Lesson 33

单词学习

名师点睛

provide /prəˈvaɪd/

vt.供给，提供

【搭配】provide food and drink供应饮食；provide food and clothes for one’s family养家糊口；provide aid to the sightless为盲人提供帮助

【例句】They could not provide any detail.他们无法提供任何细节。

【链接】provided conj.假如，若是：provided that...假如……，假设……

furnish /ˈfɜːnɪʃ/

vt.供应，提供；装备

【搭配】furnish the mind with know-ledge用知识充实头脑

【例句】Will these finds furnish more information on prehistoric man？这些发现是否会提供更多史前人类的资料？

afford /əˈfɔ:d/

vt.①提供，给予②买得起，担负得起

【搭配】afford clues提供线索；can-not afford to buy a house买不起房子；afford failure/defeat经得起失败

【例句】The poorer locals can’t afford to join the merrymaking.更穷的当地人消费不起这种寻欢作乐。

administer /ədˈmɪnɪstə/

vt.给予，派给；投（药）

【搭配】administer sb punishment给予某人惩罚；administer justice to a person审判某人

【例句】The nurse administered the medicine to the sick child.护士给生病的孩子派发药物。

【链接】administration n.管理；政府；administrate vt.管理，支配

extend /ɪkˈstend/

vt.提供，给予；发出

【搭配】extendflnancial help to sb给予某人资助；extend a warm wel-come to sb向某人表示热烈欢迎

【例句】He extended an invitation to the evening party to the entire class. 他向全班同学发出参加晚会的邀请。

submit /səbˈmɪt/

vt.①呈送，提交②主张，建议

【搭配】submit papers for inspection把文件上交审批；submit a plan/an amendment提交计划/修正案；submit a case to the court向法院提起诉讼

【例句】Why does the man say he can’t submit his assignment on time？为什么这位男士说他不能按时上交作业？

advance /ədˈva:ns/

vt.①提出（建议等）②预先发放，预先支付③提前n.[C，U]前进，推进；提升

【搭配】advance reasonable proposals 提出合理建议；advance a deadline by one week把期限提前一星期；the advance of globalisation全球化的推进

【短语】in advance在前面；预先，事先

【例句】This has been caused by the advance of the legal age for going into industry and the impossibility offlnd-ing a job even when the legal age has been reached.这种状况的形成主要是由于就业的法定年龄提高了，并且即使到了法定年龄也找不到工作。

【链接】advancement n.①促进，推动；发展，前进②提升，晋升：opportu-nities for advancement晋升的机会

bid /bɪd/

vi.喊价，出价，投标n.[C]企图，努力

【搭配】bid five dollars for the table 给桌子出价五美元；put in a bid for the contract投标争取承包合同；make a bid for freedom/power企图获得自由/权力

【例句】Several companies are bid-ding for the contract to build the bridge.几家公司在投标争取承包建桥工程的合同。

render /ˈrendə/

vt.①给予，提供②使得，致使③递交或开出（账单）

【搭配】render assistance/aid提供援助/救助；render one’s life for just cause为正义事业而献身；render sb unconscious使某人失去知觉

【例句】You will be expected to ren-der an account of money that is owed. 要求你开出欠款账单。

tender /ˈtendə/

vt.（正式）提出vi.（for）投标n.[C]投标

【搭配】tender one’s apology to sb向某人道歉；tender one’s resignation to the boss向老板提交辞呈

【例句】Several firms have tendered for the new road-building contract.已有好几家公司投标这个新的筑路合同。

volunteer /ˌvɒ1ənˈtɪə/

vt.①自愿提供②自愿（做）n.[C]①志愿者②志愿兵

【搭配】volunteer suggestions主动提出建议；volunteer some informa-tion自愿提供一些信息；volunteer to help sb主动帮助某人

【例句】For example，they can volun-teer to serve in the international sports meetings，such as the Olympic Games.例如，他们可以志愿为国际运动会，比如奥运会服务。

同义辨析

provide意为“供给，提供”，如provide food and clothes for one’s family（养家糊口）；furnish常用furnish sth to sb/sth和furnish sb/sth with sth结构；advance指提出一个本身存在争议的建议（如proposal）、要求（如deadline）、论据等，供人接受和考虑；volunteer指自愿或毫不勉强地提供（如suggestion/information）或给予（如help）。

名师点睛

contribute /kənˈtrɪbju:t/

vt.捐献vi.①捐款，做出贡献②（to）有助于，促成③投稿

【搭配】contribute to the Red Cross 向红十字会捐款；contribute a large sum to the hospital给医院捐了一笔巨款；contribute to turtles’extinction 促使海龟灭绝；contribute to a jour-nal/magazine向期刊/杂志投稿

【例句】She found that she should contribute to the household finances. 她觉得她应该对家庭的经济出一分力。

attribute /əˈtrɪbju:t/

vt.（to）把……归因于，把（过错、责任等）归于

【搭配】attribute success to intelli­gence把成功归因于聪明；attribute the fault to sb把错误归于某人

【例句】Many people attribute obesity epidemic to increased portion sizes and inactivity.许多人把肥胖盛行归咎于食物分量的增加和不运动。

【链接】attribution n.归因，归属；attributable a.（to sb/sth）可归属或归因（于某人/某事物）的

endow /ɪnˈda/

vt.①资助，捐赠②（with）给予，赋予，认为……具有某种特质

【搭配】be privately endowed私人赞助；be endowed with both beauty and brains天生美丽聪慧

【例句】The rich alumnus endowed the college with half of his fortune.这位富有的校友把其一半的财产捐赠给了母校。

【链接】endowment n.捐赠；基金

ascribe /əˈskraɪb/

vt.（to）①把……归因于②把……归属于

【搭配】ascribe one’s success to hard work把成功归于努力工作；ascribe one’s failure to bad luck把失败归于运气不佳

【例句】Police and villagers unani-mously ascribed the forestflre to thun-der and lightning.警察和村民一致认为森林大火是由雷电引起的。

subscribe /səbˈskraɪb/

vt.捐助，赞助vi.（to）①订购②同意

【搭配】subscribe money to the Hope Project给希望工程捐款；subscribe to/for magazines订购杂志；sub-scribe to an opinion同意某一意见

【例句】The children each subscribed 5 pence to buy a present for Nick in hospital.孩子们每人出5便士为住院的尼克买礼物。

【链接】subscriber n.①订购者②定期捐款者③用户：subscribers to New Scientist《新科学家》的订户；sub-scription n.①订购，认捐②订购费，认捐额③会员费，用户费

donate /dəˈneɪt/

v.捐赠，赠送

【搭配】donate 10%of its opening weekend gross捐献上映第一周周末票房收入的10%；donate blood to a blood bank向血库献血

【例句】Last year he donated$1，000 to cancer research.去年他捐了1，000美元支持癌症研究。

devote /dɪˈvət/

vt.（to）①将……奉献给②把……专用（于）

【搭配】devote budget to agriculture把预算专用于农业；devote one’s attention to（doing）sth专心于（做）某事

【例句】For eighteen years，Gabriela devoted her life to the poor farm chil-dren of Chile’s Northern valleys.加夫列拉为智利北部山谷中的贫困农村孩子奉献了18年的青春。

dedicate /ˈdedɪkeɪt/

vt.①（to）把（一生等）献给，把（时间、精力等）用于②题献词于（著作等）上

【搭配】dedicate their whole life to poems毕生致力于诗歌；be dedi-cated to sensible parenting致力于明智地抚养孩子

【例句】We should dedicate our en-ergy and youth to the development of our country.我们应该为祖国的发展贡献自己的青春与力量。

【链接】dedication n.对事业或目的的忠诚，奉献；题献词

fund /fʌnd/

vt.为……提供资金，给……拨款

【搭配】fund the project为项目提供资金；fund basic science给基础科学拨款

【例句】He’s put up$3.7 million so far to fund Texas A&M university’s re-search.到目前为止他已经为得克萨斯州农工大学的研究投入了370万美元。

cater /ˈkeɪtə/

vi.①（for/to）满足需要（或欲望）②（for）提供饮食及服务，承办酒席

【搭配】cater for all the tastes满足各种品位

【例句】Each of the two shows caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans.两个节目都迎合了不同观众的需要，都有大批的粉丝追随。

finance /ˈfaɪnæns/

vt.为……提供资金，为……筹措资金

【搭配】flnance his visit to Japan出钱供他去日本访问；colleges financed by the government由政府资助的学院；flnance the building of roads为筑路筹措资金

【例句】Also，the factories can not afford to finance chemical treatment plans by themselves.这些工厂也不能独立负担起支付化学物质处理方案的资金。

【链接】flnancial a.财政的；金融的

sacrifice /ˈsækrɪfaɪs/

vt.①献出，牺牲②献祭n.[C，U]①牺牲，舍身②献祭，供奉③祭品

【搭配】sacriflce study to sports为运动而牺牲学习；sacrifice one’s per-sonal interest to public good为公众利益牺牲个人利益

【例句】However，to our regret，there are still many people who would rather sacriflce their health for wealth.然而，令我们遗憾的是，仍有许多人宁愿为了财富而牺牲自己的健康。

同义辨析

dedicate常指把某物（如one’s life/energy）奉献给某事（如science），表示一种尊敬或纪念；sacrifice指为了某种目的或信仰而主动放弃或牺牲某些宝贵的事物，常见搭配sacriflce one’s personal interest to public good意为“为公众利益牺牲个人利益”。

名师点睛

award /əˈwɔ:d/

vt.①授予，给予②判给，裁定

【搭配】award sb scholarships授予某人奖学金；be awarded the Peace Nobel Prize被授予诺贝尔和平奖；award a higher priority to research proposals给予研究提案更大的优先权

【例句】The court awarded the mother custody of the child.法院判定孩子的监护权归母亲。

reward /rɪˈwɔ:d/

vt.报答，酬谢；奖励

【搭配】reward you for your help为你的帮助而酬谢你；be rewarded a trip to England受奖励去英国旅游

【例句】Finally，Molly’s patience was rewarded.莫莉的耐心终于有了回报。

【链接】rewarding a.报答的，有益的；flnancially rewarding career path 报酬丰厚的职业道路

entitle /ɪnˈtaɪtl/

vt.①给……权利，给……资格②给（书、文章等）题名

【搭配】entitle sb to free medical care某人有权享受免费医疗；entitle sb to a decent standard of living使某人有权享受较高的生活水准；entitle sb an opportunity to be educated使某人有权接受教育

【例句】She is entitled to a place of her own where she can be by herself， and keep her possessions.她有权拥有可以独处，也可以存放自己东西的私人空间。

entrust /ɪnˈtrʌst/

vt.委托某人负责某物或照看某人

【搭配】entrust sb with sth/entrust sth to sb把某事委托给某人

【例句】He entrusted the task to his nephew.他把这任务托付给了他的侄子。

authorise/-ize /ˈɔ:θəraɪz/

vt.授权，批准

【搭配】authorise his wife to act for him授权他妻子替他行事；authorise the payment of this bill批准支付这张账单

【例句】A membership card authorises the holder to use the club’s facilities for a period of twelve months.持有会员卡的人有权在一年之内使用该俱乐部的设施。

grant /grə:nt/

vt.授予；同意，准予n.[C]拨款；授予物

【搭配】grant sb’s request同意某人的要求；grant sb permission to do sth 准许某人做某事；grant a patent颁发一项专利；a cash grant现金拨款

【短语】take（his help）for granted认为（他的帮助）是理所当然的

【例句】A granted patent is the re-sult of a bargain struck between an inventor and the state.授予专利是发明者和国家之间达成协议的结果。

impart /ɪmˈpa:t/

vt.赋予，给予

【搭配】impart wisdom to pupils把智慧赋予学生；impart some advice给予一些建议；impart knowledge传授知识

【例句】The music imparts a feeling of excitement to thefllm.音乐给该电影增添了一种兴奋的感觉。

accord /əˈkɔ:d/

vt.授予，赠予，给予

【搭配】accord sb an honorary title授予某人荣誉称号；accord him praise for good work称赞他工作做得好

【例句】He was accorded a warm wel-come at the airport.他在机场受到热烈欢迎。

confer /kənˈfɜː/

vt.（on）授予，赋予

【搭配】confer a medal upon sb授予某人勋章；confer the diplomas授予毕业证书

【例句】An honorary degree was con-ferred on him by the university.这所大学授予他荣誉学位。

qualify /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/

v.（使）胜任，（使）具有资格，（使）合格

【搭配】qualify sb for a driving licence 使某人有资格获得驾照；qualify him to do that job使他胜任那项工作；qualify oneself as a judge有资格当法官

【例句】Children are not qualified to bring in duty-free liquor.儿童不可携带免税酒。

同义辨析

award常指授予奖金（scholarship）、奖励（prize）；grant指上级对下级的给予、同意或批准，如grant request/permission（同意要求/准许）；accord指给予某人应得的或与其身份、地位相符的礼遇（如title）、欢迎、称颂（如praise）、尊重等。

名师点睛

supply /səˈplaɪ/

n.①[C，U]供应（量）②[常pl.]存货，必需品

【搭配】sufflcient supplies of petroleum充足的石油供应；（water）be in short supply（水）供应短缺；inadequate food supply不充足的食物供给

【例句】There was a plentiful supply of cheap labour.曾拥有大量廉价劳动力。

stock /stɒk/

n.①[C，U]库存，现货②储备，供应③[C，U]世系④[U]汤汁⑤[U][总称]家畜v.储备a.常用的，常备的

【搭配】a stock of knowledge知识的积累；come of a good stock出身世家

【短语】（have blue shirts）in stock（蓝色衬衫）有库存；out of stock无现货的，脱销的；take stock of（the situa-tion）判断（形势），对……进行评估

【例句】An estimated 6 million tele-visions and computers are stocked in California homes.加州住户大约有600万台电视机和电脑。

provision /prəˈvɪʒən/

n.①[U]供应②[U]准（预）备③[C]条款，规定④[pl.]给养，口粮

【搭配】require provision要求供应；make provision against disease预防疾病；follow/violate provisions执行/违反规定

【例句】They spend all their money and make no provision for the future. 他们花光了所有的钱，而不为将来作准备。

necessity /nɪˈsesɪtɪ/

n.①[C]必需品②[sing.，U]必要（性），（迫切）需要

【搭配】the basic necessities of life 基本生活必需品；provide/supply necessities供应必需品；relieve the necessity解燃眉之急；growing ne-cessity of staff training不断上升的员工培训的必要性

【短语】of necessity（be postponed） 必须（被推迟），不可避免地

【例句】An increasing number of peo-ple have become aware of the neces-sity of a foreign language.越来越多的人已经意识到掌握一门外语的必要性。

同义辨析

supply表示消费品或设备的供应，常见搭配in short supply意为“供应短缺”；provision的复数表“饮食的供应”，常与keep/require/lay up搭配。