1.32 Lesson 29
Lesson 29

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单词学习

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名师点睛

gain /geɪn/

vt.①获得,取得②增加,增添③(钟、表)走得快vi.①得利②取得进展

【搭配】gain profits from the invest-ment从投资中获利;gain experience/recognition获得经验/赢得赏识;gain worldwide recognition得到世界范围的认可;gain a deep understanding of their own culture对他们自己民族的文化有深刻的理解;gain in popular­ity获得流行,受到欢迎

【短语】gain on(the enemies)逼近(敌人),赶上

【例句】My watch gains five minutes a day.我的表一天快五分钟。

achieve /əˈtʃi:v/

vt.完成,实现,达到

【搭配】achieve a low unemployment rate实现低失业率;achieve a balanced budget实现预算平衡;achieve fame/popularity/support获得名誉/普及/支持

【例句】My supervisor said I should do more research if I want to achieve the quality he expects of me.我的导师说如果我想达到他所期望的水平,就要多做些调查。

acquire /əˈkwaɪə/

vt.①取得,获得②学到

【搭配】acquire land/property获得土地/财产;acquire first-hand know-ledge获得第一手知识;acquire many habitual ways养成很多习惯方法

【例句】Figuring out how humans ac­quire language may shed light on why some children learn to read and write later than others.了解人类如何习得语言可以解释为什么一些孩子比另一些孩子更晚学会读和写。

attain /əˈteɪn/

vt.达到,获得

【搭配】ultimately hold people back from attaining their ideals最终阻碍了人们实现自己的理想;attain power/prosperity获得权力/成功;attain the top of a mountain到达山顶;reach/attain the legal age到了法定年龄

【例句】Anyone could attain success through honesty and hard work.任何人都能够通过诚实和辛勤工作获得成功。

【链接】attainment n.达到

obtain /əbˈteɪn/

vt.获得,得到vi.通用,流行;存在

【搭配】obtain information on/about the war获得战争的情报;obtain a decent job得到一份体面的工作

【例句】Dependent,as they are,on politicians to obtain much of their funding,scientists have little choice but to comply.由于科学家获取的许多研究基金都依靠这些政客,因此他们没有别的选择,只能遵从。

reap /ri:p/

vt.①获得,得到②收获,收割

【搭配】reap profts from business从生意中获得利润;reap the corn收割谷物

【例句】One sows and another reaps. 前人栽树,后人乘凉。

contrive /kənˈtraɪv/

vt.设法做到

【搭配】contrive to be at the station设法赶到车站;contrive a meeting with sb设法会见某人

【例句】The couple contrived to bring up their daughter on a small income. 这对夫妻设法以微薄的收入把女儿抚养成人。

同义辨析

gain表示通过较大努力获得某种利益(profit)或认可(recognition);achieve多指成就(如fame)、目标、幸福的取得;acquire指通过智力、才能进行不断的努力而逐步获得(如land/property/skill);contrive意为“设法做到”,有精巧设计或规划的含义。

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名师点睛

achievement /əˈtʃi:vement/

n.①[C]成就,成绩②[U]达到,完成,实现

【搭配】Owe his achievement to hard work将成绩归功于刻苦工作;make a brilliant achievement取得辉煌成就;understate his achievements少报他的成绩

【例句】There are gaps in reading, writing,and science achievement that should be narrower.阅读、写作以及科学成就方面的鸿沟应该被缩小。

improvement /ɪmˈpru:vement/

n.①[U]改进,增进②[C]改进处

【搭配】be room for improvement有改进的余地;notice a number of improvements发现不少改进之处;make further improvements on the machine对机器作进一步改进

【例句】In view of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the future pro­portionately fewer workers than ever before.鉴于近年来技术进步,企业未来需要的工人将比以前相应减少。

acquisition /ˌækwɪˈzɪən/

n.①[U]取得,获得;习得②[C]获得物

【搭配】acquisition of development rights取得开发权;a valuable acqui­sition to the firm公司的有价值的获得物;technique acquisition技术引进

【例句】The study of language acqui­sition offers direct insights into how humans learn.对语言习得的研究可以直接了解到人类是如何学习的。

breakthrough /ˈbreɪkθru:/

n.[C]突破,突破性进展,重要的新发现

【搭配】a great breakthrough in sth 某方面的重大突破;startling break­throughs in information technology信息技术上取得的惊人突破;make a military breakthrough获得军事突破

【例句】By that logic,2006 should have been a breakthrough year for ra­tional behaviour.根据这一逻辑,2006年本应是理性行为具有突破性进展的一年。

feat /fi:t/

n.[C]功绩,伟业,技艺

【搭配】do a marvelous feat做出惊人的业绩;perform great historic feats 立下丰功伟绩

【例句】The circus acrobats performed feats of dexterity and strength.马戏团的杂技演员展示了高超的技艺和力量。

同义辨析

achievement表示通过刻苦努力或某种技巧而取得某种成功或成就,可由scientifc/academic/brilliant修饰;acquisition指某种具有内在价值而成为人们的追求目标的东西(如right/technique);feat指需要体力或行为显示出的力量、技巧或勇气,如 marvelous/historic feats。