1．Personal Pronouns人称代词

The personal pronouns refer to specific persons or things．Personal nouns change forms to indicate cases—relationship to other words in sentences，clauses，and phrases．The pronoun cases are nominative，objective，and possessive．Here is a list of pronouns in different cases:

人称代词在句中除有单复数及阴性、阳性和中性的不同形式而外，还有主格、宾格和所有格（又称属格）的不同形式：

a．A personal pronoun in the nominative case may be used as the subject and predicative of a sentence or a clause．

主格的人称代词在句中可充当主语或表语。

I doubt that he will cancel the contract，but you may disagree．

We believe that it is unlikely that they will cancel the insurance policy．

The three leading candidates are you，he，and she．

If the matter goes to trial，the losers will be both they and we．

b．A personal pronoun in the objective case may be used as the direct or indirect object of a verb，a preposition，and the subject or the object of an infinitive．

宾格的人称代词在句中可充当动词直接或间接宾语、介词宾语以及不定式的主语或宾语。

The receptionist gave me two copies of the new catalog．

Sandra told us that she telephoned you before she wrote him．

Insofar as the agenda is concerned，I send a copy of it to him for them．

The grateful owner divided the reward between her and me．

Al asked me to help them finish the draft on time．

I thought the manager to be her．

c．The possessive pronouns my，your，her，his and our，their，its are always used as adjectives;but mine，yours，hers，his，ours and theirs may never be used as adjectives;they always stand alone．

物主代词中的my，you，her，his，our，their，its等可称为形容词性物主代词，在句中充当形容词，但mine，yours，hers，his，ours，theirs等称为名词性物主代词，在句中通常独立使用。

This is my pice-list．OR:This is mine．

Is this your new agenda?　OR:Is this yours?

d．I and We:Use I when you refer to yourself，and use We when you refer to the company or to other employees within the company．It is possible to use both I and We in the same letter．

在商业信函中，第一人称I和We往往表示同一群体或个人，可上下交互使用。