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冥想盆与蒙太奇
1.3.3 Analysis and Discussion of the measurement of cult...
Analysis and Discussion of the measurement of cultural value

Introduction

Cultural value is a thorny issue.When speaking of cultural value,a variety of debates appear,among which the most controversial one is the measurement of cultural value.So what does the word“measure”mean?Can the value of culture be measured?Is the culture for measuring valuable?How to measure the value of culture?Is it the right way to assess or evaluate or articulate or understand the value of culture?

Since culture is a product of society,when talking aboutthe value of culture,different social aspects have usually been involved,such as monetary,economy,government,public and so on,among which monetary and economy seem to be the most frequently discussed.Cultural value is also an essential issue for art and cultural sector.As Selwood's(2010:5)mentioned,everybody in the arts and cultural sector is struggling with talking about value.Then what is the chance and challenge of art and cultural sectors?How should art and cultural sectors deal with it?This essay aims to critically explore the pressure to“measure”the value of culture,trying to identify the challenges for the art and cultural sector posed by the measurement of cultural value.

Background

As the father of cultural anthropology Edward Burnett Tylor mentioned(1871),culture is a complex overall,including knowledge,belief,art,morals,laws,customs,and human society and habits.Behind all these forms of culture,the kernel of culture is that human nature recognizing itself in a free and conscious realm of the upper body,the purpose of the pursuit of human civilization means to turn a natural person into a cultural one.The value of culture should permanently be the ethereal and lofty spiritual realm transcending materialism.Only this kind of value can stay beyond time and space,geographical limit,and to enable human interact with each other.

Cultural value refers to the properties of culture that the objective things are able to meet the special nature of certain cultural needs or to reflect certain cultural patterns.Cultural value could be a relationship between main body and object of culture,and is found when a certain cultural subject is able to meet the needs of their own culture and could occupy the object.

Cultural value is a social product,but also a very abstract and broad concept,to make a strict and precise definition and to measure it is not easy.The definition of types of cultural value varies among different notions.Just as with‘culture,and‘value,there are a range of perspectives and uses of the term,some of which complement each other,whilst some are seemingly contradictory(Bennett and Belfiore 2008).Culture should not be defined in a limited sense on certain items,since it is rooted in human society at the very beginning.Thus there should be different explanations understanding the value of culture.

Existing conceptual frameworks of cultural value

Although thedefinition of the value of culture remains to be discussed,there are mainly two conceptual works explaining the most commonly received uses of cultural value.The first concept comes raised by John Holden,defining the value of culture as the intrinsic,instrumental and institutional values of culture.The second concept comes from the idea of Australian economist David Throsby,separating cultural values into six components.

John Holden(2005)puts forward a conceptual framework measuring cultural value,using a triangle diagram to classify different methods measuring the value of culture.According to Holden,there are mainly three components composing the value of culture:instrumental values,intrinsic values and institutional values.Tessa Jowell(2004)made a plea that culture has‘in and of itself,.The discussion of intrinsic values is now being taken seriously again(Holden 2004,and Rand 2005).The intrinsic value is spiritual and emotional,referring to the set of values that relate to the subjective experience.It is the value that people refer to when they say“I like this.It makes me feel good”or“This tells me who I am”(p 9).It is very hard to define,but is definitely something about aesthetic appropriation and individual experience.According to Holden,intrinsic value can be found in personal testimony,qualitative assessments,anecdotes,case studies and critical reviews(Holden,2004).

Anothervalue of culture from Holden is instrumental value,the value emerges when culture is used as a tool or instrument to achieve some non-cultural goals.Instrumental value is produced in the need of the social and economic policy of culture.It relates to the“knock-on”effects of culture and may be shown in the field of tourism,or education or sport engagement of a country.The instrumental value tends to serve politics and economy,social significance of culture is much stressed.In the UK,according to the documents of Arts Council England,instrumental value of culture seems to have devastatingly controlled the subsidizing organizations of culture.When talking about instrumental value,cultural influence of art is barely mentioned.

In addition,there isinstitutional value of culture,describing the value of action of cultural organizations,and the interaction and communication with public and audience.Institutional value is captured from the feedback from the public.Institutional value is a relatively new concept of cultural value,the procedure and operations which the cultural organizations use to interact to public matters a lot.It is in the process of organizations engaging with their public and their own employees where institutional value is created.Institutional value is rooted in moral values,flowing from working practices and attitudes,concerning for the public.It sees the feeling from the audience of culture more important than the profit of customer or marketing.“Institutional value manifests itself in the generation of social capital by creating trust in the public realm,safety in public spaces(physical and conceptual),and sociability among citizens.”(Holden,2004)

Holden believes that the three values are interdependent.The three values of culture constitute the entirety of the value of culture.They are equal validity and should be considered together.

Unlike Holden'sframework dividing cultural value into three parts,David Thorsby(2001),focuses more on the connection between intrinsic value and economic value,combining the two more closely while still trying to separate them.Cultural value has been separated into six elements,including artistic,psychic,gregarious,historic,symbolic and authenticity value,each of which differs from others and stands for a relatively specific cultural aspect.

Throsbybelieves the intrinsic cultural value should be closely connected with economic value,and cultural value can be separated from economic value due to people's willingness to pay,which suggests the role of market playing in economic value.Throsby also believes that cultural value is the foundation of instrumental value,especially emphasizing on the value of cultural heritage.It can be measured to some degree,subsisting in economic value,but cannot entirely be measured in the economic way.“There are some aspects of cultural value that cannot realistically be rendered in monetary terms.”(Throsby 2006:42).Culture is the product of society,the influence of different social aspects should never be reduced to a monetary form only.

Critiques of measuring cultural value

Both of Throsby and Holden show that cultural value could be measured and offer different methods measuring cultural value.However there are some critiques about their opinions.Someone denies the idea of intrinsic value,doubting whether it would make sense when planning cultural policies.They argue that cultural value should be enclosed cultural commodities or services in terms of economic value,otherwise,to have the interest of culture demonstrated without using the economic value of culture is going to be difficult.They believe that the intrinsic and instrumental division of cultural value is unhelpful and unclear,claiming that cultural value should“fit within a wider ideological and political discourse about whose values should prevail,with competing and conflicting positions”(Gibson and Pendlebury,2009:4),but not only be judged on intrinsic value.This implies that culture is always value for an individual or group,rather than timeless value outside of human contemplation(ACE 2009:11,Pinnock 2006,Rumbold 2010).

Jones(2010)argues the distinction between culture in the wider‘way of life,sense and the infrastructure surrounding culture,believing it is the duty of institutions to extend the existence and to enhance the prosperity of culture,thinking that beyond the intrinsic value of culture,to identify the infrastructure surrounding culture requires more pragmatic solutions.Coles(2008)points out that the pure intrinsic value of culture can be easily disaggregated because it depends on an implicit division between intrinsic and instrumental value.Gibson(2008:4)criticizes the dichotomy which is led by the lack of agreements on the significance of instrumental value.All of these people do not approve to measure cultural value solely in intrinsic aspect.

Besides,there are quite a lot people who seecultural value existing in economic value.A range of authors believe that the value people gain from culture,whether aesthetic,spiritual,symbolic or historical is reflected in culture's economic value,which is the price or willingness to pay(Pinnock 2009,Eftec 2005,Bedate et al 2004,Mason 2002).

Debate about value linked with economy could exist for a long period,economic value of culture could hardly be separated from the measurement of cultural value in the context of contemporary society.Culture doesn't equal to economy,but to consider economic value of culture can be much meaningful to evaluate the comprehensive value of culture.

Just asEftec(2005)discussed,if culture has intrinsic value,then by definition this value cannot be measured,as it is intrinsic to the object.Because of this,it would be not possible to make comparisons of different values of culture,which directly leads to the consequence that government will encounter unknown problems when making policies and funding cultural enterprises.Social or political impact should always be taken into consideration when valuing culture.

Particle of cultural value

“Particle”is a physical concept.According to the explanation of American meteorological society,it is a small localized object to which can be ascribed several physical properties such as volume or mass.When an object is in motion,regarding the object as a quality point without considering its size and shape,it could be called as a particle(2010).Similarly,the particle of cultural value means that in the process of cultural creation and cultural services,regardless of its content and form,the value of culture should and must be endowed with the character of the truth,the beautiful and the good.It can guide the mind of human and can enhance the spirit of human.It can purify social atmosphere and cultivate the national soul.The particle of cultural value represents a nation's soft power.The soft power of culture is an important source of national cohesion.Culture is the lifeblood of a nation,the basic element and the primary logo of national image.Cultural soft power should maximize their national cohesion,with the effort of melting the outstanding culture of the nation as a nation“collective unconscious”into the soul of people.The value of cultural soft power is spiritual and subjective but not material.As Thorsby(2006:42)mentioned,it would be less possible to express a feeling of‘Britishness,or‘Frenchness,for individuals,if culture is symbolized by monetary rather than the individual utility.The value of culture could be the historical heritage and legacy of a nation,reflecting the truth,the beauty and the good of a nation and its people.

The truth of cultural value is to make people wiser and more knowledgeable.The essence of the truth is regularity and objectivity.It could not be transferred by the will of human.Seeking the truth of cultural value allows people to understand and reflect the essence and rules of objective things,to improve human lives by improving natural environment,social environment and spiritual environment.Once the objective law is understood,it will turn the dominating pressure into the developing power.Thus,self-peacefulness of cultural soft power will be realized.

The good of cultural value exists in the kindness of humanity,pursuing morality and ethics.The substance of the good of cultural value is purposiveness.Being intrinsic and subjective,it expresses the will of the subject and intuitive knowledge,helping to shape the morality of citizens and to enhance the civilization of society.When the subject and the object both reach mutual benefit in the premise of fairness and equality,the self-realization of cultural soft power will be achieved.

Thebeauty of cultural value is to beautify the world of human mind,to sublimate the faith and to purify the spirit.The essence of beauty lies both in the regularity and the purposiveness because the scale of beauty is both external and internal.It is the integrity of subject and object in harmony,unified on the basis of the truth and the good.Cultural soft power stands for the freedom of mind and the harmony between the subject and object.Possession of beauty enable a person to acquire joy and fun beyond himself,thus the self-pleasure of cultural soft power will be achieved.

Being the essential features of particle of cultural value,the truth,the beauty and the good of cultural soft power belong to spiritual field.The intrinsic value of culture is full well realized in the spiritual promoting process.Particle of cultural value could be equivalent to the intrinsic value of culture in some degree.It is the root of all contents and forms of culture,cultural products,and cultural services.The diversification of the form of value and value orientation is not only the inevitable development of the times,but also the value radiation and performance improvement of culture.In this case,to effectively strengthen the particle of cultural value is particularly urgent and important.Otherwise,the ontology value and the ultimate performance of culture will definitely be suppressed and dissipated,resulting in the metamorphism and materialism of particle of cultural value.It should be treated with the attitude of“art for art's sake”(Guerard,A.1936).

Because the nature of value is comprehensive and multifaceted,what the values of culture are in terms of‘the qualities and characteristics seen in things,becomes the essential question of the issue(Mason 2002:7).Since culture is the product of human society,humanity must be the most essential quality and fundamental characteristic of cultural value.Cultural value becomes meaningful only when being people-centred.

Culture is the memory of the development of a nation,the value and the charm of culture lies in the procedure of pursuing and exploring the meaning of“people”.The core value of culture is to enrich the spiritual world of people and to enhance the ideological consciousness of people.Cultural value provides a value system of meaning of life to the society and all the social members.Both the starting and ending points of the particle of culture are people.People are the subject and the purpose of cultural value.Just as Scott(2010)says,“measurable does not mean valuable”.The particle of cultural value is valuable,but not measurable.

Cultural value in the context of industry

In terms of economy,the value lies in the socially necessary labour of commodities,which is implemented in mass consumption and market and is available to be marked with currency and exchange.However,in terms of culture itself,the way which cultural value is measured is totally different.The core content and the ultimate performance of cultural value are always endowed within the natural and intrinsic spiritual connotations.Apart from the spiritual value and intrinsic value of culture,other values of culture are all the supplementary value deriving in the process of social development.Neither of them reflects the essential shape and the main function of culture,nor constructs the particle of cultural value.The real creation of culture from history is never for profit or entertainment purposes.The spiritual salvation and social performance of culture is lofty,long-lasting,and priceless,these could only comes from intrinsic value of culture.Instrumental value of culture,institutional value of culture,economic value of culture or any other kinds of cultural values are just momentary pursuits with utility consumption,which is the characteristic of industrialization.These values could be measured in the industrial way.

The cultural industry is a new industry in modern industrial society and economical society,especially in the global society.The definition of cultural industries made by the United Nations includes three points:1.industrial standards,to produce in accordance with the standards of the industrialized production;2.products via marketing;3.the object of the product of the cultural industry is the consumer of mass culture.It has two major properties:the spiritual one which shows the nature of culture,and the material one which could be operated to make profit.

In the context of globalization and industrialization,with the high speed development of economy,failing to guard cultural value may leads to money worship.Money would become the main standard,even the only standard,in many fields of society.Economic value has been attached much importance to,and the intrinsic cultural value has been twisted somehow.It is often reflected in market prices,where there is no market for a good or service and therefore no price(Reeves 2002).When cultural value is bond to money,the concept of price and market is stressed.

In an unprecedented cultural ecology,mixing up value and price hasbecome a very common phenomenon.Nevertheless,value doesn't equal to price.They are fundamentally different things.According to Karl Marx(1865),Price depends on value.Price is determined by supply and demand.Price is the quantified result of value.“A commodity has a value,because it is a crystallization of social labour.The greatness of its value,or its relative value,depends upon the greater or less amount of that social substance contained in it;that is to say,on the relative mass of labour necessary for its production.The relative values of commodities are,therefore,determined by the respective quantities or amounts of labour,worked up,realized,fixed in them.”However,here the price is about commodity,so is the value.This price and this value are market-oriented.

In the context of cultural industry,the value being discussed is the value of cultural commodities,not culture itself.But the value of culture conveyed by cultural commodities is actually the metaphysical value which is beyond the material form.It is the intrinsic value of culture,the so-called particle of cultural value.Industry has its own standard.Standard of industry includes revenue,profit and market.While the standard of culture is consists of aesthetic,spirit and emotion.The particle of cultural value has nothing to do with bureaucracy,or commerce,or GDP,but has to do with pure art,with the well-being of a nation.The intrinsic value differs from the values which could be measured in an instrumental or commercial way.Anything related to money could only destroy it.

In the context of cultural industry,GDP growth could be driven by cultural industry,economic benefits could be made by cultural industry.However it is not all culture could be industrialized but just some certain part of culture could enter the field of industry and promote GDP.If the intrinsic value of culture has been heavily linked to money,then it equals to sacrificing the universal high quality of a nation the in exchange with a high GDP,which may lead a result that the low quality people squandering GDP,then this becomes a vicious cycle.Industrialization of culture may go beyond the boundaries,turning the culture which is not for industrialization into money maker.It would be the ignorance of culture.Thus it can be conclude that the value of culture can be measured somehow,by converting the immeasurable value partly into measurable value.The convertible section of cultural value is market-oriented,belonging to the output and outcome of cultural products for exchange of commodities.Nevertheless,the intrinsic value of culture is completely unrelated with the commodity,market or monetary.On the contrary,the economic value of culture has been converted from culture and art to mass consumption due to contemporary industrialization.The economic value which Thorsby argues“due to people's willingness to pay”could be measured and could be involved with monetary.Although the DCMShave confirmed that there is no ready-made and reliable methodology in place for calculating the economic impacts of cultural institutions(Holden,2004),the economic value of monetary which effect on industry could be calculated,with in the era of industrialization.

Of course,the intrinsic value of culture and the derivative economic value of culture are not contradictory in the context of industry.In fact they could be completely unified.It is with the development of the former value could the latter value become improved and promoted,they are having a corresponding rise relationship.The intrinsic value of culture is better carried forward,other supplementary values of culture is easier to achieve.Although in a certain environment or a period of time,different values of culture may have a deficit due to the differences of understanding of the social and spiritual connotation,they will eventually achieve reunification.It is just the measurement of cultural value should be more rigorous.Cultural Value calculations should extend the boundaries of evaluation,aiming to promote the measures by finding out the best method(Holden,2004).How to achieve the reunification of intrinsic and economic values of culture while measuring them appropriately remains to be the ultimate challenge.

Cultural capital value

Contemporary French scholar Pierre Bourdieu(1997)proposed the concept of“cultural capital”.Cultural capital is a non-collection concept.It not only refers to the individual's cultural capital,but also means the social cultural capital.The analysis of the concept of cultural capital should be combined with the relationship of individual practice and social life.Cultural capital refers to the capital which formed in the individualized producing practice.The input of producing includes not only human investment,but also qualifications and skills,cultural accomplishment,cultural psychology,family traditions and behavior of the workers.

Cultural capital is presented in three forms:specific state of knowledge and education,objective state of cultural commodity,and institutional state of diploma and certificate.The specific state of cultural capital should be the core of the measurement of cultural capital value.The value of cultural capital would increase along with the transaction from knowledge to certificate.In the process of symbolization,the value of cultural capital completes its own externalization and objectification as well as gaining value.

Bourdieu follows Marx's idea of the value of the goods,thinking that the level of cultural capital value depends on the socially necessary labour time invested.However,due to the difference between cultural production and material production,cultural capital could become a priced commodity only when it enters the field of economic practice and commodity markets,no matter cultural commodity markets or general commodity market.Otherwise,the value of cultural capital could not be measured as the value of goods in the marketing way.Cultural capital is the capital for human,cultural capital accumulation for human life comes before market demand.Cultural capital value has its own self-discipline.Although accumulation of cultural capital is linked with various types of market demand,the value of cultural capital itself is not directly related to market.

If the value of cultural capital depends on the social labor time,then the exchange value of cultural capital depends on the demand of other types of capital accumulation.In the individual practice,the conversion of capital equals to the accumulation of capital.In cultural area,the accumulation of cultural capital is usually related to accumulation of other capitals.In the process of transforming cultural capital into other types of capital,the deviation between value and exchange value may lead to the alienation of cultural capital.Cultural capital will be separated from its symbol and the value of cultural capital may be lost.How to overcome the situation of the alienation of cultural capital,and how to troubleshoot the alienation emerging in the procedure of converting different types of capital,remains to be discussed step further.

Challenge for art and cultural sector

Due to the complexity of cultural value,in the industrialization context,the cultural and art sectors are faced with a rapidly changing environment a progressive transformation of value chains and evolving consumer behaviour and expectations.The taste of culture has been a controversial issue.How to judge a form of culture and how the judgment effects on the funding of it become a challenge.The judgment on the level of culture has always been a discussion.Culture is always split into two levels,the socalled“high culture”and“low culture”,or“popular culture”and“elite culture”.How to define a certain form of culture is“high”or“low”?With what kind of standard should the art or cultural sector approve or oppose a certain form of culture?The questions remain to be a challenge.Culture is comprehensive,it would be narrow if simply dividing culture into two class extremes but losing sight of the complexity of culture.Instead“high”or“low”,it may be better not to distinguish culture between elegance or vulgar with aesthetic standard,but with functional standard between entertainment and arts.

Although the definition of art and entertainment does not suffer from being exclusive,when applying for subsidy from government,it cannot avoid making direct judgments of value of culture.Here comes the discrimination of the so-called“high”and“low”culture.There has always been an unfairness of the funding from government between art and popular culture.Art has always been treated with respect and usually been attached importance to far more than entertainment or popular culture.Since modern market economy has culture tracked into the commercial manufacture,culture has been civilians.With the development of modern high-tech means of communication,pursuing for popularity and fashion has became the focus of popular culture.Popular culture represents the measurable value of culture.It is linked with mass culture and mass consumption.The value of entertainment or popular culture could be transferred from the intrinsic value to economic value,faced with mass public and mass consumption.According to Holden,the instrumental and institutional values of culture are conducted by government and faced to mass public.The instrumental value is the motivation of instrumental policy,which seeks to use culture or creativity to achieve non-cultural specific ends(Pratt 2008).Policy-makers use this value to realize the political function and to subsidize cultural enterprises,cultural sectors use it to educate public and audience,to promote cultural taste of the whole nation.Therefore,to realize these values of culture,policy-makers and cultural sectors should take entertainment and popular culture more into consideration.The cultural sector should encourage and support the development of positive and healthy entertainment and popular culture.It should try to offer public entertainment,stimulating the diversity of culture in society,as well as promoting an improving the level of cultural appreciation.Meanwhile,it is the duty of cultural sector to realize the educational function of culture,hammering at the artistic impact of cultural products and services in terms of the inheriting of art and the propagation of national culture.Government should pay attention to the future prospects of market of entertainment and popular culture in context of industrialization.Due to the potentiality to make profit and to improve the development of economy,the economic and commercial value of entertainment and popular culture should be paid more attention to.More subsidies should be given to it,in order to improve the commercialization and industrialization of culture.

Meanwhile,there is no easy dividing line between the two levels of culture,but the target audience to whom the content of culture is provided should be taken into consideration.The audience of culture possess a rather important position in the measurement of cultural value,and the co-creation of marketers and audience have raised huge challenge to artists.It is an important relationship the arts and cultural sector should deal with,in terms of institutional value of culture.When institutions deal with it and built a relationship with the audience,the popular culture has the public value and instrumental value.Therefore,what cultural sector should do,is to help popular culture getting more opportunities to be subsidized,in terms of economic value it could achieve,while making art more accessible to public,in terms of the educating and promoting people's cultural level with intrinsic value of culture.Concerns with the public value can lead to as unfruitful a set of arguments as those which are generated when asking‘what is art?,or even‘what good are the arts?,(Carey,2006),it should be linked to democratization of culture.

Cultural democracy aims to protect the rights of culture of every member of the society,allowing people to join in the cultural activities in society and offering opportunities to take part in planning cultural policies.It could be more accessible for public to get cultural resources and support with cultural democracy.According to Gattinger(2011),possible basic change of cultural democracy effects on governance arrangements,business,government and society in funding.In order to make better development of culture and cultural enterprises,cultural democracy must be taken into account by art and cultural sector.When dealing with the issue of cultural funding,both the need of funders and public should be taken into consideration.To policymakers and funders,a plan raised by DCMS aims at strengthening the range,quality and reliability of the evidence base.Policymakers and funders are advocated to estimate the instrumental impact of cultural funding more reasonable.To public,the general idea of Arts Council England appears to be that the delivery of public services should be focused at the improvement of both general processes within government so that the delivery of goods and services is improved(i.e.the public will benefit and achieve improved‘value,from improvements in how public sector organizations operate),and at developing a better linkage between public sector organizations and the general public so that there is a better match of expectations between the two(Clive Gray,2008).

Also,from the angle of social function of culture,the culture has a profit function,which stands for the economic value of culture.The organic combination of intrinsic values and economic values seems to be a big challenge for the cultural sector.In the United States,for example,Disney land,as a famous American Cultural Park,there is no doubt about its success.From the angle of economic value of culture,it has formed a complete cultural industry chain.From the angle of intrinsic value,the content of Disney's cultural products conveys relatively universal human values,such as family,friendship,courage and something like that.Although the combat of U.S.political parties are very fierce and powerful,no matter which party is in charge of the country,Disney land is always recognized.There is hardly political influence on the development of Disney.American people's selection of Disney has never been affected by the impact of the regime change from generation to generation.

By the same token,Hollywood,Broadway,being different cultural forms but sharing a similar feature,which is a platform for manufacturing a social form of American Contemporary society.Most of the lifestyle and behavioral concepts of contemporary American people are expanded to become a reality on this platform.This is exactly the balance of the intrinsic value of culture and the economic value of culture.

Applying for the framework of the pyramid pattern of cultural value,it is the intrinsic value which stays on the spire of the pyramid that determines the significance of instrumental value in decision-making.It is those strongly striking and symbolic cultural elements and cultural spirits expressed in the content of Disney,Hollywood,and Broadway that deepen the impression of American culture,helping the national cultural value to be more widely disseminated.

Therefore,for the policy-makers,when planning cultural policies related to economy,the priorities of different values of culture should be seriously treated.No matter cultural parks,creative clusters,or entertainment commodities,it serves the economic value.It only provides a space or a carrier to culture,more like a way producing packaging to earn profits.The kernel of cultural valueis still the intrinsic value,about something abstract,spiritual,something about humanities,arts,and the universal human values.Cultural sector and policy makers should be thinking about the meaning of existence of culture in terms of cultural significance.Only when being oriented in the intrinsic value of culture could the development of culture running on the right track.

Art sector,or cultural sector,they are not economy sector or government after all.One of the duties of arts and cultural sectors is to guide human's mind and to enhance the human society,to complete this mission,differenttypes of cultural value should be full well balanced and the real value of culture must be defended.

Conclusion

Cultural value is closely linked with culture itself.The value of culture could be measured,but should be measured with stratification.Cultural value should be layered like a pyramid,in top-down order locating the intrinsic value,the instrumental value and the institutional value,the economic value respectively.Debates surrounding the measurement of cultural value vary from different domains of society to the standards and taste of culture.No matter how fierce the arguments are,the particle of cultural value should always be insisted,which is the highlight of cultural subjectivity labour performance,and playing an active role in culture and society,especially in the diversified magnitude of value,performance of value and value orientation.Although in the context of industrial development and market economy in contemporary era,the influence of economy and politics and other socialexistence to the measurement of the value of culture could never be avoided,the intrinsic value of culture should always comes first.If it is changed,then culture is no longer culture.Because culture is a slippery concept,to take advantage of the meaningful senses of cultural value to improve the development of culture is a challenge for arts and cultural sector.How to balance from the simplest to the most abstruse,how to bridge cultural value and wealth,the challenge requires objective and comprehensive understanding of the measurement of cultural value.It is important to understand how questions of cultural value are constant subjects of debate throughout human history.Just as Holden says,“Many existing practices have value if they are put in the proper context.The gains of recreating that context around the goal of Creating Cultural Value should be enough to motivate all concerned.”

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