七下 Unit 6 Outdoor fun Grammar Simple past tense
Background:Outdoor fun
We did a lot of outdoor activities at different time.
Key words:past,activities
Ⅰ Background information
Students not only study and play at school,but also do a lot of activities outside the school.They enjoy different activities at different time.What about their activities in the past?What did they do?
Ⅱ Type of the lesson
Grammar lesson
Ⅲ Teaching aims and learning objectives
By the end of the lesson,the students will be able to:
1.Understand the meanings of the simple past tense.
2.Know the structures of the simple past tense.
3.Grasp the positive and negative sentence structure of the simple past tense.
4.Learn how to ask questions with the simple past tense and answer them.
5.Use the simple past tense to talk about their life.
6.Cooperate with partners and experience the feeling of success.
Ⅳ Teaching content
1.New words
2.Meanings and structures of the simple past tense
3.Reading,listening,speaking and writing skills
Ⅴ Focus of the lesson and predicted area of difficulty
1.New words and the story of the sample writing
2.Meanings and structures of the simple past tense
3.Application of the simple past tense
Ⅵ Teaching aids
1.Projector 2.Multimedia 3.Blackboard
4.Chalk 5.Computer
Ⅶ Teaching procedures
Step 1 The simple past tense—positive sentences(Warm-up and lead-in)
(1)Present some pictures of what the teacher did last weekend.
【设计理念:1.用周末外出野营作为切入口,野营时要搭建帐篷导入单词或短语(put up,tent)。2.用师生对话活跃课堂气氛,提问学生老师周末外出干什么,学生开动脑筋进行猜测,调动了学生参与问题的积极性。3.周末活动呈现时采用过去时的肯定句式。】
T:What did you do last weekend?What did I do?Guess?Yes,I went out to play with my friends.We went camping in the park.We put up a tent on the grass.I was very happy at that time.
(2)Conclude the structure of the positive sentences.
【设计理念:将导入部分的句式呈现在黑板上,根据这些句式总结过去时肯定式结构,在总结过程中,分为实义动词和be动词两类,帮助学生理清两类动词不同的肯定句结构。】
T:Now do you know the structure of positive sentences?Yes,it's“subject+verb(the simple past tense)+other elements”,“subject+be(was/were)+other elements”.
(3)Practice using the positive structure of the simple past tense.
【设计理念:1.提问学生周末参加了什么活动,使用一般过去时的肯定句式进行对话,操练一般过去式的肯定句结构。2.运用肯定句式结构的知识进行实际答题练习。3.巩固对一般过去式肯定句式结构的理解和记忆。】
T:I did a lot of activities at the weekend.What about you?(找一个学生回答做示范)How about your partners?Talk with your partners(students do pair work).Oh,you really had fun last weekend.But Millie didn't.She did her homework and she had some problems.Can you help her?(练习操练)
Step 2 The simple past tense—negative sentences
(1)Present some pictures of what the teacher didn't do last weekend.
【设计理念:通过一些图片告诉老师周末没干哪些事情,呈现出一般过去式的否定句式。分为实义动词和be动词两种情况,给学生以初步的直观的感受。】
(2)Conclude the structure of negative sentences.
(设计理念:将由图片导出的句式呈现在黑板上,根据这些句式总结过去时否定句式结构,在总结过程中,分为实义动词和be动词两类,帮助学生理清两类动词不同的否定句结构。)
T:Now do you know the structure of negative sentences?Yes,it's“subject+did not+verb+other elements”,“subject+be(was/were)+not+other elements”.
(3)Practice using the negative structure of the simple past tense.
【设计理念:1.提问学生及其父母周末没参加什么活动,使用一般过去时的否定句式进行流利对话,操练一般过去时的否定句结构。2.运用否定句式结构的知识进行实际答题练习。3.巩固对一般过去时否定句式结构的理解和记忆。】
T:I didn't do many activities at the weekend.What about you?(找一个学生回答做示范)How about your partners?Talk with your partners(students do pair work).
Step 3 The simple past tense—interrogative sentences
1.Present some pictures of what the teacher did last weekend.
【设计理念:1.用师生对话活跃课堂气氛,让两个学生看图问这些人过去做了什么,目的是让学生学会用一般过去时提问题。2.在黑板上呈现过去时一般疑问句的句子,分be动词和实义动词两类。3.让学生两人一组自己讨论上周末的活动。】
T:What did you do last weekend?Did you do your homework?What else did you do last weekend?What did I do?Guess?Did I go out to play with my friends?Yes,you did.Did we go camping in the park?Did we put up a tent on the grass?Was she very happy at that time?Were we very happy?Yes,you were.Did they have a picnic at that time?No,they didn't.
(2)Conclude the structure of interrogative sentences.
【设计理念:将导入部分的句式呈现在黑板上,根据这些句式总结过去时疑问句式结构,在总结过程中,分为实义动词和be动词两类,帮助学生理清两类动词不同的疑问句结构,并且做肯定和否定回答。】
T:Now do you know the structure of interrogative sentences?Yes,it's“did/was were+subject+verb(the simple present tense)+other elements”.
(3)Practice using the interrogative structure of the simple past tense.
【设计理念:1.提问学生周末参加了什么活动,使用一般过去时的疑问句式进行对话,操练一般过去时的疑问句结构。2.运用疑问句式结构的知识进行实际答题练习。3.巩固对一般过去时疑问句式结构的理解和记忆。】
T:(找一个学生回答做示范)Did you do housework last weekend?Yes/No.What else did you do last weekend?I did…(找两个学生对话)How about your partners?Talk with your partners(students do pair work).
Step 4 Homework
【设计理念:1.在小组合作的基础上,开始个人写作,巩固课堂所学。2.引导对写作感兴趣的同学,进行自己创作、改编。】
T:Now please remember your homework:
(1)Write the story by yourself and share it with each other.
(2)Choose one of your favorite novels(小说)and try to write more about it.
Ⅷ Blackboard design
7B Unit 6 Outdoor fun Grammar Simple past tense
New words:put up,a tent
The simple past tense:
肯定:subject+V(the simple past tense)/be(was/were)+…
否定:subject+didn't+V(the simple present tense)+…
subject+was not/were not+…
疑问句:Did subject+do…?
Yes,…did.
No,…did not.
Was/Were sb….?
Yes,…was/were.
No,…wasn't/weren't.
Ⅸ Teaching reflection
本节课主要处理语法一般过去时,分为肯定句结构、否定句结构和一般疑问句结构。肯定句导入时运用周末情境,周末外出做什么活动,呈现肯定句结构。呈现过程中有意识引导学生注意两类动词:行为动词和be动词。然后总结规则,并进行口语操练,让学生运用肯定句结构描述过去做过的事情。学生对开头的导入十分感兴趣,因为这是与学生生活息息相关的。否定句导入时也是运用周末情境,通过几幅图片导出周末老师没参加哪些活动,呈现否定句结构。呈现过程中有意识引导学生注意两类动词:行为动词和be动词。然后总结规则,让学生两两对话谈论他们及其父母周末没做什么活动,进行一般过去时否定句式的操练,让学生运用否定句结构描述过去没有做过的事情。疑问句的导入主要是让学生自己说出过去时疑问句的句子,自己训练这样的句子,所以让两个学生看着图片问问题比较重要,要分be动词和实义动词两类句子问,分别总结规律。让学生做一个完整对话也很好地锻炼了学生使用过去时的能力。同时顺带复习一下特殊疑问词的使用以及疑问句的肯定回答和否定回答。在疑问句的学习部分,老师一定要注意的是,自己不要问太多问题,不要说太多话,引导学生自问自答。
点评:
本节课语法教学设计让学生在语境中进行语法教学,不是孤立地、死板地记住一些语法规则。活动有明确的交际目的和真实的交流意义,即向同学们介绍自己的一次周末活动。这些活动的层次性强,操作要求具体,指导性强。学生先听别人讲述自己的一次周末活动,了解干了什么,没有干什么,这有利于内化语言知识,发现语法规则。接下来,学生通过小组合作,不断进行细节追问,达成一般过去时三种结构的现实操练。之后,同伴之间相互转述朋友的一次周末活动,培养学生连续说英语的能力。教师为学生使用目的语提供了有用的支持。学习的活动内容和形式都贴近学生的生活实际,符合学生的认知水平和生活经验。在这些活动中,语法的学习以一种渗透的方式进行,即学生在交流思想的过程中掌握语法,学习语法的过程变得比较有趣和比较有意义,优化了英语学习方式。
这个案例说明语法的学习不一定非要教师仔仔细细地讲解,学生可以从语言输入中观察到语言的规律性东西,观察到这些规律只是语言学习的第一步,还要进一步在情境中运用巩固。通过运用,帮助学生内化语言规则。