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大学英语翻译教程
1.8.1.5 五、郑和下西洋
五、郑和下西洋

【翻译原文】

明朝前期(the early Ming Dynasty),中国是世界上最发达的国家之一。1405年到1433年间,明政府七次派郑和率领大规模船队出使西洋(the Western Ocean)。郑和拜访了东南亚(Southeast Asia)、南亚和东非等地区的30多个国家和地区。他用珍贵的礼物表达中国与他们友好交往的愿望,得到了各国的热情回应。郑和下西洋传播了中国文明,加强了明政府与世界各国的联系,促进了中国与其他国家文化与经济的交流。

【表达难点】

1.翻译第2句中的“明政府七次派郑和率领大规模船队出使西洋”时,可先翻译主要结构(the Ming Government sent Zheng He to theWestern Ocean on diplomatic missions),然后再将其他成分放人该结构中。“七次”置于sent…to结构中,表明“派(出)”的频率,用介词短语on seven voyages确切表示出使的方式。“率领大规模船队”用介词短语with large-scale fleet来表达,整个句子紧凑顺畅。

2.第3句中的定语“东南亚、南亚和东非等地区的”较长,故处理成后置定语,用介词短语southeast Asia,South Asia,and East Africa来表达。

3.第4句中的“表达中国与他们友好交往的愿望”表目的,故用不定式to show China’s sincere desire…作目的状语来表达,定语“与他们友好交往的”可翻译为不定式短语to develop friendly relations with them,句子结构清晰,顺畅且达意。

4.在最后一句中,主语“郑和下西洋”表达为名词性短语Zheng He’s voyages,简单明了。“与世界各国”和“与其他国家”因结构并列、意思相近而合并翻译,置于句末,这样处理使句子结构简洁顺畅。

【精彩译文】

In the early Ming Dynasty,China was one of the most developed countries in the world.In order to transmit its national power and strengthen contacts with other countries,Emperor Chengzu sent Zheng He to the Western Ocean many times.In 1405,Zheng He embarked on his first voyage.His fleetwas composed ofmore than 200 ships and carried over 20,000 men,including sailors,soldiers,technical personnel,interpreters etc.,and large amounts of gold and silk to be used for trade and as gifts.The round trip took two years.Some of the countries Zheng He visited dispatched envoys bearing tributes to the Ming courton his ships.Zheng He’s voyageswere a great feat in the world’s navigation history.Today,there are stillmany buildings in Southeast Asia dedicated to hismemory.