第一类　中国历史

四大文明古国之一：one of four ancient civilizations

人类文明史：the history of human civilization

源远流长：to have a long history

历史悠久：with a long history

朝代：dynasty

古都：ancient capital

随着时间推移：as time goes by

远古时代：ancient times

原始社会：primitive society

春秋时期：the Spring and Autumn Period

战国：the Warring States

封建社会：feudal society

皇帝：emperor

君主：monarch

历史遗留问题：a question leftover from history/the past

在战争中损毁：to be ruined in wars

抵抗侵略：to resist the invasion

五四运动：the May Movement of 1919

在……世纪初：at the beginning of…century

迄今为止：up till now

追溯到：to date/trace back to

来源于：to derive/stem from；to originate from/in

发祥地：birthplace

保存最完好的：best-preserved

原址：originated site

国家博物馆：national museum

皇帝统治时期：a period of emperor reign

诸侯国：kingdom

勤政爱民：to be diligent and love one's people

退位：to give up the throne

帝王宫殿：imperial palace

以……命名：to be named after

历史人物：historic figure

阳历：solar calendar

阴历：lunar calendar

天干：heavenly stem

地支：earthly branch

闰年：leap year