一、词语的选择

分析句子成分之间内在的逻辑关系，在上下文语境中正确理解汉语词语的内涵，同时根据词语在句中的上下文来确定词义，选择译词。如：

1.发展是硬道理。

Development is the absolute principle.

Development is the cardinal principle.

Development is the primary principle.

汉语中的“硬”字对应hard，但这里的“硬”并非与“软”相反，而是具有“最基本的，最重要的”含义，以上三个词都是可以体现该含义的选词，能够强调发展的重要性。

2.瑞金医院拥有雄厚的医疗技术、科研教学和管理方面的力量。

The Ruijin Hospital boasts sophisticated medical technology，well-qualified administration，research and teaching faculties.

“雄厚的力量”直译为strong force与上下文搭配不当。因此“力量”省略未译，“雄厚的”选用了sophisticated和well-qualified来与下文修饰的名词搭配。

3.企业经济效益显著改善。

The economic performance of enterprises improved markedly.

4.生产生活条件明显改善。

Production and living conditions have remarkably improved.

“明显”一般对应obviously，然而obviously强调“清楚、显而易见”，此句中该词有强调程度的作用，所以选用remarkably或markedly更佳。

5.一个国家一定要有稳定的形势，才能把经济建设搞上去。

The stability is essential for the promotion of economic growth in a country.

The economic growth can only be promoted with the stability of the country.

Any country needs a stable environment for its economic growth.

6.中国不搞扩张。

China does not pursue expansion.

7.搞好教师队伍建设。

We need to recruit a strong corps of capable teachers.

8.我们要搞好信息基础网络建设。

We will build information network infrastructure.

汉语中“搞”字用的频率不低，词义较泛，具体翻译时需要译出具体含义。

9.国企和外企的差距正在缩小。

The gap between the state-owned enterprises and the foreign-funded enterprises is narrowing.

英语中“差距”一般选用gap表示出距离，而且difference没有这样的语义。gap加大或缩小要符合英语的搭配习惯，就不能选用bigger，smaller，而需要采用widening，narrowing.

10.低价电脑大潮在将近五个月的时间里刮遍了整个中国。

The trend of low-price computers（selling computers at low prices）has swept across China in about five months.

11.中国加入世贸组织后，人才市场会出现新的潮流。

There will be new trends in the labor market after China's entry into the world Trade Organization（WTO）.

“潮”可以应对“tide”，潮涨潮落这种自然现象中的潮水，或者与潮水相仿的比喻概念中也可以选用该词，如随波逐流（go with the tide），历史的潮流（the tide of history）；而表示趋势和动向英语习惯采用trend.

12.步入新世纪，我国农业出现一派新气象。

At the beginning of the new century，the agriculture in China is taking on a new look.

13.假日经济在我国已经呈现出广阔的发展前景。

The holiday economy promises remarkable growth.

The holiday economy holds great promise of growth.The holiday economy has the prospect of remarkable growth.

14.春节、“五一”和“十一”三个长假期的拉动作用突出。

The influence of the long holidays of the Spring Festival，the Labor's Day and the National Day is prominent.

15.财政收入稳步增长，国家财力进一步增强。

Revenue increased steadily and the State's financial resources grew strongly.

16.大力加强社会主义精神文明建设。

We should vigorously promote socialist cultural and ethic progress.

“精神”一般对应spiritual，但是spiritual具有宗教色彩，与汉语“精神”并不对等，所以译为cultural and ethic progress，含义体现得更为清楚具体。

17.实施科教兴国战略取得新进展。

Fresh progress was made in implementing the strategy of developing the country through science，technology and education.

18.西部大开发取得良好开端。

The development of the western region got off to a good start.

19.技术含量较高的新兴产业所占比重还不大。

The proportion of emerging industries making significant use of technological advances is low.

20.工业生产呈现快速增长。

Fast growth was registered in industrial production.

21.人民代表大会制度是中国的根本政治制度。

The people's congress system is China's fundamental political system.

22.全国人民代表大会是最高国家权力机关。

The National People's Congress（NPC）is the supreme organ of State power.