a.  〔疾病〕慢性的，长期的 ≠ acute

a.  〔问题〕长期的

a.   恶劣的；糟透的

• chronically   ad. 长期地；慢性地；习惯性地

• chronic alcoholic/gambler  长期酗酒/沉迷赌博的人

• a chronic smoker  老烟民

• a chronic worrier  一个老是发愁的人

• chronic poverty  极度贫困

• They include such measures as accountable care organizations to take charge of a patient's needs with an eye on both cost and quality, and chronic disease management to make sure the seriously ill, who are responsible for the bulk of all health care costs, are treated properly. 慢性病管理

• Right now, a billion people are chronically hungry. 长期饥饿

• He was a chronic alcoholic and unable to hold down a job. 他长期酗酒，任何工作都做不久。

• The food was absolutely chronic! 这食物实在糟透了！

BrE /əˌbriːviˈeɪʃn/   

NAmE /əˌbriːviˈeɪʃn/