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旅游英语与翻译实践研究
1.7.2 第二节 译文辨析
第二节 译文辨析

1.The harbor looked most beautiful in its semi-circle of hills and half-lights.The color of a pearl gray and a fairy texture...This Arctic scenery has a beauty which is the exact antithesis of the Christmas card of tradition.Soft, melting halftones.Nothing brittle of garish.

【译文一】海港在小山和半明半暗的灯光形成的半圆中最为美丽,呈现珍珠灰和童话色彩。……这种北极景色的美丽与传统圣诞卡形成鲜明的对比。色彩柔和,一点都不艳丽。

【译文二】只见海港环抱于半圆形小山丛中,煞是好看,朦朦胧胧,一片银灰,宛若仙境。……这北极地区景色之美,同传统的圣诞贺卡形成鲜明对比。可谓浓淡交融,光影柔和,清雅绝俗。

【辨析】对比上面两个译文可以看出,译文一过于直白,译文二使用了比喻(如“宛若仙境”)、拟人(如“环抱于…”)等修辞手法,更符合汉语的表达,迎合中国读者的审美预期,尤其是 pearl gray、fairy texture、soft,melting halftones 和 Nothing brittle of garish 这几部分翻译得生动、形象、工整。四字成语“朦朦胧胧”、“浓淡交融”、“清雅绝俗”等的使用非常符合汉语的表达习惯和语言文字美。

2.With its colorful ethnic mix, rich history and breathtaking architecture, Toronto offers non-stop adventures for the willing tourist.To get a sense of how big, various and magical Toronto is, the best place to start is the CN Tower, the tallest free-standing structure in the world.From this vantage point, visitors get a bird’s-eye-view of the city’s striking skyline and unique geography.

【译文一】这里各民族混合在一起,历史丰富,建筑迷人,多伦多对乐于游览的人来说充满了无限的冒险。要了解多伦多有多大,有多丰富多彩,有多迷人,最好的起点是国家电视塔,这是世界上没有支撑物的最高结构。从这个有利的位置看,游客可以俯瞰城市迷人的轮廓和独特的地理情况。

【译文二】这里各民族水乳交融,文化多姿多彩,历史内涵丰富,建筑蔚为壮观。对迫不及待的游客来说,多伦多是个充满了冒险之旅的城市。要知道多伦多到底有多大,有多丰富多彩,有多少魔幻,理想的观赏点当属国家电视塔。国家电视塔是世界上最高的单体建筑,是俯瞰城市魅力和独特地理景观的理想之地。

【辨析】对比以上两个汉译文不难发现,译文一虽然比较完整地传达了原文的信息,但是没有很好地把握原文的修辞,所以整个译文缺乏宣传的力度,而译文二更好地译出了原文的比喻,并使用了排比和四字成语(如“水乳交融”、“多姿多彩”、“蔚为壮观”、“迫不及待”等),对中文读者来说,这样的译文更符合他们的审美预期,因此译文二能更好地收到宣传的效果。

3.境内怪峰林立,溶洞群布,古木参天,珍禽竞翅,山泉潺潺,云雾缭绕。

【译文一】There are countless strange peaks, clusters of limestone caves,ancient trees as high as the sky, rare and precious birds, flowing mountain springs and clouds like mists floating above you.

【译文二】Inside are strange peaks, limestone caves, rare birds and towering trees, together with spring babbling on the way and mists weathering the mountain tops.

【辨析】本例原文极尽描述之能事,采用了夸张、拟人、排比等修辞手法,注重辞藻的华丽,用字工整对仗,但是,如本章前面所说,汉语中有些夸张如果译到英文就会显得冗余啰唆,同时会让英文读者感到费解,所以这样的词句可以适当省译。对比以上两个译文,我们不难发现,译文一过于拘泥原文,从而出现重复冗余的现象,如countless和clusters、rare和precious属于重复,as high as the sky属于冗余like mists floating above you既没有美感又不太好让人理解,属于“中式英语”。因此,可以感觉出,译文一本来想忠实地传达出原文的修辞手段,但由于没有考虑到英文读者是否接受,所以反而适得其反。译文二则在译出实质信息的同时,恰当地使用了rare、towering、babbling、weathering等词,同时使用名词的复数将“林立”、“群布”等复数概念传达了出来。因此可以说,译文二在再现原文修辞手段的同时保持了译文的简洁。

4.景区内有七星岩,是桂林经典“三山两洞”之一洞,雄伟壮观,气势磅礴,自古以来就有“第一洞天”之美誉,它以那美轮美奂的洞中奇景,诠释了岩溶洞穴的瑰丽。大自然这位独一无二的艺术家,以他巧妙的鬼斧神工,为你雕琢了这似幻似真的奇妙景观,七星岩导游独特的知识讲解,让你感受到的不仅仅是七星岩的美丽……

【译文一】Seven Star Cave in the scenic spot is one of the caves of Guilin classical “Three Hills and Two Caves”,magnificent, marvelous, fantastic and vigorous, named“the Broadest Cave Sky”from the ancient times.It annotates the magnificence of rock and cave by its wondrous and marvelous cave scene.Nature, a unique artist, with his extremely skillful workmanship, elaborately carved wondrous and magnificent Karst scenery for you, like reality, like illusion.Seven Star Tourist Guide whose unique and particular guiding and explanations will make you feel and experience Seven Star Cave: There is not only beauty...

【译文二】The fantastic Seven Star Cave in the scenic zone, one of the classical “Three Hills and Two Caves” in Guilin, has long been reputed as the most wonderful cave in the world.The gorgeous scenery in it,created by the almighty nature, is what one sees in a typical cave of Karst formation.The knowledgeable guide will introduce you not only to the beauty of the cave...

【辨析】本例原文中的“雄伟壮观,气势磅礴”属于夸张手法,但是中文旅游文本中的夸张在英文中比较难以再现,另外,其中“诠释了岩溶洞穴的瑰丽”和“大自然这位独一无二的艺术家,以他巧妙的鬼斧神工,为你雕琢了这似幻似真的奇妙景观”属于拟人,但这些使用拟人手段的表达过于细节化,极具汉语的艺术特点,如果将其直译为英文,就会让英文读者感到迷惑不解,所以鉴于英汉之间的差别,我们应该取译文二,舍弃译文一,因为译文二简洁地再现了原文的信息,适当地使用了repute这一动词和wonderful、gorgeous、almighty、knowledgeable等形容词,而译文一则过于忠实地翻译原文的修辞手段,反而给人一种拖沓、冗长、造作之感。

5.华清池内有一贵妃池,相传是杨贵把当年沐浴的地方。唐代名诗人白居易的《长恨歌》中有“春寒赐浴华清池,温泉水滑洗凝脂”的诗句。

【译文—】Inside the Huachingchih Spring, there is a bathing pool called Kueifeichih which is said to have been the bathing place of Yang Kueifei.The famous poet Po Chu-i of the Tang Dynasty wrote “The Ballad of Endless Woe” which contains the following verses:

“T”was in the chilly springtime

They bathed in Huaching Lake.

And in the tepid waters

The crushed winter slack.”

【译文二】Inside the Huachingchih Spring, there is a bathing pool called Kueifeichih which is said to have been the bathing place of Yang Kueifei,a famous beautiful concubine of an emperor in Tang Dynasty.Po Chu-i,the famous poet in Tang Dynasty, used to sing highly of it.

【辨析】本例原文使用了这一修辞手法,即引用唐代白居易的诗句以衬托所介绍景点的历史意义以及水的清澈,但实际上,直译这一修辞手法会让英文读者感到费解,尤其是中国古代的诗歌译成英文之后就会失去原文的意韵,所以不如将其省译,只是简单地提及唐代诗人白居易曾赞美过这一景点。因此,将以上两个译文进行比较,可以看出,译文二更符合英文读者的接受心理。