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旅游英语与翻译实践研究
1.5.2 第二节 译文辨析
第二节 译文辨析

1.A population center since ancient times, modern Mexico City is one of the most crowded cities in the world, with upwards of 20 million inhabitants.

【译文一】自古以来就是人口中心,现在墨西哥城拥有多2000万人口,世界上最拥挤的城市之一。

【译文二】墨西哥城自古就是人口中心,今天,该城市是世界上人口最多的城市之一,高达2000万。

【辨析】对照以上两个译文后不难看出,第一个译文将A population center since ancient times直译并放在句首,感觉与后半部分不连贯,同时还将with upwards of 20 million inhabitants 这一介词短语提到前面作定语,使得汉语句子冗长拗口。而第二个译文则将“墨西哥”提前,与A population center since ancient times一起译成判断句,后面只使用“该城市”,符合汉语读者的思维习惯和表达习惯,而且with upwards of 20 million inhabitants还放在句子的最后,简洁地译为“高达2000万”。总体说来,译文二多用并列结构,中间均用逗号分开,更符合汉语的特点。

2.If all this isn’t enough, and you want something quirkier, why not come in January for the annual ice canoe race, when five-man/woman teams haul canoes across the ice floes?

【译文一】如果这还不够,且您想来点新奇,那为什么不等到五人一队的赛手划着船穿过浮冰的1月来观看一年一度的冰上船赛?

【译文二】如果这不够刺激,想来点新奇,那就到1月来观看一年一度的冰上船赛吧,届时五人一队的赛手将划着船穿过浮冰。

【辨析】通过比较上述两个译文,我们不难看出,第一个译文将when five-man/woman teams haul canoes across the ice floes这一非限定性的关系译到了汉语句子中的定语位置上,但是从逻辑上和可读性上来说非常别扭、拗口,实际上这一关系从句本身放在最后就是用来补充说明的,所以译成汉语时应该像译文二那样,将之放在最后,变成与前面并列的结构,同时添加“届时”与前面保持连贯。另外,原文使用了why not...来唤起读者的行动,比较有说服力,但是汉语如果像译文一那样将之直译为问句,显得过于冗长,不如像译文二那样根据原文暗含的祈使句语气改译为祈使句。总之,可以说,无论是从句式结构上还是从语气上,译文二要比译文一通顺的多,说服力更强,符合汉语旅游文本的特点。

3.A fascinating city between sea and sky, like Venus rising from the waves, Venice welcomes tourists from the five continents drawn to her by the charm of her water and pellucid light, free from all dust and cooled by the sea breeze.She also offers the intellectual pleasures to be derived from her masterpieces which mark the meeting of East and West.

【译文一】威尼斯是一座海天之间的迷人城市,就像维纳斯从波浪上升起。威尼斯欢迎五大洲的游客感受她那迷人的波光水色,这里没有灰尘,只有清凉的海风。威尼斯还会给游客以集东西方艺术之大成的杰作带来的精神享受。

【译文二】威尼斯水城海天相连,景色宜人,宛如碧波中站起的维纳斯,吸引着五湖四海的游客。她水景旖旎,波光澄澈,清风袭面,荡去你心中的不快与烦恼。而城中集东西方艺术之大成的艺术杰作更让人心旷神怡。

【辨析】这里的原文写得非常生动形象,也符合英语的句式结构,即主谓结构。译文一虽然传达了原文的意思,但过于拘泥于原文的主谓结构,而就中文读者的审美预期而言却不算好的译文,译文二则根据汉语的特点使用了几个“话题—评述”结构,即“名词+形容词”的结构,如“景色宜人”、“水景旖旎”、“波光澄澈”,这样的结构使得表达更形象,更具美感。当然细心的读者还会发现相对于译文一而言,译文二在其他用词上也做了一定的调整,因此总体说来,译文二作为旅游宣传更为可取。

4.崂山,林木苍翠,繁花似锦,到处生机盎然,春天绿芽红花,夏日浓荫蔽日,秋天遍谷金黄,严冬则玉树琼花。其中,更不乏古树名木。景区内,古树名木有近300株,50%以上为国家一类保护植物,著名的有银杏、桧柏等。

【译文一】Trees on the Laoshan Mountain are green and flowers are beautiful.Everything there is lively, with green leaves and red flowers in spring,tree shade in summer, golden yellow in autumn and snow in winter.There are also many famous trees there, totally nearly 300,50% of which are top-level protected ones, including gingko and cypress.

【译文二】Laoshan Scenic Area is thickly covered with trees and flowers,colorful in spring, cool in summer, golden in autumn and white in winter.Many old trees add to its beautiful scenery.Among them are over 300 rare ones, half of which are under top-level protection, including gingko and cypress.

【辨析】原文从开头到“严冬则玉树琼花”均属于“话题—评述结构”,译文一将其直译,使用动词be,读起来给人一种“中式英语”之感。译文二则将第一部分简化,符合本书第二章所讲的翻译策略,因为中文中一些“极尽描述之能事”的词语在英文中无法找到对应的译文,而且勉强翻译过去反倒让英文读者感到虚夸,所以只保留原文的信息,在此基础上稍作修饰即可。另外,整个话题—评述结构变成主谓结构,使用be covered with,既生动又更符合英语的表达习惯。因此,总体看来,译文二比译文一更地道。

5.青湖,湖面有一小岛,岛上成团成簇植栽桃树,故名桃花岛。桃花岛绿荫满地,桃红柳绿,桃花纤巧妖媚,杨柳婀娜多姿,春雨霏霏,好一副“桃红春雨”图。步入岛中,仿佛置身人间仙境。

【译文一】There is an islet on the Qinghu Lake, named the Peach Islet because of so many peach trees there.The Islet is covered with green.Peach flowers are red and beautiful and willows are graceful, with frequent spring rain.All these form into a picture of“Peach Flowers and Spring Rain”.To be on the Islet is like staying in a fairyland on the earth.

【译文二】On the Qinghu Lake is an islet named the Peach Islet, for there are so many peach trees there.Beautiful peach flowers,graceful willows and frequent spring drizzle form into a fascinating picture.Standing on the Islet, you will feel as if you were in a fairyland.

【辨析】原文中的“桃花岛绿荫满地,桃红柳绿,桃花纤巧妩媚,杨柳婀娜多姿,春雨霏霏”这一部分属于“话题—评述”结构,最后一部分“步入岛中,仿佛置身人间仙境”属于无主句,“话题—评述”结构如果像译文一那样直译,就会给人冗长拖沓之感,而且属于“中式英语”,无主句部分的原文描述了一种“身临其境”的感觉,如果像译文一那样译的非常客观,就不会拉近与读者的距离。而译文二对上面所述的这些结构做了比较合理的调整,如“话题—评述”部分没有直译,而是前后分句,前面使用倒装句,比较生动,后面的部分合并,简洁又不乏美感。最后的无主句部分根据原文的语气添加了主语you。所以说,译文二比译文一可取。

6.千百年来,无数的先贤逸士,文人墨客,辉子道侣,富豪政客,纷至沓来,投身于这座奇秀大山的怀抱,在这幅美妙的自然画卷上,留下了浓墨重彩的一笔又一笔,充分展示着他们对美的意蕴的追求,把那巧夺天工的亭台楼阁,宏大壮观的梅院寺观,精巧奇妙的祠塔桥榭,风格避异的中外别墅,镶嵌在这奇山秀水当中,与自然景观交相辉映,互为表里,构架形成了一道独具魅力的亮而风景线。

【译文一】For thousands of years, many scholars, monks, politicians,and millionaires have been to the magnificent mountain and leave their traces on this fascinating natural picture, showing their pursuit of beauty by erecting magnificent pavilions, splendid temples, elaborated bridges and unique villas here, which form a unique landscape with nature,including the marvelous mountain and water.

【译文二】For thousands of years, celebrities from all walks of life have visited this mountain, adding myth and nimbus to this natural wonder by erecting magnificent pavilions,temples, bridges and villas.These man-made remains and the marvelous mountain and water interweave with each other into a fascinating picture.

【辨析】原文共计174字,实际上是一句话,可谓汉语的一个长句。译文一将之直译为一个长句,而且尽可能将所有的词译出(比如magnificent和splendid意思就是重复),显得拖沓冗长。译文二则将之拆译为两句并适当省译一些词,尤其是有些重复的描述类词汇,这样从选词和句式结构两方面更符合英语的特点,即在传达原文实质信息的前提下稍加修饰,句式并不很长,能起到宣传的效果。因此,可以说译文二比译文一可取。