1
梦回西安
1.4.1.4 1.4 三号坑 Pit 3
1.4 三号坑 Pit 3

三号坑在二号坑以西、一号坑以北25米的地方,平面呈凹字形,面积为520平方米,仅有4马1车和68个陶俑。它的东边是一条长11.2米,宽3.7米的斜坡门道;与门道相对应的为一个车马房,车马房两侧各有一个东西向厢房。三号坑共出土陶俑68件。这些陶俑的编组与排列与一号坑和二号坑不同:一号坑和二号坑内的陶俑都是按作战队形排列,而三号坑内的武士则是环绕坑壁面朝里相向夹道式排列。三号坑内武士俑所持兵器也与一号坑和二号坑内的武士不同,后者配备的有远射程弓弩,近距离格斗的矛、戈、钺、剑等;而三号坑内只发现了一种无刃兵器叫做铜殳。铜殳在秦代是一种专门用于仪仗的兵器。在北厢房内还发现残鹿角1件,动物朽骨1堆,可能此处是专供战前占卜或祷战活动的场所。通观三号坑整个布局,它可能是整个地下军阵的指挥部即军幕。

Pit 3is located 25 meters to the north of Pit 1

and to the west of Pit 2.The plane of the pit is of concave shape.It totals about 520square meters in area.One chariot,four terracotta horses and 68 clay armored warriors were unearthed from the pit. To its east there is a sloping entrance,11.2 meters long,3.7 meters wide,opposite from it is a sta ble.On both sides of the stable,there is a room. Sixty-eight terracotta figures were unearthed from them.The arrangement of the terracotta figures is quite different from that in Pit 1 and Pit 2,in which the warriors are placed in battle formation.Those in Pit 3 are arrayed opposite to each other along the walls,in two rows.Even the wea-pons held by the warriors in Pits 3 are different from those in Pit 1 and Pit 2.The latter were armed with long-range cross bows and bows and short weapons such as spears,barbed spears,swords and axes.Only one kind of weapon called a“shu”was discovered in Pit 3.This kind of weapon had no blades and is believed to have been used by the guards of honor.Unearthed also in this pit were a deer-horn and animal bones.This is probably the place where sacrificial offerings and war prayers were practiced.Judging by the layout of Pit 3,this is most likely the headquarters direc ting the mighty underground army.