一号坑平面呈长方形，东西长230米，南北宽62米，深5米，总面积14 260平方米，为坑道式土木建筑结构。坑东西两端各有斜坡门道5个，坑道内有10道2.5米宽的夯土隔墙，隔墙上架着粗大的横梁。横梁上铺有芦席、细泥和填土，底部以青砖墁铺。

一号坑兵马俑按实战军阵排列。俑坑的东端是一个长廊，站着三排面向东的战袍武士俑，每排70件，共210件。他们手持弓弩，是一号坑军阵的前锋部队。长廊南边有一排面向南的武士俑，是右翼；北边有一排面向北的武士俑，是左翼；西头有一列面向西的武士俑，是后卫。他们手执弓弩等远射兵器，担任整个军阵的警戒任务。在10道隔墙隔开的11个过洞里排列着28路面向东的纵队，每路中间都排列有驷马战车。陶俑全部身披铠甲，手执长兵器。他们是一号坑的主力部队。一号坑共有27个探方。根据每个探方里兵马俑排列的密度推算，全部发掘后可出土兵马俑6 000余件，其中以步兵居多。

Pit 1is an oblong shape.It is 230 meters long，62 meters wide and 5 meters deep.It covers an area of 14 260 square meters.It is an earth－andwood structure in the shape of a tunnel.There are five sloping entrances on the eastern and western sides respectively.Inside the pit are ten earthrammed partition walls，across which huge and strong rafters were placed.The rafters were covered with mats and fine earth.The floor was paved with bricks.

The terracotta warriors and horses in Pit 1 were arrayed in battle formation.In the long corridor to the east end of the pit stand three rows of terracotta warriors facing east in battle robes，70in each，to taling 210 altogether.Armed with bows and ar rows，they constitute the vanguard.There is one row of warriors in the south，north and west of the corridor respectively，facing outward.They were probably the flanks and the rear guard.Holding crossbows and arrows and other long－distance shoot ing weapons，they had the job of defending the whole army.Ten rammed partition walls divide Pit 1into 11 latitudinal corridors where stand 28 columns of war riors facing east with horse－drawn chariots in the center.The warriors，clad in armor and armed with long－shaft weapons，were probably the main body of the formation and represented the principal force.There are altogether 27 trail trenches.Ac cording to the density of the formation in each trial，it is assumed that more than 6 000terracotta warri ors and horses could be unearthed from Pit 1，most of which are infantrymen.