长期投资和流动资产一样是能够变现的资产。但是其变现不是在一年或超过一年的营业周期内，而且长期投资一般不用于企业内的使用或耗费。这类资产经常被称作“投资”，一般是指其他公司的股票和债券。

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Accelerated Depreciation

Accelerated depreciation is the recognition of greater amounts of depreciation in the early years of use of the plant asset and reduced amounts in later years.Accelerated depreciation is automatically recognized with the units of production method，since this method recognizes that use may be greater in the early years of the asset.Some assets may not be appropriately depreciated using the units of production or the straight-line method，if a greater amount of depreciation should be recognized in the early years.

An automobile used in business might normally be depreciated using the straightline method，and yet this method may not adequately reflect the use made of the automobile.If the productivity of the automobile is greater in its earlier years of use，a form of accelerated depreciation should be used.For many plant assets，maintenance and repair costs increase the longer the asset is kept in service.An automobile may not be subject to repair charges within the first 2 or 3 years of its use，but it can be expected to incur greater repair costs as the years progress.When accelerated depreciation in the earlier years and lower depreciation in the later years are recognized，the later maintenance and repair costs tend to equalize the overall cost recognition for the asset being depreciated.This philosophy is consistent with the basic accounting concept of matching costs and revenue.