全屏显示专题章节

The trial balance is a list of the account titles in the ledger with their respective debit and credit balances.It is prepared at the close of an accounting period after transactions have been recorded.The aim to prepare the trial balance is to verify clerical accuracy and to prepare financial statements.The trial balance is usually a two-column schedule listing the names and balances of all the accounts，which appear in the ledger.The debit balances are listed in the left-hand column and the credit balances in the right-hand column.Since equal dollar amount of debits and credits are entered in the accounts for every transaction recorded，the sum of all the debits in the ledger must be equal to the sum of all the credits.That is to say，the totals of the columns should be agreed.

The summary of the transactions for GRF Company and their effect on the accounts is shown below in Table 3-4.The trial balance is then taken.

1.Accounting cycle is an accounting procedures of recording transactions，which is repeated in the same order during each accounting period.会计循环是指记录交易的会计程序，在每一个会计期间会计循环都按照相同的顺序重复进行。该句为主从复合句。主句为主系表结构，并带有一个由关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，which在从句中作主语。

2.To record the entire effects of a business transaction in a journal in terms of debit and credit，the process is referred as to making a journal entry or journalizing.为了在日记账中按照借方和贷方完整地记录经济业务，记账的过程被称为编制日记账分录或编制分录。该句为简单句。不定式短语To record the entire effects作目的状语。

3.A general journal is a document in which are recorded the date of the transaction，the accounts to be debited and credited，the amounts of the debit and credit entries and an explanation of each transaction.普通日记账记录了业务发生的时间、借方和贷方的账户名称、借贷方的金额以及每笔业务的摘要说明。该句为主从复合句。主句为主系表结构，其表语a document带有一个结构为“介词+关系从句”的定语从句;在这个定语从句中，有四个并列的主语，而谓语部分又太短，为避免头重脚轻，形成倒装。若按正常语序，定语从句应为in which the date of the transaction，the accounts to be debited and credited，the amounts of the debit and credit entries and an explanation of each transaction are recorded。

4.The first rule is that for each account all increases are recorded in one side of the account and all decreases are recorded in the other side of the account.第一条规则是每一个账户的一方记录增加额，另一方记录减少额。该句为主从复合句。主句为主系表结构，其表语成分是that引导的从句，并由and连接两个并列句，一起作is的表语。

5.In order to reflect the realistic net income of a business based on the accrual-basis accounting，all revenues earned and all expenses incurred during the same period must be reported regardless whether cash relating to revenues or expenses is received or paid in accordance with the realization principle and the matching principle.为了真实地反映权责发生制会计基础下企业的净收益，应按照实现原则和配比原则记录在同一会计期间所取得的收入和发生的费用，而不管这些收入或费用是否在本期收到或支付现金。该句为主从复合句。其核心主谓结构为All revenues and all expenses must be reported。句首的不定式短语起目的状语作用，修饰整个主句。主句的主谓结构之后带有一个由whetheror引导的让步状语从句。该句中的regardless是副词，意为“不管怎样”，修饰其后的让步状语从句。

6.At the end of each accounting period，an adjusting entry is made to record the portion of the outlay that has expired during the period or that has benefited the period.在每一个会计期末，需要通过调整分录来记录在某项支出中已在本期耗去或已使本期受益的部分。该句为主从复合句。an adjusting entry is made to record the portion of the outlay是主句，属主谓宾结构，其宾语the portion of the outlay带有两个由关系代词引导的定语从句，两个that在从句中都作主语。

7.An expense may be incurred in the current accounting period even though no bill has yet been received and payment will not occur until a future period.一项费用可能已在当前的会计期间内发生，即使并未收到与此相关的单据，与该项费用相关的支出也要到未来期间才真正发生。该句为主从复合句。主句为An expense may be incurred in the current accounting period，由even though引导的是让步状语从句，并由and连接两个并列句，一起作状语，修饰其主句。

8.The trial balance is usually a two-column schedule listing the names and balances of all the accounts，which appear in the ledger.试算平衡表通常是两栏式的表格，分别显示分类账中的所有会计科目及其余额。该句为主从复合句。主句为主系表结构，现在分词短语listing the names作状语，而该分词短语中，又带有一个由关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语。

9.Since equal dollar amount of debits and credits are entered in the accounts for every transaction recorded，the sum of all the debits in the ledger must be equal to the sum of all the credits.因为每笔业务的账务处理都遵循借贷平衡的原则，所以分类账中所有科目的借方余额之和必然等于贷方余额之和。该句为主从复合句。由since引导的是一个原因状语从句，主句是the sum of all the debitsmust be equal to the sum of all the credits，属主谓宾结构。

1.Answer the following questions to test your understanding of T-account.

(a)What is the left side of the ledger account known as?

(b)What is the right side of the ledger account called?

(c)On which side of the account are the beginning balances for assets shown?

(d)On which side of the account do we show increases in assets?

(e)On which side of the account do we show the beginning balances for the proprietor's permanent capital and all liabilities?

(f)On which side of the account do we show increases in the value of the various liabilities and the proprietor's permanent capital?

(g)Where are decreases in the values of assets，liabilities，and proprietor's permanent capital recorded in the account?

(h)What does the term“Balance”refer to?

(i)What does the term“Double Entry”mean?

(j)What document may assist us in remembering where to record the beginning balance for an item?

(k)How may we determine the balance in a ledger account after transactions have been recorded in it?

2.Classify each of the following statements as True or False.

(a)An increase in permanent capital is recorded as a credit to the account.

(b)The basic concept of double-entry accounting is that total debits must equal total credits for every business transaction.

(c)Dollar signs are used in the amount areas of the ledger accounts.

(d)A trial balance represents a listing of the ledger accounts and balances at a particular moment in time.

(e)If the trial balance shows that the ledger is in balance，this means that the individual business transactions were recorded to the appropriate ledger accounts.

(f)The ledger account provides a chronological order of transactions.

(g)Every business transaction is first recorded in the journal.

(h)Post reference columns are found only in the journal，not in the ledger.

3.Translate the following terms into Chinese.

(5)business transaction

(6)chart of accounts

1.Sheila Tone，the accountant for the Riverdale Insurance Agency，found the following balances in the ledger accounts as of February 28 of the current year:

Prepare a trial balance dated February 28 of the current year.List the above accounts on the trial balance in the order that they would normally be found in the ledger.

2.Set up the T-accounts and record business transactions.

(1)Smith deposited$70，000 cash in a bank account in Smith's company.

(2)Bought equipment，paying cash，$43，000.

(3)Bought equipment on account from Office max，$10，000.

3.Record the following business transactions in the general journal of Cruz Auto Detail.

June 1　Cruz invests$70，000 cash in her new business.

2　Buys equipment costing$43，000，paying cash.

3　Buys equipment costing$7，000 on credit from Williams Auto Supply.

4　Pays$2，000 to Williams Auto Supply，to be applied against the firm's Liability of$7，000.

4　Buys buffer pads，cleaners，and waxes on account from Rossi and Company，$800.

7　Cash revenue received，$3，520.

8　Pays rent for the month，$900.

10　Pays for a one-year vehicle insurance policy，$360.

14　Receives bill for newspaper advertising from Valley News，$400.

15　Cruz Auto Detail signed a contract with Costello Taxi to perform detailing work and then bills Costello Taxi$1，050 for services performed.

15　Pays$2，000 to Williams Auto Supply as part payment on account.

18　Receives and pays bill for utilities from Midwest Power，Inc.，$160.

20　Pays Valley News for advertising，$400 in full.(This bill has been previously recorded)

24　Pays wages of part-time employee，$1，400.

26　Buys additional equipment costing$1，500 from Williams Auto supply，paying$600 down with the remaining$900 on account.

30　Receives$850 from Costello Taxi to apply on amount previously billed.

30　Cash revenue received，$2，700.

30　Cruz withdraws cash for personal use，$3，000.

4.Prepare a trial balance dated June 30 of the current year for Cruz Auto Detail.

5.At the end of June，company need make adjustment as follows:

(1)To record the cost of supplies used during June，$540.

(2)To record the insurance expired during June，$30.

(3)To record the depreciation for the month of June，$520.

(4)To record accrued wages owned at the end of June，$290.

Record the transactions in the general journal.

6.Prepare an adjusted trial balance dated June 30 of the current year for Cruz Auto Detail.