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1 book
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2 grammar
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Guessing the Meaning of Unknown Words in Context
阅读中我们不可避免地会遇到一些生词,如果我们能掌握一些根据上下文猜测词义的技能,无疑会有助于提高我们的阅读速度。例如,假定你不认识下面句子中knack这个词,根据上下文也可以猜测它的含义:
Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules of grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others.
从这个词的上下文,即:有些人似乎具有一种学习语言的knack,他们比别人(没有这种学习语言的knack的人)能更快地学会新的词汇、掌握语法规则、学会用新学的语言写作,我们就可以猜到knack的大致意思:knack = natural skill or ability。
我们还可以利用上下文中的同义词、反义词、上义词和下义词关系,或利用上下文中的举例、解释、描述、定义等猜测生词的词义。请看下面的例句:
I had been young, healthy, and smug. She had been old, sick, and desperate. Wishing with all my heart that I had acted like a human being rather than a robot, I was saddened to realize how fragile a hold we have on our better instincts.
如果你把I和She两种截然不同的状况作对比,你就能猜出smug的大致词义: young — old;healthy — sick;smug( 自鸣得意的) — desperate( 绝望的)。
同样,要猜测下面句子中passionate的词义,你可以利用上文中的do not despair。
Similarly, not everyone is the enthusiastic type that falls in love with their work. However, do not despair, there are ways to become more passionate.
再看下面的句子:
The initial training period, the first six weeks, is the hardest.
借助于对the first six weeks的理解,我们可以猜测出initial的词义:initial = first; happening at the beginning。
13.Choose the right answer by guessing the meaning of each of the underlined words.

