《论语》
《论语》是孔子及其弟子的语录结集,涵盖了中国哲学家孔子及其弟子的言论与思想,由孔子弟子及再传弟子编写而成,至战国前期成书,是儒家学派的经典著作之一。全书以语录体为主,集中体现了孔子的政治主张、伦理思想、道德观念及教育原则等,是中国古代典籍“四书”之一。两千年来,《论语》受到广泛研读,持续影响着中国乃至整个东亚的思想和价值观。
本书包括535个单句。
Analects
The Analects (literally: "Edited Conversations")also known as the Analects of Confucius, is a collection of sayings and ideas attributed to the Chinese philosopher Confucius and his contemporaries, traditionally believed to have been compiled and written by Confucius' followers. It is believed to achieve its final form in the early Warring States period (475–221 BC). The Analects is a work of quotation expounding Confucius' views on political propositions, ethical thoughts, morality concepts and educational principles. It was recognized as one of the "Four Books". The Analects has been one of the most widely read and studied books in China for the last 2,000 years, and continues to have a substantial influence on Chinese and East Asian thought and values today.
作 者
孔子
孔子(公元前551年―公元前479年) ,春秋末期鲁国人。孔子是中国古代著名教育家、文学家、政治家、思想家,他倡导仁、义、礼、智、信,是儒家学派创始人,并于晚年修订“五经”。孔子的主张与中国许多传统信仰相通,他在祭祖、长幼关系、夫妻关系、家国关系等众多方面都提出了看法,并提出了著名的人际交往黄金法则“己所不欲,勿施于人”。孔子是历史上对“人道”影响极为深远的人之一。他的哲学与教义,如今仍深刻地影响着人们的生活。
Confucius
Confucius (551–479 BC) was a Chinese teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history. The philosophy of Confucius, also known as Confucianism, emphasized personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice and sincerity. Confucius was traditionally credited with having authored or edited many of the Chinese classic texts including all of the Five Classics. Confucius's principles had commonality with Chinese tradition and belief. He championed strong family loyalty, ancestor veneration, and respect of elders by their children and of husbands by their wives, recommending family as a basis for ideal government. He espoused the well-known principle "Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself", the Golden Rule.
Throughout history, Confucius was widely considered as one of the most important and influential individuals in affecting the lives of humanity. His teaching and philosophy greatly impacted people around the world and still linger in today's society.
《易经》
《周易》为儒家重要经典之一,又称《易经》,包括经和传两部分。《经》主要是六十四卦和三百八十四爻,卦和爻各有说明(卦辞、爻辞),作为占卜之用。《传》包含解释卦辞和爻辞的七种文辞共十篇,统称《十翼》。《周易》是中国传统思想文化中自然哲学与人文实践的理论根源,是古代汉民族思想、智慧的结晶,被誉为“大道之源”,是华夏传统文化的杰出代表,亦是中华文明的源头活水。《周易》囊括了天文、地理、军事、科学、文学、农学等丰富的知识内容,对中国几千年来的政治、经济、文化等各个领域都产生了极其深刻的影响,为易、诗、书、礼、乐、春秋群经之首,设教之书,在我国文化史上享有崇高的地位。
本书包括299个单句。
The Book of changes is one of the important Confucian classics, also known as the Book of changes, including two parts: classics and biographies. "Jing" is mainly 64 hexagrams and 384 lines, hexagrams and lines have their own instructions (hexagrams, lines), as the use of divination. "Biography" contains seven kinds of words explaining hexagrams and lines, collectively known as "Ten wings". The Book of changes is the theoretical root of natural philosophy and humanistic practice in Chinese traditional ideology and culture, the crystallization of ancient Han thought and wisdom, known as the "source of the road", and an outstanding representative of Chinese traditional culture. It is also the source of Chinese civilization. The Book of changes includes a wealth of knowledge, such as astronomy, geography, military, science, literature, agriculture, and so on, and has had an extremely profound impact on China's political, economic, cultural, and other fields for thousands of years. For the Yi, poetry, books, etiquette, music, Spring and Autumn group of the first, set up the book of education, in the cultural history of our country enjoys a high position.
作 者
《周易》一书由经和传两部分组成。“经”的部分据说是周文王被囚羑里的时候演绎出来的。“传”的部分在历史上相当长的一段时期认为是孔子所作。实际上,“经”中卦爻辞的内容多有涉及殷商晚期和西周前期的社会生活内容,“传”中的思想内容和语言风格显示从春秋到战国时期的特 征和风采。作者自然也就不可能是一两个人,而是许多人在长期历史文化累积基础上不断收集、整理、解说和编纂而成的。
The Zhou Book of Change consists of two parts: the text and the appendices, It was said that King Wen of the Zhou dynasty adapted materials into and edited the text when he was imprisoned at Youli and Confucius wrote the appendices, which people took for granted for a long time in history. In fact,the hexagram and linear judgments in the text told more than anything and the thought and the language styles of the appendices manifested more characteristics and literary grace of the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States periods. Of course, it was impossible for one or two persons but for many people on the basis of the long historical and cultural accumulation to have completed the book by collecting, sorting out, explaining and editing the materials.
《诗经》
《诗经》是中国最早的诗歌总集。《诗经》原本叫《诗》,共有诗歌305首(另外还有6篇有题目无内容,即有目无辭,称为笙诗),因此又称“诗三百”。从汉朝起儒家将其奉为经典,因此称为《诗经》。西汉时,有鲁诗、齐诗、韩诗三家,置博士,为官学。后毛亨、毛苌曾注释《诗经》,因此又称《毛诗》,逐渐成为显学。后三家诗多湮没无闻,独毛诗完存。《诗经》中的诗的作者绝大部分已经无法考证。
本书包括307个单句。
Shi Jing is the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry, translated variously as the Classic of Poetry, the Book of Songs or the Book of Odes, is the earliest existing collection of Chinese poems. It comprises 305 poems, some possibly written as early as 1000 BC. The Confucian tradition holds that the collection, one of the Wu Jing, or Five Classics, came to what we have today after the editing of Confucius. The poems are written in four-character lines. The airs are in the style of folk songs, although the extent to which they are real folk songs or literary imitations is debated. The odes deal with matters of court and historical subjects, while the hymns blend history, myth and religious material.
作 者
《诗经》的作者佚名,绝大部分已经无法考证,传为尹吉甫采集、孔子编订。
The She King does not specify the names of authors in association with the contained works. However, it was said to have been collected by Yin Jifu, a minister in Zhou dynasty, and have been compiled by Confucius.
《中庸》
《中庸》是儒家经典的《四书》之一。原是《小戴礼记》第三十一篇,作者现学术界普遍认为是子思及其弟子多人所作。也有学者认为可能是由儒家学者在战国写成。宋朝学者对《中庸》非常推崇,而将其从《礼记》中抽出独立成书,朱熹则将其与《论语》、《孟子》、《大学》合编为《四书》。《中庸》在字面上的解释即是“中道及常理”之意。而执中又当求“中和”,在一个人还没有表现出喜怒哀乐时的平静情绪为“中”,表现出情绪之后经过调整而符合常理为“和”。其主旨在于修养人性。
本书包括208个单句。
The Doctrine of the Mean is one of the four classics of the Confucian classics. Originally the thirty-first article of "Little Dai Li Ji", the author is generally considered by the academic community to be made by many people and their disciples. Some scholars believe that it may have been written by Confucian scholars in the Warring States. Scholars of the Song Dynasty highly praised the Doctrine of the Mean, and extracted it from the Book of Rites, and Zhu Xi co-edited it with The Analects of Confucius, Mencius and University. The literal interpretation of "The Doctrine of the Mean" is the meaning of "middle way and common sense." In the middle of the process, he also seeks "neutralization". When a person has not shown the emotions of emotions, he is "middle". After expressing emotions, he is adjusted to conform to common sense as "harmony." Its main purpose is to cultivate humanity.
作 者
子思,春秋战国之际儒家学派的主要代表人物之一,历史上称之为“述圣”,他开创的学派被称为“子思之儒”,与孟子并称为思孟学派。其主要作品有《汉书·艺文志》著录《子思》二十三篇,已佚。
Zi Si, one of the main representatives of the Confucian school in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, was called "Sacred" in history. The school he founded was called "Confucianism of Zi Si", and Mencius was called the Simmon School. His main works include Yiwen Zhi from Hanshu, which recorded twenty-three articles of "Zi Si".