2. 按照操作步骤完成实操。学习平台中的动画、微课视频可以帮助你完成操作。你还可以通过与平台中的AI对话，解决你的问题。
3. 小组协作反复练习，达到熟练、规范、正确操作的程度。
⭐ 换电技术 Power replacement technology
为了解决新能源用户在使用车辆过程中遇到的电池老化、维修保养、充电速度慢、充电桩难寻等一系列问题，有些车企如蔚来、广汽与北汽已经提出了一个解决方案——换电。当用户的车辆所剩电量不多时，将车辆开到指定的换电站，由工作人员操作机器设备将车辆底部的电池取下，再换上一块已经充满电的电池上去，整个过程非常简单。换电模式的采用，使得电动汽车“充满电”的时间和燃油车加满油相差无几。同时因为电池被设计成可拆卸式的，理论上来说随着电池技术的发展，可以升级成能量密度更高的新款，于是这些车主就可以源源不断地使用到更新、行驶距离更远的电池，也就不再担心电池损耗的问题。那么，如此具有优势的模式，为什么大部分车企没有采用呢？第一个原因是成本较高。换电站虽然方便快捷，但也代表着高昂的建设成本。以蔚来为例，一个换电站的建设成本高达百万，同时还需要考虑人员、场地租金、日常消耗等一系列的开支。
In order to solve a series of problems encountered by new energy users in the process of using vehicles such as battery aging, maintenance, slow charging speed, and difficult to find charging piles, some car companies such as WEilai, GAC and BAIC have proposed a solution - electricity replacement. When the user's vehicle has little power left, the vehicle will be driven to the designated change station, the staff will operate the machine equipment to remove the battery at the bottom of the vehicle, and then replace it with a fully charged battery, the whole process is very simple. The adoption of the power change mode makes the time for electric vehicles to be "fully charged" almost the same as that for fuel vehicles to fill up. At the same time, because the battery is designed to be detachable, in theory, with the development of battery technology, it can be upgraded to a new model with higher energy density, so these owners can continue to use the newer, farther away battery, and no longer worry about the problem of battery loss. So, why have most car companies not adopted such an advantageous model? The first reason is the high cost. Although it is convenient and quick to change power stations, it also represents high construction costs. Taking NIO as an example, the construction cost of a power station is as high as millions, and a series of expenses such as personnel, site rent, and daily consumption need to be considered.
另一个原因是换电技术的运用也面临着标准不统一的问题。由于不同车企不同车型的客观原因，目前国家还未出台统一的电池标准，导致现在换电模式只能由车企自己投资发展，很难在国家的支持下在全行业内普遍运用，这一定程度上限制了换电模式的发展。作为全球最大的电动汽车市场，中国一直在努力发展换电技术。例如，北汽现已在全国15个城市拥有187个电池交换站，可支持16,000辆电动出租车的充电需求。它们始终坚持的理念是：无论是向出租车、网约车领域开放，还是向私人市场开放，换电模式背后的意义都是“共享”。
Another reason is that the use of power change technology is also facing the problem of inconsistent standards. Due to the objective reasons of different car companies and different models, the current state has not issued a unified battery standard, resulting in the current power change mode can only be invested by the car companies themselves, and it is difficult to be widely used in the industry with the support of the state, which limits the development of the power change mode to a certain extent. As the world's largest market for electric vehicles, China has been working hard to develop replacement technology. Baic, for example, now has 187 battery exchange stations in 15 cities across the country, which can support the charging needs of 16,000 electric taxis. The idea they always adhere to is: whether it is open to the taxi, the online car field, or the private market, the meaning behind the power change model is "sharing".
⭐“光储充一体化”充电站 "Integrated optical storage and charging" charging station
光储充一体化充电站，是一套低碳、高效、安全、清洁的现代能源体系。它的工作原理是利用光伏发电，余电由储能设备存储，二者共同承担供电任务。日常，光储充一体化项目可以满足站内车辆的充电，解决了新能源汽车充电站配电容量不足的问题，弥补了太阳能发电不连续性的不足，是一种可持续发展的能源利用方式。
The integrated optical storage and charging station is a set of low-carbon, efficient, safe and clean modern energy system. Its working principle is to use photovoltaic power generation, the remaining power is stored by energy storage equipment, and the two jointly undertake the power supply task. Daily, the optical storage and charging integration project can meet the charging of vehicles in the station, solve the problem of insufficient distribution capacity of new energy vehicle charging stations, make up for the lack of solar power generation discontinuity, and is a sustainable development of energy utilization.
该充电站车棚顶部铺设光伏组件，实现棚上发电，棚下充电，光伏设计总容量为69.85kW，储能电池容量为60kWh，可根据用电需求与公共电网智能互动，“自发自用，余电存储”，在实现综合能源的高效利用的同时，也缓解了充电桩大电流充电时对区域电网的冲击。该充电站使用后，光伏首年发电量为7.33万度，每年可减少二氧化碳排放57.07吨，对于当地节能减排具有强有力的示范效应，作为绿色经济的一种新尝试，“光储充一体化充电站”具有广阔的发展前景。
The charging station is equipped with photovoltaic modules on the top of the shed to achieve power generation on the shed and charging under the shed. The total photovoltaic design capacity is 69.85kW, and the energy storage battery capacity is 60kWh. It can intelligently interact with the public grid according to the electricity demand, "self-use, surplus power storage", and realize the efficient utilization of comprehensive energy at the same time. It also alleviates the impact of high current charging pile on regional power grid. After the use of the charging station, the photovoltaic power generation of the first year is 73,300 degrees, and the annual carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by 57.07 tons, which has a strong demonstration effect for local energy conservation and emission reduction, as a new attempt of green economy, "optical storage and charging integrated charging station" has broad development prospects.
