The dietary structure of Chinese residents is as follows:

(1) Food sources of dietary energy. The dietary structure of the majority of the Chinese population still remains primarily plant-based, with cereal foods being the main source of energy, accounting for 51.5%.

(2) Protein sources. On average, protein sources for Chinese residents come from cereals, animal-based foods, and soybeans in proportions of 46.9%, 35.2%, and 5.9% respectively.

(3) Fat sources. On average, fat sources for Chinese residents come from plant-based foods and animal-based foods in proportions of 61.4% and 38.6% respectively.

(4) Sources of the three major nutrients. On average, the daily energy intake for Chinese residents comes from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in proportions of 53.4%, 34.6%, and 12.0% respectively.

The Monitoring of Major Chronic Diseases Among Chinese Residents:

Chronic diseases pose a serious threat to the health of Chinese residents, with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes accounting for over 70% of the total disease burden.

1) Key Chronic Disease Incidence Among Chinese Residents:

According to the "Report on Nutrition and Chronic Disease Status of Chinese Residents (2020)," the incidence of chronic diseases in China is on the rise. The rates of hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer have increased compared to 2015.

 2) Key Chronic Disease Mortality Among Chinese Residents:

In 2019, the mortality rate from chronic diseases among Chinese residents was 685.0 per 100,000, accounting for 88.5% of the total deaths. The top three causes of death were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases, accounting for 80.7%.

As the quality of life and healthcare levels continue to improve, the average life expectancy in China reached 78.2 years in 2021, more than doubling from 35 years in 1949.

4) Risk Factors for Chronic Diseases Among Chinese Residents:

The main risk factors for chronic diseases in China include smoking, alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, sleep disorders, and other personal behaviors and lifestyle factors.