Back Pain  Back pain is a particularly common complaint in the third trimester when the patient’s center of gravity has shifted. Back pain during pregnancy could be  released by corrected gait and sitting habits.

腰背痛  腰背痛是妊娠后期常见的不适，这是由于妊娠后期孕妇重心的变化引起。纠正行走姿势，改变坐姿习惯可以缓解腰背痛。

Constipation  Constipation is a complaint that is caused by decreased bowel mobility secondary to elevated progesterone (normal in pregnancy), which can lead to greater absorption of water in colons, Therefore, a regimen full of vegetables and fruits is suggested to the pregnant women.

  便秘 便秘在孕期妇女也很常见，其原因是由于黄体酮升高导致胃肠蠕动减弱，从而造成肠道水分吸收增加而引起。因此建议孕期妇女饮食中添加较多的蔬菜和水果。

Edema  Edema is commonly complained in advancing pregnancy which is caused by compression of the inferior vena cava(IVC) and pelvic veins, as a consequence, hydrostatic pressure in lower extremities increases and more water leaks to the tissues.

  水肿  水肿也是常见的孕期不适，其原因是由于增大的子宫压迫下腔静脉和盆腔静脉，导致下肢静脉静水压力增加，体液向组织转移所引起。

Regurgitation, Heartburn, and Nausea  Regurgitation, heartburn, and nausea are common complaints that may be caused by Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) ;this is determined by relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and increased transit time in the stomach (normal in pregnancy), as well as by increased intra-abdominal pressure, caused by thc enlarging uterus. Less intake each time and more meals per day could help to resolve the problem.

  反酸、胃灼痛和恶心  反酸、胃灼痛和恶心是由于胃食管反流引起的常见孕期不适这是由于食管下端的括约肌松弛（孕期较为常见）,胃排空时间延长，以及增大的子宫增加了腹腔内的压力所致。每日少食多餐会有助于解决此类不适。

Hemorrhoids  Hemorrhoids is a complaint that is often noted in advancing pregnancy which is caused by increased venous stasis and IVC compression leading to congestion in venous system, along with increased abdominal pressure  secondary to the pregnant space-occupying uterus and constipation. Constipation contributes to the occurrence of hemorrhoids, or could even cause hemorrhage.

  痔疮 妊娠后期的妇女常出现痔疮，这是由于子宫体积增加、腹内压增高压迫下腔静脉，使下腔静脉淤血以及便秘所导致。孕期的便秘会促进痔疮的发展，甚至会引起痔疮出血。

Pelvic Girdle Pain  Pelvic girdle pain(PGP) disorder is complex and multifactorial and likely to be represented by a serics of sub-groups with different underlying pain drivers from peripheral or central nervous system, altered laxity/stiffness of muscles, laxity to injury of tedious/ligamentous structures to ‘mal-adaptive’ body mechanics .Musculoskeletal mechanics involved in gait and weight bearing activities can be mild to grossly impaired. PGP can begin peri- or postpartum. There is pain, instability or dysfunction in the symphysis pubis and/or sacroiliac joints.

  盆腔牵拉痛  盆腔牵拉痛病因复杂，可以是周围神经或中枢神经的反应，也与肌张力和肌力变化、肌腱韧带松弛和人体力学适应不良等多种因素相关。参与维持人体姿态和负重活动的肌肉骨骼系统受到不同程度的损伤。妊娠期或产后均可发生，表现为耻骨联合或髂骶关节处疼痛或关节薄弱和功能障碍。

Urinary Tract Infection  Urinary tract infection which is often described firstly as increased urinary frequency, is a common complaint referred by the gravida. It is caused by increased intravascular volume, elevated GFR(Glomerular Filtration Rate), and compression of the bladder by the expanding uterus. It is suggested that enough fluid intake,2000ml per day is an effective way to flush the urethra.  

  尿路感染 尿路感染的首发症状为尿频，它与孕期血容量增加，肾小球滤过率增加及增大的子宫压迫膀胱有关。足够的饮水，每天200ml,可以起到冲洗尿路的作用。