besides,except,except for,apart from,inaddition to“除了”的区别
besides表示除……外(还有),是包括在内的意思。
例:Besidestomatoes, I also like potatoes. (包括tomatoes)
except与except for均表示除去,是不包括的意思。但两者从语法角度有区别,不能随意互换。
•区别一:exceptfor能放句首,但except不能。
例:Exceptfor Jim, who is unwell, they are all ready to leave for America tomorrow.
(不包括Jim)除了吉姆身体不舒服外,他们都准备明天动身去美国。
•区别二:exceptfor后面只能接名词或名词性短语;• except后面既可以接名词或名词性短语,也可以接从句、介词短语甚至动词。
例1. I like all vegetables except (for) tomatoes.(不包括tomatoes)
例2. Youare allowed to smoke everywhere exceptin the lobby. (不包括inthe lobby)
例3. The dish you cooked was great except thatit could use more salt.
(你做的这道菜很好吃,就是味道可以稍微再咸一点。)
apart from既能表包括,也能表不包括,要根据上下文判断意思:
例1. Apart from Germany,they also visited Italy and Austria. (包括Germany)
例2. Ilike all vegetables apart from tomatoes.
例3. Apartfrom Friday, I’ll be in London.
in addition to:词性为介词短语,除了某个人或物之外,还有其他额外的人或物。
例如:In addition to work,I also have to take care of the family.(除了工作,我还要照顾家庭)
Notes to Text A
1. List of 100 Outstanding PrivateEntrepreneurs in the 40 Years of Reform and Opening-up
改革开放40 年百名杰出民营企业家名录
2. In 2020, the Oscar-winningdocumentary American Factory told the story of his company and its bid to setup a factory there, making him and his company go viral on the Internet.
此句中“makinghim and his company go viral on the Internet”是由 make 引导的现在分词短语,做整个句子的状语。
2020年,奥斯卡获奖纪录片《美国工厂》讲述了他的公司及其在那里建厂的故事,这让他和他的公司在互联网上走红。
3. EY World Entrepreneur of theYear Award:安永世界年度企业家奖
安永世界年度企业家奖是由国际四大会计师行之一的安永国际会计师事务所举办。这项全球公认的奖项被商界定义为全球最具影响力的国际商业奖项之一,媲美电影界的“奥斯卡”。
4. AmericanFactory:《美国工厂》
《美国工厂》是以福耀集团在美建厂为叙事背景的纪录片 , 获第 92届奥斯卡最佳纪录片奖。
Notes to Text B
He made watches that people couldrely on whether on the top of mountains or in the deepest reaches of the seas,and in so doing, he helped them to break boundaries and achieve their dreams.
此句中“inso doing”意思是“通过这样做”。
他制造了人们可以信赖的手表,无论是在山顶上还是在海洋的最深处。通过这样做,他帮助人们打破界限,实现他们的梦想。

