Lesson 4 The Trial That Rocked the World
词汇(Vocabulary)
1. sweltering ( adj.) :that swelters or suffers from the heat; very hot; sultry热得发昏的;酷热
2. counsel ( n.) :a lawyer or group of lawyers giving advice about legal matters and representing clients in court辩护律师;法律顾问;辩护人
3. silver-tongued ( adj.) :eloquent ;persuasive雄辩的;口才流利的
4. orator ( n.) :a skilled，eloquent public speaker雄辩家
5. jury ( n.) :a group of people sworn to hear the evidence and inquire into the facts in a law case，and to give decision in accordance with their findings陪审团
6. erupt ( v.) :burst forth or out，as from some restraint进发;爆发;喷出
7. clash ( n.) :a sharp disagreement ;conflict抵触;冲突;意见不一致;对立
8. fundamentalism ( n.) :religious beliefs based on a literal interpretation of everything in the Bible and regarded as fundamental to Christian faith and morals原教旨主义(相信《圣经》所记载的传统的基督教信仰，反对较为近代的教义)
9. legislature ( n.) :a body of persons given the responsibility and power to make laws for a country or state(esp. the lawmaking body of a state，corresponding to the U.S. Congress)立法机构(尤指美国的州议会)
10. prohibit ( v.) :refuse to permit ;forbid by law or by an order禁止;不准
11. legality ( n.) :quality，condition，or instance of being legal or lawful ;conformity with the law合法性
12. indict ( v.) :accuse; charge with the commission of a crime; esp. make formal accusation against on the basis of positive legal evidence usually said of the action of a grand jury控告，控诉;指控，告发，对……起诉
13. prosecute (v.) :institute legal proceedings against，or conduct criminal proceedings in court against对……起诉
14. festoon ( v.) :adorn or hang with festoons饰以(或悬挂)花彩，结彩于
15. sprout (v.) :grow or develop rapidly迅速生长，迅速发展
16.rickety ( adj.) :1iable to fall or break down because weak; shaky易倒的;易垮的;不结实的;不稳固的
17.evangelist ( n.) :anyone who evangelizes(esp. a traveling preacher or a revivalist)福音传教士(尤指巡回说教者或信仰复兴者)
18.exhort ( v.) :urge earnestly by advice，warning，etc.规劝，劝告，劝戒
19.infidel ( n.) :a person who holds no religious belief无宗教信仰者，不信宗教者
20.florid ( adj. ) : flushed with red or pink(said of the complexion)(脸色)红润的
21.paunchy ( adj. ) :[derog. or humor](esp. of a man)having a fat stomach[贬或幽](尤指男性)大腹便便的
22.attorney ( n.) :.any person legally empowered to act as agent for. or in behalf of，another(esp. a lawyer)(被当事人授权的法律事务中的)代理人
23.shrewd ( adj.) :keen-witted，clever，astute or sharp in practical affairs机敏的;精明的;伶俐的
24.magnetic ( adj.) :v powerfully attractive(said of a person，personality，etc.)有吸引力的;有魅力的(指人或个性等)
25.steep ( v.) :immense，saturate，absorb，or imbue(esp. used as steeped锄：thoroughly filled or familiar with)沉浸;埋头于(尤用作steeped in充满着;沉湎于;精通)
26.agnostic ( n.) :a person who believes that the human mind cannot know whether there is a God or an ultimate cause，or anything beyond material phenomena ;atheist不可知论者
27.growl (v.) :complain in an angry or surly manner牢骚满腹地说
28.spar ( v. ) :wrangle or dispute争论;争吵
29.drawl ( v.) :speak slowly，prolonging the vowels慢慢吞吞地说
30.bigotry ( n.) :the behavior，attitude，or beliefs of a bigot：intolerance ;prejudice偏执的行为(或态度、信念等);偏执;顽固;偏见
31.rampant ( adj. ) :spreading unchecked; widespread蔓延的;猖獗的
32.faggot ( n.) :a bundle of sticks，twigs，or branches(esp. for use as fuel)柴捆;柴把
33.contaminate ( v.) :make impure，infected，corrupt，etc.使感染，传染，毒害
34.mammal ( n.) :any of a large class of warm-blooded. usually hairy vertebrates whose off springs are fed with milk secreted by female mammary glands哺乳动物
35.snort ( v.) :wave，shake. or exhibit in a menacing, challenging，or exultant way(威胁地、挑战似地、狂喜地)挥舞
36.denounce ( v.) :condemn strongly as evil谴责，指责，痛斥
37.sonorous ( adj. ) :having a powerful，impressive sound(声音)响亮的;洪亮的
38reconcile ( adj. ) :settle(a quarrel，etc.)or compose(a difference，etc.)调解;调和;使一致;使相符
39.divine ( adj. ) :given or inspired by God ;holy ;sacred神授的，天赐的;神圣的
40.fervour ( n.) :great warmth of emotion ;ardor; zeal; passion热烈;热情，热心，热诚
41.arena ( n.) :any sphere of struggle or conflict竞争场所;活动场所
42.prairie ( n.) :a large area of level or slightly rolling grassland大草原
43.scorch (v.) :char，discolor，or damage the surface of sth. by superficial burning ;burn ; make a caustic attack on; assail scathingly; excoriate烧焦;烤焦;挖苦;严厉指责(或批评)
44.pop ( v.) :[colloq.]arise ;happen or arrive unexpectedly[口]突然发生，突然出现，突然来到
45.duel ( n.) :any contest or encounter suggesting such a fight，usually between two persons(常指两人间的)争斗，冲突，斗争
46.hush ( n.) :absence of noise ;quiet ;silence寂静，平静，安静;默不作声，沉默
47.adjourn ( v. ) :close a session or meeting for the day or for a time休会，闭会;延期
48.swarm (v.) :be filled or crowded ;teem(with)充满，被挤满(常与with连用)
49.hawker ( n.) :a person who hawks goods in the street ;peddle; huckster(沿街叫卖的)小贩
50.entrepreneur ( n.) :[Fr.]a person who organizes and manages a business undertaking .assuming the risk for the sake of the profit[法语]企业家
51.ape ( n.) :any of a family of large，tailless monkeys that can stand and walk in an almost erect position猿
52.ponder ( v.) :weigh mentally ;think deeply about; consider carefully默想;深思;考虑
53.cower ( v.) :shrink and tremble，as from someone's anger，threats，or blow(因别人发怒、威胁或打击而)畏缩;发抖，哆嗦
54.sulphurous ( adj.) :violently emotional ;heated ;fiery异常激动的;激烈的;暴怒的
55.dispatch ( n.) :a news story sent to a newspaper，radio station，etc.，as by a special reporter or news agency(特派记者或新闻社发给报社、电台的)(新闻)电讯，电文，通讯
56.yokel ( n.) :[a contemptuous term]a person living in a rural are a;rustic; country bumpkin[贬]乡巴佬，土包子
57.perch ( v.) :alight or rest on or as on a perch栖息;停歇;坐在高处
58.gawk ( v.) :stare like a gawk，in a stupid way(像呆子般)呆呆地盯着，呆视
59.wily ( adj.) :full of wiles; crafty ;sly狡猾的;狡诈的;诡计多端的
60.repel ( v.) :drive or force back ;hold or ward off击退;抵挡住
61.fervent ( adj.) :having or showing great warmth of feeling ;intensely devoted or earnest; ardent; passionate热烈的，满怀热情的，热心的，深表热诚的;强烈的
62.Genesis ( n.) :the first book of the Bible，giving an account of the creation of the universe《创世纪》(《圣经·旧约》的首卷)
63.snigger ( n.) :a sly，derisive，partly stifled laugh窃笑;暗笑
64.twirl (v.) :rotate rapidly ;spin(使)快速旋转，(使)迅速转动
65.serpent ( n.) :a snake，esp. a large or poisonous one蛇(尤指大蛇或毒蛇)
66.livid ( adj.) :grayish-blue; pale; lead-colored青灰色的;铅色的
67.slur ( n.) :any remark or action that harms or is meant to harm someone's reputation ;aspersion，reproach，stigma，etc.诽谤;污辱;诋毁，中伤，破坏……的名誉
68.gavel ( n.) :a small mallet rapped on the table by a presiding officer in calling for attention or silence or by an auctioneer(会议主席、法官或拍卖商用以敲击桌子的)小木槌，议事槌
69.quell ( v. ) :crush ;subdue; put an end to镇压;平息
70.hubbub ( n.) :a confused sound of many voices ;noise; uproar; tumult吵闹声，喧哗，喧嚣;鼎沸;骚动
71.forlorn (adj.) :abandoned or deserted被抛弃的;被遗弃的;孤独的，寂寞的/forlornly adv.
72.verdict ( n.) :the formal and unanimous finding of a jury on the matter submitted to them in a trial裁定;判决
73.conviction ( n.) :a convicting 0r being convicted证明有罪;(被)判罪;定罪
短语 (Expressions)
1.adhere to : continue to obey or maintain (esp，a rule，standard or belief)坚持，忠于
例： She adheres to her principles throughout her teaching career. 她在整个教学生涯中始终坚持自己的原则。
2.take on : begin to have呈现
例： Her voice took on a troubled tone.她的声音里有些不安。
3.under way: begin，start(开始)进行，在前进中。
例： We have several plans under way.我们已将几项计划付诸实施
