Lesson 11  The Animals and It’s Food 

一、Words and Expression

edible               /ˈedəb(ə)l/             adj.可食用的

hay                 /heɪ/                 n.（用作饲料的）干草

synthesis             /ˈsɪnθəsɪs/          n.综合，综合体；（化学物质的）合成

photosynthesis          /ˌfoʊtoʊˈsɪnθəsɪs/         n.光合作用

turnip               /ˈtɜːrnɪp/              n.芫青，萝卜，白萝卜，大头菜

solvent               /ˈsɑːlvənt/            n.溶剂；adj.可溶解的、

hydrolysis             /haɪˈdrɑːlɪsɪs/          n.水解作用

specific heat           /spəˈsɪfɪk hiːt/         n.比热容

latent heat            /ˈleɪtnt hiːt/          n.超数排卵

root crop             /ruːt  krɑːp/         n.块根农作物

organism             /ˈɔːrɡənɪzəm/           n.生物，有机体

oilseed              /ˈɔɪlˌsiːd/             n.含油种子（如花生仁、棉籽等）

groundnut            /ˈɡraʊndnʌt/           n.落花生；野豆

cell wall             /sel wɔːl/           n.细胞壁

fructan              /ˈfrʌktən/            n. 果聚糖

nail                /neɪl/              n.钉子；指甲；v.钉住，使固定

nucleic acid          /nuːˈkliːɪk ˈæsɪd/        n.核酸

citric              /ˈsɪtrɪk/             adj.柠檬的，采自柠檬的

malic               /ˈmælɪk/            adj.苹果的；由苹果取得的

fumaric              /fjʊˈmærɪk/          adj.反丁烯二酸的

succinic             /səkˈsɪnɪk/          adj.琥珀酸的，丁二酸的  

intermediate          /ˌɪntərˈmiːdiət/       adj.中间的，居中的；n.媒介

silage              /ˈsaɪlɪdʒ/           n.青贮饲料

acetic              /əˈsitɪk/           adj.醋的，乙酸的

propionic           /ˌproʊpiˈɑːnɪk/        adj.丙酸的

butyric             /bjʊˈtɪrɪk/          adj.奶油的；酪酸的；坏奶油味的

lactic              /ˈlæktɪk/           n.乳的；乳汁的

silicon             /ˈsɪlɪkən/           n.硅；硅元素

二、Sentence Structures and Analysis

1、Food is material which, after ingestion by animals, is capable of being digested,absorbed and utilized.  

2、Animals depend upon plants for their existence and consequently a study of animal nutrition must necessarily begin with the plant itself.

3、The greater part of the energy ,  however ,is stored  as chemical energy within the plant itself and it is this energy which is used by the animal for the maintenance of life and synthesis of its own body tissues.  

4、One of the main reasons for the difference between plants and animals  is that,whereas the cell walls of plants consist of carbohydrate material,mainly cellulose, the walls of animal cells are composed almost entirely of protein. 

5、An important difference between plants and animals is that, whereas the former can synthesise all the vitamins they require for metabolism, animals cannot, or have very limited powers of synthesis, and are dependent upon an external supply.