New Words
catch n., vt.抓住
imagination n.想象力 imagine
paradigm
enhance vt. 增强，提高 enhancement, improvement
increasingly
realize, realise
forecast, equivalent, initiative, popularize, firm
infrastructure n. 基础设施 equipment
restructure n. 重建构造 structure
involve vt. 包括，涉及 evolve, evolution, revolution
participant, buyer, man, eyeball, population, valuation
stage n. 阶段，时期。舞台
maintain vt. 维持，保持 maintenance
separate vt. 分开，隔离 split 分裂，分开
community n. 社区
trader 贸易商 trade, international trade
transparency, category, consortium, aggregate, instance
procurement n. 采购，获得 procure, purchase (v.,n.)
uniform adj.统一的 n.制服
pricing, fragment
alternative adj.选择性的 n.可供选择的实物 replacement
thrive, eliminate, promote, remove, geographic
barrier n.障碍 obstacle 障碍 hurdle
fragmentation
inventory n. 库存
strive
New Words
earn vt. 挣，获得 make money
commission n.佣金
approval n. 批准 approve
fulfill vt. 实行，完成 fulfillment
schedule n.时间表
revenue n.收入 profit, cost
complexity, subscription, irrespective, perceive
statistics n. 统计数据，统计
launch n. 发射，投放
New Words
profitability, infancy, impediment
Phrases
get in touch with 与……联系 keep in touch
on the other hand 另一方面 on one hand
brand value 品牌价值
value-added service 增值服务
track down 追捕 track
information flow 信息流
base on 基于
international arena 国际舞台 arena of valor
domestic marketplace 国内市场 international
Abbreviations
EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) 电子数据交换，无纸贸易
Main Contents
B2B holds the most potential:
B2C grew from $147.1 billion to $192 billion
B2B from $817 billion to $8939.3 billion
1. Differentiating B2B and B2C
B2C: Amazon.com, Amway
B2B: ChemConnect.com, Chemdex.com, http://china.chemnet.com/, www.1688.com/
• B2B: restructure its systems and business processes
involves complex rules, higher purchasing amounts and complex products （特点：规则、数量、产品）
• band value of a site is not critical. value-added services is more critical. （品牌价值）
2. The Evolution
first stage: a buyer maintained separate connections with each supplier （单线联系）
second stage: companies put product catalogues on the Internet （产品目录上网）
third stage: brings together large numbers of buyers and sellers by creating community of traders（建立社区）
3. The Various Types
first category: buyer-controlled: a consortium of buyers who aggregate their purchases 买家联盟
second category: seller-controlled: sellers create a common trading place for the buyers 卖家联盟
third category: third party: thrive on the fees generated buy matching buyers and sellers 第三方服务
4. Benefits of B2B E-commerce
• Remove barriers raised by geographic fragmentation 去除地域限制
• Eliminating unnecessary inventory for buyers and sellers 消除不必要库存
• Third-party exchanges: have to provide other value-added services to retain and attract traders 第三方提供附加服务
• Price and product transparency 价格和信息透明
5. The B2B Process: through third-party (如跨境电商)
• start with a requisition for an order 从订单开始
• have the set of suppliers for each of the products for the industry 拥有供应商信息
• match the orders of the buyers with the suppliers 匹配订单
• ensure the orders are fulfilled. include all post-order requirements 满足订单相关要求
• process the payment schedule 处理支付
6. The Revenue Model: third-party
• though transaction fees raging between 0.5%-10%
收取手续费
• though annual subscription fees (membership fees)
收取会员费
• though providing specialized content (analysis, statistics)
提供增值服务（分析、数据）
例如：1688收费标准
年费：就是“诚信通”，6688元一年
实力商家费用：技术服务费36800元每年+16000元保证金
超级工厂费用：技术服务费106800元每年+16000元保证金
工业品牌费用：技术服务费36800元每年+16000元保证金
7. Indian Situation
• only a few have a strategy to commit resources
布局的商家不多
• concentrate more on traditional methods
更专注传统手段
• problems associated with infrastructure and cyber security could be the key
基础设施和网络安全是关键
Notes
[1] In fact, it is changing the very paradigm of the manner in which business is being conducted.
本句中，in which business is being conducted是一个介词前置的定语从句，修饰和限定the manner，manner的意思“方式，方法”，very用来加强语气。
英语中，如果关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，通常用whom、which或that。这时介词放在句子的后面，关系代词可以省略。但是，在正式书面语、特别是科技英语中，介词放在句子之前。这时，只能使用whom或which，且关系代词不能省略。
