}Variances are often summarised inan operating statement. The statement allows for budgeted values to bereconciled with actual values.
}If the statement starts with budgeted profit (absorption costing) or possibly budgeted contribution (marginalcosting) then:
ØAdd the favourablevariances as they increase profit/contribution
ØSubtract the adverse variance as theydecrease profit/contribution.
}The main differences between absorptionand marginal costing operating statements are as follows:
1.The marginal costing operating statementhas a sales volume variance that is calculated using the standard contributionper unit rather than a standard profit per unit as in absorption costing.
2.There is no fixed overhead volumevariance in the marginal costing operating statement.

