Good Usage ( Para. 1)  

noises came muffled through the trees

flung around her shoulder

tucked away in a corner of the park

was all but deserted

side by side

her sense of well-being

go out in the sun

was cooped up

delighting in

frowning in concentration over …

threw … at …

Good Usage  ( Para. 2)

shook  … at

search for  …

get in somebody’s eyes

take up

hold … close to his face

look up from

turned her eyes away

Good Usage   ( Paras. 3-5)

landed on

looked up at…

brush … out of …

learn to fight his own battles

lean forward

Good Usage   ( Paras. 6-9)

go right ahea

felt a sudden weakness in her knees

glanced at

become aware of

looked at him from head to foot

feels like

lost his temper

was suffused with

an impotent rage against

involving him in a situation

alien to

Good Usage   ( Paras. 13-14)

shut up

Her heart began to pound.

slid to the ground

flexed his great arms

pressed … together

pull him down

for some reason

Good Usage   ( Paras. 15-17)

said unevenly

stood with his legs spread apart

looking at Morton with utter scorn

For a moment

looked at each other nakedly

turned his back on

lift … out

Good Usage  ( Paras. 18-19)

sat sprawling

with head high

muttered through his teeth

Good Usage  ( Para. 20)

defeat of reason by force

not worth thinking about

quickened her step

busy herself with her familiar tasks

Key Words and Expressions for Text  A

fling vt.

   flung, flung move (oneself or part of one’s body quickly or with  force) 扑进，冲出；急伸，猛动（头、臂、腿等）     

e.g. 1.The boys were playing on the river bank, flinging stones into the water.

2. People cheered and flung their hats into the air. 

人们欢呼着，把帽子抛到空中。 

faint a.

    very small; slight 微小的；些微的 

e.g. 1. The sound was so faint that we couldn’t tell what it was.

2. There’s still a faint hope that they might be alive.

他们可能还活着的一线希望仍然存在。 

Collocations:

a faint hope/possibility/chance, etc.     微弱的希望/可能/机会等

not have the faintest idea                    根本不知道

faint light                                             微光

be/feel faint with                                  因…而感到虚弱

tuck away

    infml store in a safe place 〖非正式〗把...收藏在安全处， 使隐藏 

e.g. 1. A small stone house was tucked away at the foot of a beautiful mountain.

小屋掩隐在小山后的树林里。 

2. The cabin was tucked away in the woods behind the hills.

deserted a.

1. having no one present  空无一人的 

e.g.  1) The car park is busy in the day but almost deserted at night.

2) The coastal resorts are deserted in winter.

冬天里，海滨度假胜地荒无一人。 

2. left by a person or people who do not intend to return 废弃的， 遗弃的

e.g. The government promised to pay more attention to the problems of deserted wives and children.

     Collocations

a deserted wife/husband/child              被遗弃的妻子/丈夫/孩子 

a deserted street/farm/building             无人的街道/农场/楼房

abandoned a.

    left and no longer wanted, used or needed 弃置不用的；荒废的；  废弃的 

e.g. 1. The factory had already been abandoned when the Japanese soldiers found it.

2. All that digging had left a network of abandoned mines and tunnels.

挖掘工作留下的是纵横交错废井和隧道。 

Collocations:

    an abandoned baby                                 被遗弃的孩子 

an abandoned house/car                          弃置不用的房子/汽车

abandoned hopes/dreams                        放弃的希望/梦想 

deliberate a.

    (esp. of something bad) done on purpose or as a result of careful planning; intentional （尤指坏事）故意的；深思熟虑的，盘算周到的 

e.g. 1. It was not an accident. It was a deliberate attempt to hurt him.

 2. I don’t think that was a mistake; I think it was deliberate.

我不认为那是个错误；我认为这是有人故意为之。 

CF:  deserted      abandoned

这两个形容词都有“废弃”、“遗弃”、“弃置不用”的意思。

deserted 更强调对责任和义务的放弃。abandoned 更强调对所有权的放弃。此外，abandoned还有“放纵的”，“自甘堕落”的意思。例如：

     She danced with abandoned enthusiasm.

她纵情地跳着舞。 

take up

1. (of things or events) fill or use (space or time) (事物或事件）占用了（空间或时间） 

e.g. 1) My kitchen utensils take up too much space. I need to give some of them away.

2) I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn't want to take up too much of your time.

我知道您肯定很忙，而我自然也不想占用您太多时间。

2. become interested in a new activity and to spend time doing it
开始（从事） 

e.g. I took up cycling when I was at school.

3. start a new job or have a new responsibility 接任（工作、责任）

e.g. Tom will take up the management of the sales department.

4. accept a suggestion, an offer or a challenge, etc. 接受（建议、提议、挑战等） 

e.g. Schools are taking up the offer of cut-price computers.

5. continue to discuss or deal with an idea, problem, or suggestion 继续（讨论、处理） 

e.g. I’ll take up the story where you left off.

instinct n.  

[C,U](a) natural ability or tendency to act in a certain way, without having to learn or think about it 本能；天性；直觉 

e.g.  1. Don’t judge a person by instinct. It can be wrong.

2. 是本能告诉鸟儿该什么时候开始迁徙。 

It is instinct that tells the birds when to begin their migration. 

CF:  instinct      intuition

这两个名词都有“直觉” 的意思。

instinct 强调动物的生物本能。如：Birds learn to fly by instinct。 

intuition指的是不经过推理或逻辑判断，而是通过感觉直接明白或了解某事物真相的能力。如：I can’t explain how I knew -- I just had an intuition that you’d been involved in an accident。 

lower  vt.

1. move or let down in height 降下，把…放（移）低 

e.g.1) He lowered his voice when he turned to talk to the child.

2) Very gently, he lowered the dog onto the rug.

他极其轻柔地把小狗放在毯子上。 

2. (cause sth. to) become less in amount or quantity （使某事物）减少 

e.g. The Central Bank has lowered interest rates by two percent.

feel like  (doing)

    have a wish for; want 想要 

e.g.  1. I don’t feel like joining the party this weekend. I would rather stay home and have a good rest.

2. 他不想去工作。 

He didn't feel like going to work.

lose one’s temper

    become angry 发脾气 

e.g.1. My brother has a temper and can be very nasty sometimes.

我从未见他生气或是发脾气。 

2. I've never seen him get cross or lose his temper.

adjust  vt.

    [(to)] change slightly, esp. in order to make right or make suitable for a particular purpose or situation [常与to连用] 调整， 调节；校准；使合适 

e.g. 1. It will take the newcomers some time to adjust to the life in this city.

2. 我的父母很难适应公寓生活。 

My parents had trouble adjusting to living in an apartment.

CF:  adjust   adapt

这两个词组都常与 “to” 连用，有“使适合” 的意思。adjust强调“调节”。adapt强调“适应”。一般情况下，二者可互换。如：The new students are very slow to adapt / adjust to the rules. 

limp vi.

   walk with an uneven step, one foot or leg moving less well than the other 一瘸一拐地走，跛行

e.g. 1. He had to limp around for a while when one of his legs was injured.

2. 受伤的足球队员跛着脚慢慢走出场地。 

The injured footballer limped slowly off the field.

Word Focus:

dignity n.

     [U]calmness, formality, and seriousness of manner or style （风度等的）庄严；端庄；尊仪；威严 

e.g. 1. He decided to quit with dignity rather than remain in a workplace where everybody looked down upon him.

2. 病人应被赋予临终去世的尊严。 

Patients should be allowed to die with dignity.

incident  n.

    an event; a happening, esp. one that is unusual 发生的事，（尤指不平常的）事件 

e.g. 1. Such an unhappy incident set me thinking about the importance of educating our young about manners.

2. 发言人说那是一个孤立的事件。 

The spokesman said it was an isolated incident.

CF:  incident, event，occurrence, happening

这四个名词都有“事情”、“事件” 的意思。 

incident 既可指小事件或附带事件，又可指政治上具有影响的事件或事变。例如：He could remember every trivial incident in great detail。

event 可指任何大小事件，但尤指历史上的重大事件。例如：The conference was an important social event 。

occurrence多指日常生活中发生的一般事件，有时也指偶然发生的事。例如：The occurrence of failure is inevitable and independent of man's will.

happening指发生的一般事件，尤指奇怪事件。例如：There have been reports of strange happenings in the town. 

Section A  KEY WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

Key Words:

alternative  n.  [(to)]something, esp. a course of action, that may be taken or chosen instead of one or more others [常与to连用]可供选择的事物（方式等）

e.g. Using acupuncture may provide a useful alternative to western medicine in treating arthritis

            If payment is not received legal action will be our only alternative.

CF: alternative, choice, option

         这些名词均有“选择”的意思。 

alternative 二者（或多个选项中）择一, 可供选择的办法、事物。另，alternative也是形容词形式。例如：

e.g. You can be paid in cash weekly or by cheque monthly: those are the two alternatives. 

choice 表示从一个系列的人或物中进行挑选。例如： 

e.g. There is a wide range of choices open to you.

option常常侧重于已经被权威等所授予的一种选择能力或自由。 例如： 

e.g. Students have the option of studying abroad in their second year.

     Collocations:

• with/without the option/choice/possibility of sth.

a(n) good/acceptable/reasonable/possible option/choice/alternative

• the only option/choice/alternative/possibility open to somebody

• have a/an/the option/choice of doing sth.

• have no option/choice/alternative but to do sth.

•  a number/range of options/choices/alternatives/possibilities

contribute  vi.  [(to)] help in causing a situation, event, or condition [常与to连用]起促成作用，有助于，是…的部分原因

    e.g. The design faults in the building contributed to the tragedy.

       The chairman encourages everyone to contribute to the discussion.

current  a.  belonging to the present time; of the present day 现时的，当前的，进行中的

e.g. In current society, many young people’s values are very different from those of their parents. 

It seems improbable that the current situation will continue.

当前的局势似乎不大可能继续下去。

decade  n.  a period of ten years 十年；十年期间

e.g. How time flies! Two decades have passed since we graduated from this university.

The media training industry has rapidly developed over the past decade.

decline n.  a period or process of declining; movement to a lower or worse position 衰微，衰退，下降

    e.g. It is  reported that there will be a big decline in student enrollment this year.

          An increase in cars has resulted in the decline of public transport.

decrease  vi.  (cause to) become less in size, amount, strength, or quality; reduce （使）减少，减弱，减轻，降低

e.g. Accidents at this road junction have decreased after the warning sign was put up.

      The North’s share of the world’s energy consumption is expected to decrease from 70% to 60%.

CF: decrease, decline, reduce

这几个动词都有“减少”的意思。 

reduce是动词，指一种主观的减少，降低。名词形式：reduction。 

Small businesses will need to reduce costs in order to survive.

decrease 指客观、被动地减少，下降。名词形式亦为decrease。

Average house prices decreased by 13% last year.

decline除了数值上的下降，还能指能力等抽象量的衰退、下降，名词形式亦为decline。 

Her influence declined after she lost the election. 

ignorant  a.  [(of)] lacking knowledge, education, or consciousness, esp. of something one ought to know about [常与of连用]无知的，无学识的，愚昧的，不知道的

e.g. You can’t blame him as he was ignorant of the company policy.

Many teenagers are surprisingly ignorant about current politics. 

They seem to be ignorant of the dangers involved.

ignore  vt.  take no notice of; refuse to pay attention to 不顾；不理；忽视

e.g. She simply ignored me at the party. She never looked my way.

She deliberately ignored my question and changed the subject.

media n.  fml the newspapers, television, and radio 〖正式〗大众传播媒介

e.g. The media plays a very important role in shaping people’s thoughts; that’s why the government   needs to control it.

The media has a powerful influence on public opinion.

neglect n.  lack of due care or attention; negligence 忽略；疏忽；玩忽

e.g. The house is in a state of neglect as nobody has been looking after it for the last five years.

       Both parents were found guilty of neglect and their child was taken away from them.

rise  n.  [C (in)] an increase in quantity, price, demand etc. [常与in连用](数量、价格、需要等的）增加，增长

e.g. Because of the sharp rise in crime in the city, most people are afraid of going out at night now.

We are expecting a rise in food prices this month.

trend /trend/ n.  a general tendency or direction in the way a situation is changing or developing 倾向，趋势

e.g. The housing properties in the country are getting more and more expensive and I believe this

trend cannot be reversed.

The rise in violent crime is a disturbing new trend.

Expressions:

talk back  answer someone in authority such as a teacher or parent in a rude or impolite way 顶嘴，反驳

e.g. Mary was really irritated that her teenage son talked back to her each time she scolded him.  

Children who talk back are regarded as cheeky and disrespectful.

on a daily/weekly regular/ etc. basis  (do it) daily/weekly/regularly  每天/每周/定期地

e.g. After he learned that  his blood sugar/glucose level was high, he started to do exercises on a daily basis.

Payments can be evened out (使平均) on a monthly basis over the year.

throw/have a fit  fig.; infml  get very angry and fly into a rage 〖喻；非正式〗勃然大怒

e.g. If you say that dirty word again, your mother will throw a fit.  

John threw a fit when he found his car had been damaged.

not (even) blink an eye  show no surprise at something that someone else says or does 毫无反应；无动于衷

e.g. She wouldn’t even blink an eye if I jumped off a high building in front of her. She simply has no feelings for me at all.

When he was told I was expecting twins, Harry didn't even blink an eye.

be/lie at the root of sth.  be the cause of something 是…的根源；是…的起源

e.g. What lies at the root of his troubles is a sense of insecurity. 

The rule of law lies at the root of everything Hong Kong stands for, and that’s why I chose this profession. 

in a (good/bad/new/different etc.) light  (seen or shown) in a favourable/ unfavourable/ new/  different way ( used for talking about people’s opinion of a particular person or thig) 以赞同的/不赞同的/新的/不同的目光或态度去理解；对…有赞同的/不赞同的/新的/不同的看法  

e.g. His analysis of the situation enabled me to see this incident in a new light.

Most of the articles about the dispute showed the mayor in a very bad light.

on the rise  becoming greater or more numerous; increasing 增加，增

e.g. The interest rates have been on the rise in the last two years.

Rates of rural and urban unemployment were on the rise.

give a (good) reason/excuse for  explain 解释

e.g. The boss did not give a single good reason for dismissing Jane from her post.

He's lied to us before, so give me one good reason for believing him now.

for the most part  almost completely; mainly 多半，主要，就绝大部分而言

e.g. For the most part, it is the parents’ duty to properly educate their children about manners.

This town has always been considered safe, and for the most part, it still is.

result in [no pass.] have as a result; cause [无被动态]导致，造成

e.g.  It is estimated that about five percent of the road accidents in this town  result in death.

I hope that this will result in the police finding your car.

get away with do (something wrong) without being caught or punished 做成（坏事、错事）未被发觉（未受惩罚）

e.g. You shouldn’t think you can get away with this. Cheating in an exam is a serious offence.

Those who lie and cheat will never get away with it.

put an end to stop from happening or existing any more 使终止，使结束

e.g. He has been spreading rumour about our past for too long. We need to put an end to all his nonsense.

We must put an end to the pointless conflict.

put a stop to stop (esp. an undesirable activity) 制止…，使…停下来

e.g. Let’s put a stop to such regular meetings. Many things can be done through email communication.

He closed his eyes to put a stop to all distracting thoughts, sitting there quietly and peacefully.

show up  reveal or be revealed clearly （使）显露，（使）显现

e.g. The cracks in the wall show up in the sunlight.

The new telescope is so powerful that it can show up galaxies billions of light years away.

due to  because of; caused by 由于，因为，是…的结果

e.g. Due to his carelessness and neglect, the house  got flooded by water from his kitchen tap.

Due to wet leaves on the line, this train will arrive an hour late.