I. 重复法
重复法实际上是增词的一种,只不过增加的是上文出现过的词。由于重复是汉语语篇衔接的一种重要手段,也是一种排比的修辞手法,若使用得当则铿锵有力、反复强调,增加美感。汉译英时要特别注意这个用此习惯。
e.g. There had been too much publicity about their relationship.
e.g. Whoever drives through the red light should be fined.
e.g. People forget your face first, then your name.
e.g. Each country has its own customs.
e.g. Come over to see me whenever you are free.
II. 反说正译或正说反译
由于汉英两种语言在词语搭配和句子结构上存在许多差异,按原文结构直译读起来特别拗口,表意也不清晰,此时,顺应译语表达习惯,正话反说或反话正说尤为必要。例如:
e.g. You couldn’t kill any more.
e.g. A man can never have too many ties. (A man has too many ties.一个男人的领带太多了。若加can never,直译为一个男人从来不会有太多的领带,再多也不过分。)
e.g. A book may be compared to your neighbor; if it is good, it cannot last too long; it is bad, you cannot get rid of it too early.
e.g. 在收据尚未签字以前不得付款。(汉语可以说“在……没有……以前”,但Before the receipt has not been signed不合英语习惯,使人无法理解。)
e.g. 说也奇怪,他似乎忘了他最喜爱的诗人的名字。
e.g. 王同志这几年一直是全勤。(“一直全勤”就是从没有缺席过一天的工作,)

