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1 Word List&nb...
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2 Word Explana...
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3 Word Explana...
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4 Text A
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5 Chinese Version
Word List of Text A
Word Explanation for Text A
all-time a.
being the greatest, biggest, most, etc., ever known 前所未闻的；空前的
e.g. 1. After nearly a month of heavy rain, the water in the lake had reached an all-time high.
2. The president's popularity nationally is at an all-time low.
总统在全国的人气目前正处于历史最低点。
discipline vt.
trainor develop, esp. in self-control and obedience 训练；训导；管教
e.g. 1. Though (he is) very busy, he disciplines himself to exercise at least twice a week.
2. Out on the golf course you must discipline yourself to let go of detailed theory.
在高尔夫球场上，你必须训练自己做到不拘泥于细枝末节的理论。
have one’s eye onsth.
infml have sth. as anaim; have a wish for sth.
〖非正式〗以……为目标；想要……
e.g. 1. Jack isn’t content with his present job, so he has his eye on a new one.
2. Mark has his eye on the captaincy of the basketball team.
马克一心想当那支篮球队的队长。
kind of
infml in a certain way; rather;slightly 〖非正式〗有点儿；有几分；相当
e.g. 1. I was kind of disappointed when I found that my mailbox was still empty.
2. It was kind of strange to see him again.
再看到他有点奇怪。
win (sb./ sth.) hands down
infml win sb. or sth. very easily 〖非正式〗轻易取胜
e.g. 1. Your team is much stronger than theirs; it’s obvious that you’ll win them hands down.
2. If she's on her game, she can win the match hands down.
如果竞技状态好的话，她可以轻而易举地赢得这场比赛。
be in for
be about to have (sth. unpleasant) 肯定会经历，注定要遭受（不愉快的事情）
e.g. 1. I’m afraid we’re in for a storm.
2. Whoever breaks the school windows will be in for trouble!
无论谁打破了学校的窗子，都要受罚。
under wraps
infml kept secret from the public 〖非正式〗不公开的；不对外泄漏的
e.g. 1. The documents about this research project will be kept under wraps for ten years.
2. As introduction day approached, the dealers would keep their new cars under wraps.
样车介绍之日临近，承销商会把他们的新车严密地裹起来。
hot under the collar
angry or excited and ready to argue 恼怒的，气冲冲的
e.g. 1. Fred will get hot under the collar if you play a joke on his younger sister.
2. He became hot under the collar when he realized that he had been cheated.
当他意识到自己被骗时，不禁勃然大怒。
qualify vi.
[(for)] be of ahigh enough standard to enter a competition
[常与for连用] 获得参赛资格
e.g. 1. Our team didn’t perform well enough to qualify for the second round of the competition.
2. You must qualify yourself for the post.
你必须使自己具备担任这一工作的资格。
make afool of oneself
behave unwisely or in a silly way and lose people’s respect 出丑，闹笑话
e.g. 1. I really made a fool of myself when I presented a bunch of roses to Judy, who surprisingly turned round to kiss the young man behind her.
2. If you go to the wedding in this dress, you'll make a fool of yourself.
你要是穿这件衣服去参加婚礼，你会出丑的。
look the part
have the appearance of being a particular kind of person 看上去像某一类人
e.g. 1. He’s a very successful businessman, but he doesn’t really look the part, wearing a pair of worn-out shoes and driving an old car.
2. You'd never guess he was a security guard – he doesn't look the part at all.
你根本就猜不到他是保安，他看上去不是干这一行的。
proceed vi.
[(to,with)] rather fml begin orcontinue in a course of action or set of actions
[常与to或with连用]〖较正式〗着手；继续进行
e.g. 1. Angela had a cup of tea and proceeded to tell us every detail about what had happened to her husband during the war.
2. We're not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale.
我们不确定是否还要继续减价促销。
CF: advance, progress, proceed, move on, go
这些动词均含“前进，行进，进展”之意。
advance 主要用于具体的人或物，也可指科学技术和运动等。
progress 指按某一既定目标前进，取得发展，目的性很明确，强调经常和稳定地前进。
proceed 侧重指继续前进。
move on 非正式用语，侧重从某一停止点向某地前进，但不表示前进的目的地。
go 最常用词，含义宽泛而不确切，依上文确定其具体意思。
congratulate vt.
[(on)] express one’s pleasure, praise, or admiration for (sb.) because of a happyevent or sth. successfully done
[常与on连用]祝贺，向……道贺
e.g. 1. My friends congratulated me on having passed the swimming test.
2. She congratulated him on the birth of his son.
她祝贺他喜得贵子。
CF: celebrate, congratulate 这两个动词均有“庆祝，祝贺”之意。
celebrate 通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情，多暗示节日般的欢乐场面。
congratulate 指对他人祝贺为目的，希望他人幸福或走运。
despite prep.
fml in spite of; notprevented by 〖正式〗不管；尽管，任凭
e.g. 1. She went on with her training despite the fact that her doctor had told her to rest.
2. Despite a thorough investigation, no trace of Dr Southwell has been found.
尽管进行了彻底的调查，还是没有发现索思韦尔博士的任何踪迹。
Collocation:
despite oneself 不由自主地；身不由己地
e.g. Despite herself Fran felt a ripple of appreciationfor his beauty.
弗兰不由自主地欣赏他的勃勃英姿。
CF: despite, in spite of, notwithstanding
这些前置词或前置短语都含有“虽然，尽管”之意。
despite 书面用词，指不受某事或某种原因的阻碍，语气轻于in spite of。
in spite of 在这些词中语气最强，可与despite换用，口语或书面语中均可使用。
notwithstanding 语气最弱，仅表示一种障碍的存在。
fake a.
made and intended to deceive 假（装）的，冒充的，伪造的
e.g. 1. She likes to wear fake diamond necklaces and always keeps the real ones in her safe.
2. He looked like a postman but he was really a fake one.
他看上去像个邮递员，但实际上是个骗子。
CF: fake, false 这两个形容词都含有“假的”之意。
fake 指某物不是真的。
false 指某物与真的相像，强调看上去像真的，不一定用作冒充、谎骗。
grip n.
a very tight, forceful hold 紧握
e.g. 1. Don’t loosen your grip on the rope or you’ll fall.
2. To improve your tennis strokes you try using a different grip.
为了提高你网球的击球法，你试试用另一种握拍方法。
Collocation:
come / get to grips with 与……战斗
e.g. British forces never came to grips with the enemy.
英国部队从未与敌人交过手。
get a grip （非正式）保持（或恢复）自控能力，控制住自己
e.g. Get a grip, guys! 冷静点，伙计们。
get / take a grip on 控制，支配
e.g. Hypochondria began to take a grip on him.
他开始陷入莫名的忧郁之中。
in the grip of 受……的控制（或支配）
e.g.
英国笼罩着日趋浓厚的怀旧氛围。
CF: take, grasp, grab, grip, clasp, clutch, snatch, seize
这些动词均有“抓住，握紧”之意。
take 最普通用词，不带感情色彩。指用手抓、取某东西或控制某物。
grasp 指紧紧抓住、抓牢。
grab 指粗暴而急迫的抓住。
grip 语气比grasp强，指用手的最大力量紧紧抓住。
clasp 指用手紧握或用臂紧抱。
clutch 强调匆忙、紧急地抓、抓紧。
snatch 指突然抢走，侧重动作更快或更具暴力性质。
seize 指突然抓住某物，强调突然的猛烈动作。
melt down
make (a metalobject) liquid by heating, esp. so as to use the metal again
熔化掉(金属物)
e.g. 1. During war time many of the city’s bronze statues were melted down and used to make weapons.
2. A lot of scrap metal can be melted down and used again.
大量金属碎片可以熔化进行再利用。
Word Explanation for Text B
flash vt.
1. show sth. for a shorttime 闪现
e.g. She flashed a shy smile at him as he passed by.
2. make a sudden bright light with 使闪耀，使闪光
e.g. Flash your light about and see if anyone is hiding here.
用手电筒四周照照，看看是否有人藏在这里。
spin v. (span or spun, spun)
turn round and round fast 快速旋转
e.g. 1. We span the coin to decide who would take the only free ticket we got for the movie.
2. The propeller started to spin around.
螺旋桨开始飞快地旋转起来。
consultant n.
[(to)] a person who gives expertadvice to a person or organization on a particular subject
[常与to连用]顾问
e.g. 1. To improve our products, we need to employ a design consultant.
2. Shirley’s brother is now a consultant heart surgeon in
雪利的兄弟现在在瑞典做心脏外科高级顾问医师。
champion n.
a person who has won a competition of skill, strength, etc., esp. asporting competition
（尤指体育比赛中的）冠军，优胜者
e.g. 1. If our team defeats yours, we’ll be the champions.
2. She knows that becoming world champion is going to be a long haul.
她知道要成为世界冠军需要长时间的艰苦努力。
initial a.
happening at the beginning; first 开始的；最初的
e.g. 1. After she had overcome her initial shyness, she calmed down and felt quite at ease.
2. We hope to recoup our initial investment in the first year.
我们希望我们的前期投资在第一年就能赚回来。
compete vi.
[(with, against, for)] try to win sth. in competition with sb. else
[常与with,against或for连用] 竞争；争夺
e.g. 1. The two athletes from the same country are competing for the gold medal.
2. These products are of high quality and able to compete internationally.
这些产品品质很好，在国际市场上有竞争能力。.
narrowly ad.
by onlya small margin; only just 勉强地；仅仅
e.g. 1. He accidentally fell into the lake and narrowly escaped drowning.
2. The car narrowly missed a cyclist.
汽车差点儿撞上一位骑自行车的人。
confess vt.
admit sth. that one feels embarrassed about 坦白；承认（尴尬的事情）
e.g. 1. I must confess that I didn’t believe you at first.
2. Most people confess to a bad memory.
大多数人都承认记性差。
feature vt.
include or show sth. as a special or important partof sth.
以……为特色，是……的特色
e.g. 1. The exhibition features paintings by young female artists.
2. The hour-long program featured highlights from recent games.
这个时长一小时的节目重点介绍最近比赛的精彩片断。
trip vi.
[(over)] catch one’s foot (in or on sth.) and lose one’s balance
[常与over连用]绊倒
e.g. 1. Move the box to the corner or someone might trip over it.
2. Hetried to follow Jack’s footsteps in the snow and tripped on a rock.
他想要跟着杰克在雪中留下的脚印走，却让一块石头绊倒了。
barrier n.
sth. that is used to prevent or control people’s movement 障碍物；关卡
e.g. 1. Show your ticket at the barrier before you board the train.
2. The demonstrators broke through heavy police barriers.
示威者们冲破了警察的重重设防。
crawl vi.
move slowly with the body close to the ground, oron the hands and knees 爬行
e.g. 1. The lovely baby is crawling on the carpet.
2. I began to crawl on my hands and knees towards the door.
我开始手脚并用朝门口爬去。
applause n.
[U] loud praise for a performance or performer, esp. by striking the handstogether; clapping
鼓掌，掌声
e.g. 1. There was loud applause when the famous singer appeared onto the stage.
2. The speaker was received with a mixture of applause and hisses.
那演说者同时得到喝彩声和嘘声。
rise to one’s feet
stand up 站起来
e.g. 1. After telling us what to do next, the teacher rose to his feet and left the laboratory.
2. Rise to your feet when the visitor comes in.
来宾进来时请大家站起来。
bring out
cause to be seen; makeclear 发挥；显示出
e.g. 1. Difficult conditions will sometimes bring out a person’s best qualities.
2. I want to bring out clearly all the issues that are involved.
我想把所涉问题都清楚地提出来。
take shape
develop towards completion 形成，成形
e.g. 1. After some discussion our vacation plans were taking shape.
2. The new building is beginning to take shape.
新大楼已初具规模。
cling to be unwilling to get rid of sth., or stop doing sth. 坚持；不愿放弃
e.g. 1. He clung to the hope that his daughter would be cured even though doctors had told him it was impossible.
2. It is dangerous to cling to outdated ideas and theories.
坚持过时的观点和理论是很危险的。
bring up
educate and care for (a child) 养育，教养（孩子）
e.g. 1. George was brought up in London by his wealthy uncle.
2. Bringing up a handicapped child can be a long and hard road.
养育一个残疾的孩子是一项长期而艰巨的任务。
come in …
finishin the stated place in a race or competition （比赛中）获得……名次
e.g. 1. I bet that the black horse will come in first in the race.
2. He came in third in the hundred-meter dash.
在百米竞赛中他跑了第三名。
like crazy
infml wildly and very actively 〖非正式〗发狂似地；拼命地
e.g. 1. Ben got up later than usual; he had to drive like crazy to get to his office on time.
2. You’ll have to work like crazy to get this finished.
你一定要拼命地把这份工作完成。
squeeze in
find time or space for 为……挤出时间（空间）
e.g. 1. I have a tight schedule for this week; I can’t squeeze in any other activities.
2. There were already ten people in the lift, but he managed to squeeze in.
电梯里已经有十个人了，但他还是挤进去了。
put in
do (work) or spend (time), esp. for a purpose
（为某一目的）干（活），花费（时间）
e.g. 1. He puts in half an hour on his English studies every morning.
2. His victory was seen as payback for all the hard work he’d put in during training.
他的胜利被视为训练期间所有辛苦的回报。
fill in for
take sb.’s place 代替
e.g. 1. The teacher was sick and Mr. Shaw filled in for her.
2. Can you fill in for me for a few minutes? I have to run an errand.
你能代替我几分钟吗？我必须去办点事。
in an emergency
if there is an emergency 在紧急情况下
e.g. 1. Many people are at a loss what to do in an emergency.
2. The police must be able to react swiftly in an emergency.
警方在面对紧急情况时必须能迅速作出反应。
capitalize on
use to one’s advantage （为自己的利益而）利用
e.g. 1. The young man capitalized on every chance he got to improve his oral English.
2. Do we have the capability to capitalize on the opportunities and mitigate the threats?
我们是否能够利用机会并且减少威胁？
Read and Explore
Text A of Unit 4
At the 1936 Olympic Games, Jesse Owens, a black athlete from
My Greatest Olympic Prize
Jesse Owens
1 It was the summer of 1936. The Olympic Games were being held in Berlin. Because Adolf Hitler childishly insisted that his performers were members of a “master race,” nationalistic feelings were at an all-time high.
2 I wasn’t too worried about all this. I’d trained, sweated and disciplined myself for six years, with the Games in mind. While I was going over on the boat, all I could think about was taking home one or two of those gold medals. I had my eye especially on the running broad jump. A year before, as a sophomore at Ohio State University, I’d set the world’s record of 26 feet 8-1/4 inches. Everyone kind of expected me to win that Olympic event hands down.
3 I was in for a surprise. When the time came for the broad-jump trials, I was startled to see a tall boy hitting the pit at almost 26 feet on his practice leaps! He turned out to be a German named Luz Long. I was told that Hitler had kept him underwraps, evidently hoping to win the jump with him.
4 I guessed that if Long won, it would add some new support to the Nazis’ Aryan-superiority theory. After all, I am a Negro. A little hot under the collar about Hitler’s ways, I determined to go out there and really show Der Fuhrer and his master race who was superior and who wasn’t.
5 An angry athlete is an athlete who will make mistakes, as any coach will tell you. I was no exception. On the first of my three qualifying jumps, I leaped from several inches beyond the take-off boardfor a foul. On the second jump, I fouled even worse. “Did I come 3,000 miles for this?” I thought bitterly. “To foul out of the trials and make a fool of myself?”
6 Walking a few yards from the pit, I kicked disgustedly at the dirt. Suddenly I felt a hand on my shoulder. I turned to look into the friendly blue eyes of the tall German broad jumper. He had easily qualified for the finals on his first attempt. He offered me a firm handshake.
7 “Jesse Owens, I’m Luz Long. I don’t think we’ve met.” He spoke English well, though with a German twist to it.
8 “Glad to meet you,” I said. Then, trying to hide my nervousness, I added, “How are you?”
9 “I’m fine. The question is: How are you?”
10 “What do you mean?” I asked.
11 “Something must be eating you,”he said — proud the way foreigners are when they’ve mastered a bit of American slang. “You should be able to qualify with your eyes closed.”
12 “Believe me, I know it,” I told him — and it felt good to say that to someone.
13 For the next few minutes we talked together. I didn’t tell Long what was “eating” me, but he seemed to understand my anger, and he took pains to reassure me. Although he’d been schooled in the Nazi youth movement, he didn’t believe in the Aryan-supremacy business any more than I did. We laughed over the fact that he really looked the part, though. An inch taller than I, he had a lean, muscular frame, clear blue eyes, blond hair and a strikingly handsome, chiseled face. Finally, seeing that I had calmed down somewhat, he pointed to the take-off board.
14 “Look,” he said. “Why don’t you draw a line a few inches in back of the board and aim at making your take-off from there? You’ll be sure not to foul, and you certainly ought to jump far enough to qualify. What does it matter if you’re not first in the trials? Tomorrow is what counts.”
15 Suddenly all the tension seemed to ebb out of my body as the truth of what he said hit me. Confidently, I drew a line a full foot in back of the board and proceeded to jump from there. I qualified with almost a foot to spare.
16 That night I walked over to Luz Long’s room in the Olympic village to thank him. I knew that if it hadn’t been for him I probably wouldn’t be jumping in the finals the following day. We sat in his quarters and talked for two hours — about track and field, ourselves, the world situation, a dozen other things.
17 When I finally got up to leave, we both knew that a real friendship had been formed. Luz would go out to the field the next day trying to beat me if he could. But I knew that he wanted meto do my best — even if that meant my winning.
18 As it turned out, Luz broke his own past record. In doing so, he pushed me on to a peak performance. I remember that at the instant I landed from my final jump — the one which set the Olympic record of 26 feet 5-5/16 inches — he was at my side, congratulating me. Despite the fact that Hitler glared at us from the stands not a hundred yards away, Luz shook my hand hard — and it wasn’t a fake “smile with a broken heart” sort of grip, either.
19 You can melt down all the gold medals and cups I have, and they couldn’t be a plating on the 24-carat friendship I felt for Luz Long at that moment. I realized then, too, that Luz was the perfect example of what Pierre de Coubertin, founder of the modern Olympic Games, must have had in mind when he said, “The important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning but taking part. The essential thing in life is not conquering but fighting well.”
Chinese Version of Text A
课文 A 参考译文
我最珍贵的奥运奖牌
杰西·欧文斯
1 那是1936年的夏天。奥林匹克运动会正在柏林举行。阿道夫·希特勒天真地坚持认为自己的运动员来自“优等民族”，这使得民族主义情绪空前高涨。
2 对这一形势我并不十分忧虑。六年来，我训练、流汗、严于律己，头脑里装的就是奥运会。我乘船渡海，所思所想的就是夺一两枚金牌回家。我尤其期待跳远项目的冠军。一年前，当我还是俄亥俄州立大学二年级学生的时候，就以26英尺8.25英寸的成绩打破了世界纪录。人人都有些许期待：我在这个奥运项目上会轻而易举地夺冠。
3 事情却令我措手不及。跳远预赛的时间到了，我看见一个高个子男孩在跳远练习时以近乎26英尺的成绩跳入沙坑，这让我震惊！原来他是德国人，叫卢兹·朗。我听说，希特勒一直将其雪藏，明显是希望他赢了跳远项目。
4 我暗自思量，卢兹·朗若赢，定会为纳粹的“雅利安人优越”理论增添新的证据。我毕竟是一个黑人。我对希特勒的做法有点恼火，决定去拼搏，让这个纳粹元首、让他的优等民族实实在在地看看孰优孰劣。
5 带着怒气的运动员会犯错，任何教练都会这样说。我不例外。三轮资格赛的第一轮，我越过跳板几英寸起跳，犯规了。第二次起跳，违规程度更严重。“我越洋三千英里，难道就为了这个结局？”我痛悔地想，“就为了在预赛犯规出局，出尽洋相吗？”
6 我离开沙坑，走了几码，憎恶地踢地上的土。突然，我感到有一只手放在我的肩头。我扭头，看到一双友善的蓝眼睛，正是那个高个子德国跳远运动员。他在第一轮预赛中已然轻松地获得决赛资格。他紧紧地握住我的手。
7 “杰西·欧文斯，我是卢兹·朗。我想，我们是初次见面。”他的英语说得很好，尽管带有德语口音。
8 “很高兴见到你，”我说。为了竭力掩饰内心的紧张，我接着说：“你好吗？”
9 “我很好。问题是：你怎么样？”
10 “你想说什么？”我问。
11 “一定有什么事儿让你心神不安，”他说，显现一副外国人掌握了一点儿美国俚语的那种得意神情。“你本来闭着眼睛也能获得决赛资格。”
12 “说真的，这一点我也知道，” 我对他说道 ——这句话对人说出来，感觉不错。
13 我们一起聊了几分钟。我没有告诉他是什么在“吞噬”我，然而他好像理解我的愤怒，就千方百计消除我的焦虑。他虽然一直在纳粹的青年运动中接受教育，却和我一样，不相信雅利安人种优越论。当然，他看起来的确很有优势，这一事实让我俩开怀大笑。他高我一英寸，身体精瘦，肌肉发达，明亮清澈的蓝眼睛，金黄的头发，棱角分明、非常英俊的面庞。最后，他看我稍稍安静下来，就用手指着起跳板。
14 “看，”他说, “为什么不在跳板后面数英寸处画一条线,尝试从那里起跳？你肯定不会犯规，而且肯定应该能跳出足以获得决赛资格的成绩。预赛不得第一名，有什么关系呢？明天才是最重要的。”
15 我领会了他话中的真谛，所有的紧张情绪仿佛突然从我身上退去。我信心百倍，在跳板后足足一英尺处画了一条线，接下来就从那里起跳。我以几乎超出一英尺的成绩获得决赛资格。
16 那天晚上，我走到卢兹·朗在奥运村的房间向他致谢。我知道，若没有他，我不可能参加第二天跳远项目的决赛。在他的住处，我们坐着谈了两个小时 —— 讨论田径、我们自己、世界形势还有许多别的事情。
17 最后，我起身告辞，此时我们都知道真正的友谊已经建立。第二天，卢兹将走上田赛场尽全力打败我。但是，我知道他希望我发挥最佳水平—— 即使这意味着将夺冠的是我。
18 卢兹最终打破了自己的历史记录。他这么做，也激励我攀登成绩的巅峰。我依然记得，在我最后一跳落地时—— 这一跳把奥运纪录推向26英尺5.31英寸 —— 他就在我身边祝贺我。尽管希特勒在距离不到100码的看台上对我们怒目而视，卢兹依然使劲地握住我的手，这一握绝非那种“伤心欲绝却强颜欢笑”的虚情假意。
19 在那一刻，我对卢兹的纯真情谊如同24克拉的宝石，即使熔化我毕生的金牌金杯，都不足以为这颗宝石镀上一层金光。我接着体会到，现代奥运的奠基人皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦当年头脑里正是孕育着卢兹这样的完美形象才说道：“奥运最重要的不是夺冠而是参与。生命最重要的不是征服而是奋力拼搏。”
