教学视频：习题讲解

教学课件: 习题解析

Key to the Exercises:

II Define briefly the following terms and concepts.

1. Trading goods for goods in an exchange economy.

2. Something that is generally accepted and used to make payments.

3. Something that retains its value over time.

4. A standardized accounting unit, such as the dollar, which is the standard measure of value.

5. Credit money is a kind of credit certificate that serves as means of exchange and means of payment in circulation and does not consist of or represent a specific valuable commodity.

6. Monetary system is the structure, system and organization in money circulation set by law of a country.

III Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1. 尽管每个人可以按照自己的意愿增加货币持有（在他或她的财富约束内），总的货币供给却不是由个人控制，而是由一国央行控制的，这是货币重要而又有趣的一面。

2. 人们在长期的生产中发现，如果各具特长的人们从事最适合他们的工作并与其他人交换他们所生产的产品和劳务，他们将会得到最大的满足，社会效率也将最大化。

3. 信用货币的价值取决于其普遍接受性，而这基于发行者的信用及信用创造过程。

4. 如果人们倾向于强调货币的储藏功能而不是交易媒介功能，那么广义货币口径更适合。

5. 一次世界大战后，不再有国家能够恢复到金币本位制，取而代之的是金块本位制和金汇兑本位制。一些经济学家称其为不完美的金本位制。

IV Translate the following sentences into English.

1. There are two types of commodity exchange: one is barter and the other is indirect exchange through medium.

2. The main functions of money include medium of exchange, means of payment, store of value and unit of account.

3. The monetary system in most countries have passed the stages of the silver system, the bimetallic system, the gold system and the credit money system.

4. Compared with barter, indirect exchange through money reduces transaction cost and raises the efficiency of exchange, which greatly promote the development of commodity economy. 

5. Historically, money can be divided into commodity money, representative full-bodied money, credit money, electronic money, etc.