1. invasion      n. [C, U] an occasion when one country’s army goes into another country to takecontrol of it by force 入侵；侵略

e.g. 1. The secrecy and swiftness of the invasion shocked and amazed army officers.

     这次入侵的隐秘和迅速令军官们大为震惊。

2. They all trembled at the prospect of an enemy invasion.  

     他们想到敌人可能入侵都不寒而栗。

Word family: invade v.

e.g. The general’s decision to invade was a costly mistake.  

         将军作出的入侵决定是个代价惨重的错误。

2.regiment      n. [C] a group of soldiers that can be divided into smaller groups called battalions and whose leader is called a colonel（军队的）团

e.g.1. The Parachute Regiment could be forced to admit women.

        伞兵团可能会被迫招收女性。

2. The regiment is on the march.  

      该团在行军中。

3. This volume records the history of the regiment.  

      这部书记录了该团的历史。

3. occasional      a. (usu. before noun) happening sometimes, but not frequently or regularly 偶尔的；偶然的

e.g.1. The foggy streets were virtually empty, except for the occasional evening strollers.  

     除了偶尔有傍晚出来散步的人，雾蒙蒙的街上空荡荡的。

2. He works for us on an occasional basis.  

     他在我们这里做临时工。

3. The weather was good except for an occasional shower.  

     除了下了一阵大雨外，天气还是很好的。 

Word family: occasion n.      occasionally ad.

4.dodge       v. to avoid sb. or sth. by moving quickly, especially so that sth. does not hit you or sb. does not see you 闪开；躲开

e.g.1. He dodged amongst the crowds of men.

     他在人群中东躲西闪。

2. We dodged behind a pillar out of sight of the tourists.

     我们躲到柱子后面，避开了观光者的视线。

3. He desperately dodged a speeding car trying to run him down.

     他拼命地闪身躲开一辆试图撞倒他的疾驰的汽车。

5.superficial         a.

1. affecting or involving only the surface or outside part of sth. 表面的；表皮的

e.g.1. The other injured man had a superficial stomach wound.

     另一名受伤男子是腹部的皮外伤。

2. The explosion caused superficial damage to the fortified house.

     这次爆炸对这所加固过的房屋造成了轻微破坏。

2. a superficial person does not think about serious or important things（思想）浅薄的，缺乏深度的

e.g.1. The tone of his book is consistently negative, occasionally arrogant, and often superficial.

     他的书基调一贯是负面消极的，有时还有点儿傲慢自大，且常常流于肤浅。

2. You’re too superficial to appreciate great literature like this.  

     你太肤浅，无法欣赏这类文学巨著。

6.tactful      a. sb. who is tactful is very careful in the way they speak and behave so that they do not upset other people（说话或行为）圆通的，老练的，乖巧的

e.g.1. I made a tactful retreat before they started arguing.

     在他们开始争论前我机智地离开了。

2. She gets them to accept these changes by tactful management.

       她用圆滑的手腕说服他们接受这些变动。

3. Remember to be tactful when expressing a personal judgement.  

       记住表达个人看法要婉转。

7.mortal        a.

1. serious enough to cause death 致命的；致死的

e.g.1. The police were defending themselves and others against mortal danger.

     警察在保护自己和他人免遭致命危险。

2. He received a mortal wound soon after the battle began.

     战争开始后不久，他就受到了致命的重伤。

2. human and not able to live for ever 凡人的；不能永生的 

e.g.1. A man is deliberately designed to be mortal. He grows, he ages, and he dies.

     人注定终有一死：长大、衰老，然后死亡。

2. It’s beyond mortal power to bring a dead man back to life.

     让死去的人复活是凡人做不到的。

Word family: mortality n.

Antonym: immortal a.

8. modesty      n. [U]

1. the feeling of shyness about showing your body or doing anything that may attract sexual interest 羞怯；端庄

e.g. 1. The girl flushed from modesty when the man praised her appearance. 

     那男人夸奖这姑娘长得漂亮时，她羞得脸红了。

2. Her modesty prevented her from making her real feelings known to him.  

     她由于羞怯未曾向他吐露真情实意。

2. the tendency not to talk about yourself, your achievements, or your abilities even if you are successful 谦逊；谦虚

e.g.1. You are just the person for the job. Don’t decline out of modesty.  

      你做这工作再合适不过，不要谦让了。

2. Industry and modesty are the chief factors of his success.  

     勤奋和谦虚是他成功的主要因素。

Word family: modest a.

9. low-maintenance      a. not needing much effort or money 不太费劲的；费用低的

e.g.1. Having a low maintenance front yard is the goal of many people.

     拥有一个维护成本低的前院是许多人的目标。

2. This is efficient, low maintenance learning.  

     这种学习既有效率又轻松。

Antonym: high-maintenance a. 

e.g. She is such a high-maintenance woman.  

         她真是个难伺候的女人。

10.gauge        vt. to make a judgment or guess about a situation, action, or person based on the information that you have（根据所掌握的信息）估计，判断

e.g.1. His mood can be gauged by his reaction to the most trivial of incidents.

      从他对鸡毛蒜皮的小事的反应就可以判断出他的情绪。

2. With no clocks and no daylight it was hard to gauge the time.  

      没有钟，也没有阳光，很难确定时间。

3. He looked at me, trying to gauge my reaction.  

     他看着我，想判断一下我的反应。 

11. exquisite    a. extremely beautiful and delicate 精致的；精美的

e.g.1. Exquisite workmanship is the outstanding characteristic of these artistic handwork’s.  

     工艺精美是这些工艺品的突出特点。

2. There is an exquisite tea set on the table.  

     桌子上放着一套精美的茶具。

3. Clocks and watches of high grade are exquisite and durable.  

      高端的钟表做工精致且经久耐用。

12. dictate        vt. to influence or control how sth. is done 影响；控制

e.g.1. The film’s budget dictated a tough schedule.

     影片的预算决定了拍摄进度会很紧张。

2. The way in which they dress is dictated by very rigid fashion rules.

     他们的着装受到时尚规则的严格限制。

3. Do not let other people’s insensitive actions dictate your mood. 

     别让他人麻木不仁的举动影响你的情绪。

13. extravagant   a. spending or costing a lot of money, especially more than is reasonable 奢侈的；铺张的；浪费的

e.g.1. She scandalized her family with her extravagant lifestyle.  

     她奢侈的生活方式令家人愤慨。

2. The decoration has reached an extravagant degree.  

     那装潢已精致到了奢华的程度。

3. He attempts to woo her in an extravagant manner.  

     他尝试用挥金如土的方式去追求她。

14. accordingly      ad. in a way that is appropriate to the situation 相应地

e.g.1. Watch out for sharp bends and adjust your speed accordingly.

      当心急转弯并相应调整车速。

2. Please inform us of your decision and we will act accordingly.

      请把你们的决定通知我们，我们会照着去办的。

3. It is a difficult job and they should be paid accordingly.

      这是份棘手的工作，他们应得到相应的报酬。 

15. favourable       a.

1. showing that sb. likes or approves of sb. or sth. 赞成的；称赞的；喜欢的

e.g.1. We found that most people are favourable to the idea.  

      我们发现大多数人同意这个意见。

2. It’s encouraging to receive a favourable report on one’s study.  

     学习得到好评是令人鼓舞的。

3. It produced so much favourable comment from the press.  

     它在新闻界赢得了广泛的好评。

2.  giving sb. or sth. an advantage or a benefit 有利的

e.g.1. The company will lend you money on very favourable terms.  

     这家公司将以非常优惠的条件借钱给你。

2. Given favourable conditions, this cherry tree will grow very rapidly.  

      如果给它适宜的生长条件，这棵樱桃树可以长得很快。

Antonym: unfavourable a.

e.g. The climate there is unfavorable to its growth. (CET4-2006-06)

    那里的气候不利于它的生长。

16. crisp      a. crisp cloth or paper is smooth, clean, and fresh（布或纸）平整的，干净的，新的

e.g.1. He wore a hat and a crisp white suit.

     他戴着一顶帽子，穿着一身笔挺的白西装。

2. I slipped between the crisp clean sheets.

    我钻到崭新洁净的被单底下。

3. The bills were crisp and fresh.  

     这些钞票是平整的、崭新的。

17. disguise     vt. to hide sth. such as your feelings or intentions 掩盖；掩饰

e.g.

1. The firm tried to disguise its failure in false statements.  

     该公司想发表虚假声明来掩盖失败。 

2. The British team did not disguise their delight at their success.

      英国队毫不掩饰他们获胜的喜悦。

3. Their healthy image disguises the fact that they are highly processed foods.

      它们看上去有益健康，实则掩盖了其为精加工食品这一事实。

18. dubious      a.

1. not good or not of good quality 不好的；质量不佳的

e.g.1. He often hangs around with some dubious characters.  

     他常常和一些不三不四的人鬼混。

2. He has the dubious honour of being the first athlete to be banned in this way.

      他作为第一个被这种方式禁赛的运动员而臭名远扬。

2. not completely good, safe, or honest 令人怀疑的；不确定的；靠不住的

e.g. The testimony given by him is dubious.  

         他的证词是靠不住的。

19. indicative       a. (fml) showing that sth. will happen, is true, or exists 标示的；指示的；象征的；表明的

e.g.1. Their failure to act is indicative of their lack of interest. 

     他们未采取行动，这表示他们没有兴趣。

2. His presence is indicative of his willingness to help. 

     他的出席表示他愿意帮忙。

3. His presence is indicative of his wish to join us.  

     他的现身表示他想加入我们。