本章小结
Summary of this chapter
本章主要介绍了锅烹类技法中的滑炒、爆炒、清炒、生炒、熟炒、煸炒、贴制法、煎制法、焗制法等烹调技法。通过各种烹调技法的理论知识学习以及实训示例菜品的实训操作,帮助学习者对锅烹类技法的重要性和适用性的理解。
This chapter mainly introduces the cooking techniques of pot cooking, such as sliding frying, stir frying, clear frying, raw frying, cooked frying, stir frying, pasting method, frying method, baking method and so on. Through the theoretical knowledge learning of various cooking techniques and the training operation of training example dishes, help learners understand the importance and applicability of pot cooking techniques.
滑炒又称“上浆滑油炒”,选用无骨鲜嫩的动物性原料为主料,经刀工切成丝、片、丁、条形小件形状。滑炒勾芡有三种方法,分别是兑汁芡、投料勾芡和勾芡投料。爆炒法因配料和调味料不同,爆炒法还可以分为酱爆炒法、辣爆炒法、葱爆炒法、芫荽爆炒法、香糟爆炒法等,其制作手法大同小异。爆炒的过程可以分为焯、炸和炒三个步骤。清炒亦称“净炒”,需要选用质地脆嫩柔软、鲜味足的动植物原料,原料要加工成细小形状如丝、片、粒或自然形体小的原料,动物性原料需上浆后用温油滑至断生或焯水进行初步熟处理,烹调一般要用旺火或中火,且选用淡色或无色的调味料。生炒技法选料限于禽畜鱼肉的细嫩部位和鲜嫩蔬菜的茎、根、叶,要加工成片、丁、条、丝和小块等细小形状。烹调中要求手法灵活、配合默契、动作快、下调料准、出手要轻。熟炒的原料一般多为禽畜类或某些水产原料,其质地柔韧,不易散碎或熟制加热后易成形。原料不经糊浆处理,成菜不勾芡或少勾芡。煸炒又称边炒或干煽,就是用中、小火慢炒慢煸,使原料慢慢除去水分,成菜无汁无芡,质韧味香,味道透人莱中,才能符合质量要求。贴制技法需要注重原料的选择和成型、讲究拖糊下料,选择烹汁时机,强调烹汁效果,注重火候与烹汁量掌握。运用煎法制作菜肴时要不断晃锅或用手铲翻动,使其受热均匀两面一致,多呈金黄色或表皮酥脆。用盐焗法制作菜肴,要事先腌制入味,调味要准,用棉纸一定要包裹好,用粗盐焗时,一定要掌握好火候。
Stir frying, also known as "sizing and oil frying", selects boneless fresh and tender animal raw materials as the main material, and is cut into silk, slices, diced and strip pieces by knife workers. There are three ways to stir fry and thicken, namely, thicken with juice, add material and add material. Due to the different ingredients and seasonings, the stir frying method can also be divided into soy sauce stir frying method, spicy stir frying method, onion stir frying method, coriander stir frying method, fermented grains stir frying method, etc., and its production methods are similar. The process of stir frying can be divided into three steps: blanching, frying and frying. Clear frying, also known as "net frying", requires the selection of crisp, tender, soft and delicious animal and plant raw materials. The raw materials should be processed into small shapes such as silk, flakes, grains or small natural shapes. Animal raw materials need to be starched and smoothed with warm oil until they are cut off or boiled with water for preliminary ripening. Generally, high fire or medium fire should be used for cooking, and light or colorless seasonings should be selected. Raw and fried materials are limited to the delicate parts of livestock and fish meat and the stems, roots and leaves of fresh and tender vegetables. They should be processed into small shapes such as slices, diced, strips, silk and small pieces. Cooking requires flexible manipulation, tacit cooperation, fast action, accurate reduction of ingredients and light hand. The raw materials of cooked frying are generally livestock or some aquatic raw materials. Their texture is flexible and not easy to break or form after heating. The raw materials are not processed by paste, and the finished vegetables are not thickened or less thickened. Stir frying, also known as side frying or dry frying, is to stir fry slowly with medium or low fire, so that the raw materials can slowly remove the water, the finished dishes have no juice, no thicken, tough quality, fragrant taste, and the taste is through people's Lai, so as to meet the quality requirements. Pasting techniques need to pay attention to the selection and molding of raw materials, pay attention to dragging and pasting materials, select the timing of cooking juice, emphasize the effect of cooking juice, and pay attention to the control of heat and cooking juice quantity. When using the frying method to make dishes, we should constantly shake the pot or turn it with a hand shovel to make it heated evenly and consistent on both sides, mostly golden yellow or crispy skin. When making dishes with salt baking method, it is necessary to marinate and taste them in advance, the seasoning should be accurate, wrap them with cotton paper, and master the heat when baking with coarse salt.

