目录

  • 1 绪论(Introduction)
    • 1.1 中式烹调工艺概述(Overview of Chinese cooking technology)
  • 2 锅烹类技法实训(Pot cooking skills training)
    • 2.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 2.2 锅烹类技法导读(Introduction to pot cooking techniques)
    • 2.3 项目一:滑炒技法(Item 1: Slippery frying technique)
    • 2.4 项目二:爆炒技法(Item 2: Stir fry technique)
    • 2.5 项目三:清炒技法(Item 3: Clear frying technique)
    • 2.6 项目四:生炒技法(Item 4:Raw frying technique)
    • 2.7 项目五:熟炒技法(Item 5:Cooked frying technique)
    • 2.8 项目六:煸炒技法(Item 6:Stir-fry technique)
    • 2.9 项目七:贴制技法(Item 7:Paste technique)
    • 2.10 项目八:煎制技法(Item 8:Decocting technique)
    • 2.11 项目九:盐焗技法(Item 9:Salt baking technique)
    • 2.12 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 2.13 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 3 油烹类技法实训(Oil cooking skills training)
    • 3.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 3.2 油烹类技法导读(Introduction to oil cooking techniques)
    • 3.3 项目一:清炸技法(Item 1:Blasting technique)
    • 3.4 项目二:干炸技法(Item 2:Dry frying technique)
    • 3.5 项目三:纸包炸技法(Item 3:Paper fried technique)
    • 3.6 项目四:卷炸技法(Item 4:Roll blasting technique)
    • 3.7 项目五:碎屑料炸技法(Item 5:Chip blasting technique)
    • 3.8 项目六:泡油炒技法(Item 6:Oil soaking frying technique)
    • 3.9 项目七:红烧技法(Item 7:Braised technique)
    • 3.10 项目八:红扣技法(Item 8:Red button technique)
    • 3.11 项目九:脆熘技法(Item 9:Crispy frying technique)
    • 3.12 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 3.13 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 4 水烹类技法实训(Practical training of water cooking techniques)
    • 4.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 4.2 水烹类技法导读(Introduction to water cooking techniques)
    • 4.3 项目一:煮制技法(Item 1:Boiling technique)
    • 4.4 项目二:浸制技法(Item 2:Soaking technique)
    • 4.5 项目三:灼制技法(Item 3:Poaching technique)
    • 4.6 项目四:烩制技法(Item 4:Decocting technique)
    • 4.7 项目五:煲制技法(Item 5:Stewing technique)
    • 4.8 项目六:煨制技法(Item 6:Simmering technique)
    • 4.9 项目七:焖制技法(Item 7:Braiseing technique )
    • 4.10 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 4.11 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 5 汽烹类技法实训(Steam cooking skills training)
    • 5.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 5.2 汽烹类技法导读(Introduction to steam cooking techniques)
    • 5.3 项目一:清蒸技法(Item 1:Steaming technique)
    • 5.4 项目二:干蒸技法(Item 2:Dry steaming technique)
    • 5.5 项目三:粉蒸技法(Item 3:Dteaming with flour technique)
    • 5.6 项目四:蒸扣技法(Item 4:Bowl steaming technique)
    • 5.7 项目五:蒸瓤技法(Item 5:Stuffing steaming technique)
    • 5.8 项目六:蒸炖技法(Item 6:Steaming and Stewing technique)
    • 5.9 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 5.10 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 6 辐射类技法实训(Training of Radiation Cooking Techniques)
    • 6.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 6.2 辐射类技法导读(Introduction to Radiation Cooking Techniques)
    • 6.3 项目一:明炉烤技法(Item 1:Open-oven roasting technique)
    • 6.4 项目二:暗炉烤技法(Item 2:Closed-oven roasting technique)
    • 6.5 项目三:泥烤技法(Item 3:Mud roasting technique)
    • 6.6 项目四:烘烤技法(Item 4:Baking roasting technique)
    • 6.7 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 6.8 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 7 特殊类技法实训(Training of Special Cooking Techniques)
    • 7.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 7.2 特殊类技法导读(Introduction to special techniques Techniques)
    • 7.3 项目一:凉拌技法(Item 1:Cold mixing technique)
    • 7.4 项目二:制冻技法(Item 2:Cold jelly technique)
    • 7.5 项目三:生醉技法(Item 3:live alcohol-saturating technique)
    • 7.6 项目四:熟醉技法(Item 4:Alcohol-cooking technique)
    • 7.7 项目五:拔丝技法(Item 5:Wire drawing technique)
    • 7.8 项目六:制羹技法(Item 6:Thick soup making technique)
    • 7.9 项目七:铁扒技法(Item 7:Grilling technique)
    • 7.10 项目八:熏制技法(Item 8:Smoking technique)
    • 7.11 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 7.12 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
项目八:熏制技法(Item 8:Smoking technique)
  • 1 知识储备——熏法...
  • 2 实训示例——烟熏...
  • 3 拓展学习资料(&nb...

知识储备——熏法

Knowledge reserve——Smoking technique

技法介绍/Introduction to techniques

在主料经过初熟处理后,再用茶叶、木糠、松叶、柏枝、花生壳、黄糖粉等做燃料,将主料熏至外表色黄的烹调技法,叫熏法。熏制技法可分生熏和熟熏两种,所谓生熏,只是针对细嫩的生料,一次性将其熏制成;而熟熏,则是把原料先用其它方法制熟,然后再用烟来熏,以增添烟香风味。由于成品具有特殊的烟香,而且味道鲜醇可口,风味独特,色泽艳丽,所以深受食客的喜爱。

After the primary ripening of the main ingredients, the cooking technique of using tea, wood bran, pine leaves, cypress branches, peanut shell and yellow sugar powder as fuel to smoke the main ingredients to the yellow appearance is called fumigation. Fumigation techniques can be divided into raw fumigation and cooked fumigation. The so-called raw fumigation is only made of delicate raw materials at one time; Cooked fumigation is to make the raw materials cooked by other methods first, and then smoke to add the flavor of smoke. Because the finished product has special smoke flavor, fresh and mellow taste, unique flavor and gorgeous color, it is deeply loved by diners.

技法要求/Technical requirements

1.须选用新鲜、质嫩的动物性原料,如鸡、鸭、鹅、鱼、肉等。

1. Fresh and tender animal raw materials must be selected, such as chicken, duck, goose, fish, meat, etc.    

2.在选择生烟原料时,为了保证成菜具有烟香浓郁的特点,须选用香味浓郁且细小的材料,如樟木屑、松柏枝、茶叶、竹叶、甘蔗渣等。

2. When selecting raw materials for raw tobacco, in order to ensure that the finished vegetables have the characteristics of strong smoke flavor, it is necessary to select materials with strong flavor and fine flavor, such as camphor sawdust, pine and cypress branches, tea, bamboo leaves, bagasse, etc.

3.原料在熏制前一般都需要保持原状,以便熏制时受热均匀、色泽一致。如鸡、鸭、鸽经宰杀、去毛后,从下开一小口,掏出内脏,砍去脚爪即可。

3. Raw materials generally need to be kept in their original state before smoking, so that they can be heated evenly and have the same color during smoking. For example, after slaughtering and depilating chickens, ducks and pigeons, open a small mouth from the bottom, take out the internal organs and cut off the claws.

4.腌渍前需用毛巾将原料里外的水分及血污搌干,再用精盐、料酒、葱姜等料擦匀全身。

4. Before pickling, use a towel to dry the water and blood stain inside and outside the raw materials, and then wipe the whole body with refined salt, cooking wine, onion, ginger and other materials.

5.为保证菜肴在烟熏后能达到色泽艳丽、金黄油亮的效果,就需要在烟熏前对原料进行上色处理。常用的方法是在原料表面均匀地抹上一层饴糖水、酒酿汁或酱油,然后放于风口处吹干,再进行熏制。

5. In order to ensure that the dishes can achieve the effect of bright color and golden oil after smoking, it is necessary to color the raw materials before smoking. The common method is to evenly smear a layer of maltose water, wine juice or soy sauce on the surface of raw materials, and then dry them at the air outlet, and then smoke them.

6.须正确掌握熏烟各种烟熏料的性质和烟熏火力大小的控制。

6. The properties of various fumigation materials and the control of the size of fumigation fire must be correctly mastered.

代表菜品/Representative dishes

安徽菜“无为熏鸭”(见图6-8-1)、“生熏仔鸡”,宁波菜“烟熏黄鱼”,四川菜“烟熏腊肉”、“樟茶鸭”,湖南菜“安华腊肉”、“湘西腊肉”,江西菜“萍乡熏肉”,广东菜“烟熏鲳鱼”(见图6-8-2)、“茶香鸡”,广西菜“瑶族烟熏腊肉”、烟熏风味鸡”等。

Anhui cuisine "Wuwei smoked duck" (see figure 6-8-1), "raw smoked chicken", Ningbo cuisine "smoked yellow croaker", Sichuan cuisine "smoked bacon", "Zhangcha duck", Hunan cuisine "Anhua Bacon", "Xiangxi Bacon", Jiangxi cuisine "Pingxiang Bacon", Guangdong cuisine "smoked pomfret" (see figure 6-8-2), "tea flavored chicken", Guangxi cuisine "Yao smoked bacon" Smoked flavor chicken, etc.

                      图 6-8-1 无为熏鸭 Fig. 6-8-1 non smoked duck

                图 6-8-2 烟熏鲳鱼 Fig. 6-8-2 smoked pomfret