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1 知识储备——暗炉...
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2 实训示例——挂炉...
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3 拓展学习资料(&nb...
知识储备——暗炉烤
Knowledge reserve——Closed-oven roasting technique
【技法介绍】/Introduction to techniques
将烹饪原料经过事先加工腌制,用不锈钢钢钩勾上或者用不锈钢钢针串成串,也可以用铁皮盘盛装,放入封闭式的炉中,关上炉门或者盖上炉盖,让炉内的热能直接辐射使原料熟透至于外表香脆,这种加热工序叫暗炉烤法。暗炉也叫挂炉。暗炉的特点是能保持炉内的高温,使食材的周围均匀受热,容易熟到内部。
The cooking raw materials are processed and pickled in advance, hooked with stainless steel hooks or strung with stainless steel needles. They can also be filled with iron plates, put them into a closed furnace, close the furnace door or cover the furnace cover, and let the heat energy in the furnace radiate directly to make the raw materials ripe and crisp. This heating process is called dark furnace baking. Hidden furnace is also called hanging furnace. The characteristic of the hidden furnace is that it can maintain the high temperature in the furnace, make the surrounding of the food materials evenly heated and easy to cook to the inside.
现在使用的挂炉有瓦缸式样挂炉,砖砌式挂炉,不锈钢式挂炉,转盘式挂炉,壤坑式挂炉等,用木柴、木炭、电、燃气等提供辐射热能。
At present, the hanging furnaces used include tile cylinder hanging furnace, brick hanging furnace, stainless steel hanging furnace, rotary table hanging furnace, soil pit hanging furnace, etc., which provide radiant heat energy with firewood, charcoal, electricity, gas, etc.
【技法要求】/Technical requirements
1.选料要根据成菜标准选择恰当的原料。例如:烧鹅应选用鹅龄为90天左右中小个的清远黑棕鹅为优、体重3kg左右的肥嫩仔鹅,且鹅体表面须无瘀血及伤痕;烧鸭多选用鸭龄为70天左右的本地芝麻鸭为优、体重2kg左右,且鸭体表面无淤血及伤痕。
1. Select the appropriate raw materials according to the standard of finished dishes. For example, Qingyuan black brown goose, which is about 90 days old and small, should be selected as the best roast goose, and the fat and tender young goose weighing about 3kg should be selected, and the surface of the goose must be free of blood stasis and scars; The local sesame duck with a duck age of about 70 days is preferred, weighing about 2kg, and there are no congestion and scars on the surface of the duck.
2.肉类原料烤制前应根据要求进行腌制。例如:制作烧鹅、烧鸭等采用“灌汁腌制法”,一般以味汁灌至腹腔内能流动为度,汤汁灌好后,还需将其身体平放一段时间,以使汤汁均匀地浸渍腹腔;制作叉烧、烤羊腿等采用“裹汁腌制法”,一般将各种调味料混合在一起后将主料放入腌汁中不断翻拌均匀,使之入味。
2. Meat raw materials shall be pickled as required before baking. For example, roast goose and roast duck are made by "pouring juice and pickling method", which is generally based on the degree that the flavor juice can flow in the abdominal cavity. After the soup is poured, its body needs to be placed flat for a period of time to make the soup evenly impregnate the abdominal cavity; The "dressing and pickling method" is used to make barbecued pork and roast mutton legs. Generally, all kinds of seasonings are mixed together, and then the main ingredients are put into the pickling juice and continuously stirred to make it taste.
3.制作烧鸭、烧鹅时需要打气,打气以打至八成满为宜,不宜打得过满;刷脆皮水时要刷得均匀,否则烤出来后表皮色泽不一致。
3. When making roast duck and goose, it is necessary to pump up. It is appropriate to pump up to 80% full, not too full; Brush the crispy water evenly, otherwise the skin color is inconsistent after baking.
5.挂入炉中烤制时,一定要掌握火候,避免火候过高或过低而造成质量达不到标准。
5. When hanging in the oven for baking, we must master the heat to avoid the quality failing to meet the standard due to too high or too low heat.
【代表菜品】//Representative dishes
北京菜“北京烤鸭”,新疆菜“烤馕”“烤包子”(见图5-2-1),广西菜“烧鸭”,广东菜“新会古井烧鹅”(见图5-2-1)“蜜汁叉烧”等。
Beijing cuisine "Beijing roast duck", Xinjiang cuisine "roast Nang" and "roast steamed stuffed bun" (see figure 5-2-1), Guangxi cuisine "roast duck", Guangdong cuisine "Xinhui Gujing roast goose" (see figure 5-2-1) "honey barbecue", etc.

图 5-2-1 烤包子 Fig. 5-2-1 roasted steamed stuffed bun

图 5-2-2 新会古井烧鹅 Fig. 5-2-2 Xinhui Gujing roast goose






















