目录

  • 1 绪论(Introduction)
    • 1.1 中式烹调工艺概述(Overview of Chinese cooking technology)
  • 2 锅烹类技法实训(Pot cooking skills training)
    • 2.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 2.2 锅烹类技法导读(Introduction to pot cooking techniques)
    • 2.3 项目一:滑炒技法(Item 1: Slippery frying technique)
    • 2.4 项目二:爆炒技法(Item 2: Stir fry technique)
    • 2.5 项目三:清炒技法(Item 3: Clear frying technique)
    • 2.6 项目四:生炒技法(Item 4:Raw frying technique)
    • 2.7 项目五:熟炒技法(Item 5:Cooked frying technique)
    • 2.8 项目六:煸炒技法(Item 6:Stir-fry technique)
    • 2.9 项目七:贴制技法(Item 7:Paste technique)
    • 2.10 项目八:煎制技法(Item 8:Decocting technique)
    • 2.11 项目九:盐焗技法(Item 9:Salt baking technique)
    • 2.12 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 2.13 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 3 油烹类技法实训(Oil cooking skills training)
    • 3.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 3.2 油烹类技法导读(Introduction to oil cooking techniques)
    • 3.3 项目一:清炸技法(Item 1:Blasting technique)
    • 3.4 项目二:干炸技法(Item 2:Dry frying technique)
    • 3.5 项目三:纸包炸技法(Item 3:Paper fried technique)
    • 3.6 项目四:卷炸技法(Item 4:Roll blasting technique)
    • 3.7 项目五:碎屑料炸技法(Item 5:Chip blasting technique)
    • 3.8 项目六:泡油炒技法(Item 6:Oil soaking frying technique)
    • 3.9 项目七:红烧技法(Item 7:Braised technique)
    • 3.10 项目八:红扣技法(Item 8:Red button technique)
    • 3.11 项目九:脆熘技法(Item 9:Crispy frying technique)
    • 3.12 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 3.13 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 4 水烹类技法实训(Practical training of water cooking techniques)
    • 4.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 4.2 水烹类技法导读(Introduction to water cooking techniques)
    • 4.3 项目一:煮制技法(Item 1:Boiling technique)
    • 4.4 项目二:浸制技法(Item 2:Soaking technique)
    • 4.5 项目三:灼制技法(Item 3:Poaching technique)
    • 4.6 项目四:烩制技法(Item 4:Decocting technique)
    • 4.7 项目五:煲制技法(Item 5:Stewing technique)
    • 4.8 项目六:煨制技法(Item 6:Simmering technique)
    • 4.9 项目七:焖制技法(Item 7:Braiseing technique )
    • 4.10 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 4.11 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 5 汽烹类技法实训(Steam cooking skills training)
    • 5.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 5.2 汽烹类技法导读(Introduction to steam cooking techniques)
    • 5.3 项目一:清蒸技法(Item 1:Steaming technique)
    • 5.4 项目二:干蒸技法(Item 2:Dry steaming technique)
    • 5.5 项目三:粉蒸技法(Item 3:Dteaming with flour technique)
    • 5.6 项目四:蒸扣技法(Item 4:Bowl steaming technique)
    • 5.7 项目五:蒸瓤技法(Item 5:Stuffing steaming technique)
    • 5.8 项目六:蒸炖技法(Item 6:Steaming and Stewing technique)
    • 5.9 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 5.10 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 6 辐射类技法实训(Training of Radiation Cooking Techniques)
    • 6.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 6.2 辐射类技法导读(Introduction to Radiation Cooking Techniques)
    • 6.3 项目一:明炉烤技法(Item 1:Open-oven roasting technique)
    • 6.4 项目二:暗炉烤技法(Item 2:Closed-oven roasting technique)
    • 6.5 项目三:泥烤技法(Item 3:Mud roasting technique)
    • 6.6 项目四:烘烤技法(Item 4:Baking roasting technique)
    • 6.7 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 6.8 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 7 特殊类技法实训(Training of Special Cooking Techniques)
    • 7.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 7.2 特殊类技法导读(Introduction to special techniques Techniques)
    • 7.3 项目一:凉拌技法(Item 1:Cold mixing technique)
    • 7.4 项目二:制冻技法(Item 2:Cold jelly technique)
    • 7.5 项目三:生醉技法(Item 3:live alcohol-saturating technique)
    • 7.6 项目四:熟醉技法(Item 4:Alcohol-cooking technique)
    • 7.7 项目五:拔丝技法(Item 5:Wire drawing technique)
    • 7.8 项目六:制羹技法(Item 6:Thick soup making technique)
    • 7.9 项目七:铁扒技法(Item 7:Grilling technique)
    • 7.10 项目八:熏制技法(Item 8:Smoking technique)
    • 7.11 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 7.12 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
项目六:煨制技法(Item 6:Simmering technique)
  • 1 知识储备——煨法...
  • 2 实训示例——花生...
  • 3 拓展学习资料(&nb...

知识储备——煨法

Knowledge reserve——Simmering technique

技法介绍/Introduction to techniques

将加工处理的原料先用开水焯烫,放入锅中加足适量的汤水和调料,用旺火烧沸腾,撇去浮沫后加盖,再改文火慢慢的,长时间的加热至原料质脢,直至汤汁粘稠,原料完全松软成菜的技法叫做煨制技法。根据菜品颜色有红煨、白煨和其他颜色煨法。根据菜肴口味有甜咸煨、鲜咸煨、辣咸煨等多种。

First blanch the processed raw materials with boiling water, put them into the pot, add enough soup and seasoning, boil them with high fire, skim the floating foam and cover them, and then heat them slowly and for a long time until the soup is viscous and the raw materials are completely soft. The technique of cooking is called simmering technique. According to the color of dishes, there are red simmer, white simmer and other color simmer methods. According to the taste of dishes, there are sweet and salty simmer, fresh and salty simmer, spicy and salty simmer and so on.

与焖相似,同属长时加热成菜的方法,但又有所不同一是煨法比焖加热时间更长二是煨制的菜肴汤汁较宽、不勾芡。煨制原料焯水后需用清水洗净,烧沸后,应移至小火或微火上煨制,汤汁保持似沸非沸状态,以使汤汁清醇,原料完整不烂。煨法制作的菜肴具有味鲜醇厚、汤宽浓郁的特点。

Stewing method is similar to stewing method. It belongs to the method of heating dishes for a long time, but it is different. First, the heating time of stewing method is longer than that of stewing method. Second, the soup of stewed dishes is wider and does not thicken. After boiling, the raw materials should be washed with clean water. After boiling, they should be moved to a low fire or low fire to simmer. The soup should be kept in a boiling state, so as to make the soup mellow and the raw materials intact. The dishes made by simmering method have the characteristics of fresh and mellow taste and wide and rich soup.

技法要求/Technical requirements

1.用煨法制作菜肴,要选用老韧,富含蛋白质和风味物质的动物性原料,常用的有牛筋见图3-6-1)、甲鱼、海参见图3-6-2、鲍鱼、鱼膘干贝、火腿、牛肉、老鸭等。

1. When preparing dishes by simmering, animal raw materials with old toughness and rich in protein and flavor substances should be selected. Commonly used are fresh beef tendon (see figure 3-6-1), turtle, dried sea cucumber (see figure 3-6-2), abalone, fish fat, scallop, ham, beef, old duck, etc.

                              3-6-1 鲜牛筋 Fig. 3-6-1 fresh beef tendon

                       图 3-6-2 干海参 Fig. 3-6-2 dried sea cucumber

           图 3-6-3 酸萝卜煨老鸭  Fig. 3-6-3 stewed duck with sour radish   

2.刀工成形大块为主。

2. The cutter is mainly formed in large pieces.

3.为使汤汁浓稠,如果原料含脂肪太少,可适量加油煸炒,使油脂在煨制过程中在汤中乳化增加汤的浓郁风味

3. In order to make the soup thick, if the raw materials contain too little fat, stir fry with an appropriate amount of oil to emulsify the oil in the soup during the simmering process and increase the rich flavor of the soup.

4.沸腾后用小火或微火,在2~3h内始终保持汤汁滚沸状态,并注意不使汤汁溢出;也可以用高压锅进行加压烹制,但要严格控制加压时间既要保证原料酥软,又要防止过度酥烂。

4. After boiling, use low fire or low fire to keep the soup boiling for 2 ~ 3H, and pay attention not to overflow the soup; Pressure cooker can also be used for pressure cooking, but the pressure time should be strictly controlled to ensure that the raw materials are soft and prevent excessive crispness. 

5.在入锅煨制时,凡使用多种原料的菜肴,下料时均应做不同处理。性质坚实、能耐长时间加热的原料可以先下锅,耐热性差的辅料在主料煨制半酥时下入。

5. When boiling in the pot, all dishes with multiple raw materials should be treated differently during blanking. The raw materials with solid properties and long-term heating resistance can be put into the pot first, and the auxiliary materials with poor heat resistance can be put into the pot when the main material is simmered to make semi crisp.

代表菜品/Representative dishes

广西菜“花生煨猪脚,四川菜“酸萝卜煨老鸭”见图3-6-3,广东菜“家乡煨大鸭”、“茄汁煨牛肉”见图3-6-4,山东菜“烧煨面筋”,福建菜“佛跳墙”见图3-6-5等。

Guangxi cuisine "stewed pork feet with peanuts", Sichuan cuisine "stewed duck with sour radish" (see figure 3-6-3), Guangdong cuisine "stewed duck in hometown", "stewed beef with tomato sauce" (see figure 3-6-4), Shandong cuisine "stewed gluten", Fujian cuisine "Buddha jumping over the wall" (see figure 3-6-5), etc.

                图 3-6-4 酸萝卜煨老鸭 Fig. 3-6-4 stewed duck with sour radish

                    图 3-6-5 佛跳墙 Fig. 3-6-5 Buddha jumping wall