目录

  • 1 绪论(Introduction)
    • 1.1 中式烹调工艺概述(Overview of Chinese cooking technology)
  • 2 锅烹类技法实训(Pot cooking skills training)
    • 2.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 2.2 锅烹类技法导读(Introduction to pot cooking techniques)
    • 2.3 项目一:滑炒技法(Item 1: Slippery frying technique)
    • 2.4 项目二:爆炒技法(Item 2: Stir fry technique)
    • 2.5 项目三:清炒技法(Item 3: Clear frying technique)
    • 2.6 项目四:生炒技法(Item 4:Raw frying technique)
    • 2.7 项目五:熟炒技法(Item 5:Cooked frying technique)
    • 2.8 项目六:煸炒技法(Item 6:Stir-fry technique)
    • 2.9 项目七:贴制技法(Item 7:Paste technique)
    • 2.10 项目八:煎制技法(Item 8:Decocting technique)
    • 2.11 项目九:盐焗技法(Item 9:Salt baking technique)
    • 2.12 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 2.13 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 3 油烹类技法实训(Oil cooking skills training)
    • 3.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 3.2 油烹类技法导读(Introduction to oil cooking techniques)
    • 3.3 项目一:清炸技法(Item 1:Blasting technique)
    • 3.4 项目二:干炸技法(Item 2:Dry frying technique)
    • 3.5 项目三:纸包炸技法(Item 3:Paper fried technique)
    • 3.6 项目四:卷炸技法(Item 4:Roll blasting technique)
    • 3.7 项目五:碎屑料炸技法(Item 5:Chip blasting technique)
    • 3.8 项目六:泡油炒技法(Item 6:Oil soaking frying technique)
    • 3.9 项目七:红烧技法(Item 7:Braised technique)
    • 3.10 项目八:红扣技法(Item 8:Red button technique)
    • 3.11 项目九:脆熘技法(Item 9:Crispy frying technique)
    • 3.12 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 3.13 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 4 水烹类技法实训(Practical training of water cooking techniques)
    • 4.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 4.2 水烹类技法导读(Introduction to water cooking techniques)
    • 4.3 项目一:煮制技法(Item 1:Boiling technique)
    • 4.4 项目二:浸制技法(Item 2:Soaking technique)
    • 4.5 项目三:灼制技法(Item 3:Poaching technique)
    • 4.6 项目四:烩制技法(Item 4:Decocting technique)
    • 4.7 项目五:煲制技法(Item 5:Stewing technique)
    • 4.8 项目六:煨制技法(Item 6:Simmering technique)
    • 4.9 项目七:焖制技法(Item 7:Braiseing technique )
    • 4.10 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 4.11 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 5 汽烹类技法实训(Steam cooking skills training)
    • 5.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 5.2 汽烹类技法导读(Introduction to steam cooking techniques)
    • 5.3 项目一:清蒸技法(Item 1:Steaming technique)
    • 5.4 项目二:干蒸技法(Item 2:Dry steaming technique)
    • 5.5 项目三:粉蒸技法(Item 3:Dteaming with flour technique)
    • 5.6 项目四:蒸扣技法(Item 4:Bowl steaming technique)
    • 5.7 项目五:蒸瓤技法(Item 5:Stuffing steaming technique)
    • 5.8 项目六:蒸炖技法(Item 6:Steaming and Stewing technique)
    • 5.9 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 5.10 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 6 辐射类技法实训(Training of Radiation Cooking Techniques)
    • 6.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 6.2 辐射类技法导读(Introduction to Radiation Cooking Techniques)
    • 6.3 项目一:明炉烤技法(Item 1:Open-oven roasting technique)
    • 6.4 项目二:暗炉烤技法(Item 2:Closed-oven roasting technique)
    • 6.5 项目三:泥烤技法(Item 3:Mud roasting technique)
    • 6.6 项目四:烘烤技法(Item 4:Baking roasting technique)
    • 6.7 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 6.8 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
  • 7 特殊类技法实训(Training of Special Cooking Techniques)
    • 7.1 学习目标(Learning objectives)
    • 7.2 特殊类技法导读(Introduction to special techniques Techniques)
    • 7.3 项目一:凉拌技法(Item 1:Cold mixing technique)
    • 7.4 项目二:制冻技法(Item 2:Cold jelly technique)
    • 7.5 项目三:生醉技法(Item 3:live alcohol-saturating technique)
    • 7.6 项目四:熟醉技法(Item 4:Alcohol-cooking technique)
    • 7.7 项目五:拔丝技法(Item 5:Wire drawing technique)
    • 7.8 项目六:制羹技法(Item 6:Thick soup making technique)
    • 7.9 项目七:铁扒技法(Item 7:Grilling technique)
    • 7.10 项目八:熏制技法(Item 8:Smoking technique)
    • 7.11 本章小结(Summary of this chapter)
    • 7.12 本章检测题(Test questions in this chapter)
项目九:脆熘技法(Item 9:Crispy frying technique)
  • 1 知识储备——脆熘...
  • 2 实训示例——脆熘...
  • 3 拓展学习资料(&nb...

知识储备——脆熘

Knowledge reserve——Crispy frying technique

技法介绍/Introduction to techniques

脆熘俗称炸熘或焦熘。主料经腌渍入味,拍粉或者挂糊后放入热油中炸,炸至外表酥脆,捞起沥干油另用锅调煮好芡汁,将炸好的主料进锅熘炒几下,粘裹上芡汁即出锅装碟,这种加热调味工序,叫脆熘法。脆熘是熘法中使用比较广泛的一种技法用这种技烹制出的菜肴,特点是外焦香酥脆,内鲜嫩可口,故自来深受食客的喜爱。

Crispy fried is commonly known as fried or charred. The main ingredients are pickled and tasted, then fried in hot oil after baking powder or hanging paste. Fry until the appearance is crisp, remove and drain the oil, and then mix and cook the sauce in a pot. Put the fried main ingredients into the pot, fry a few times, stick and wrap the sauce, and then put them out of the pot and put them on a plate. This heating and seasoning process is called crisp frying method. Crispy frying is a widely used technique in the frying method. The dishes cooked with this technique are characterized by crispy outside and fresh and delicious inside. Therefore, they are deeply loved by diners.

技法要求/Technical requirements

1.主料挂糊或拍粉。为了使原料在炸制时不至于损失太多的水分,一般要先将原料挂上糊或拍上粉,这样方可保持原料的鲜嫩。

1. Paste or powder the main materials. In order not to lose too much water when frying the raw materials, it is generally necessary to hang the raw materials with paste or powder first, so as to keep the raw materials fresh and tender.

2.油炸处理。炸制原料时应正确掌握油温。第—欢炸制叫做熟炸,油温要稍低,—般为5~6成热,炸制时间要稍长,目的是使原料内外成熟一致。第二次炸制又叫复炸、脆炸,油温要高,约7~8成热,但炸制时间要短,目的是使原料表面迅速脱水,达到外脆里嫩的效果。

2. Deep frying treatment. When frying raw materials, the oil temperature should be correctly controlled. The first frying is called cooked frying. The oil temperature should be slightly lower, generally 50 ~ 60% hot, and the frying time should be slightly longer. The purpose is to make the internal and external maturity of raw materials consistent. The second frying is also called re frying and crisp frying. The oil temperature should be high, about 70 ~ 80% hot, but the frying time should be short. The purpose is to dehydrate the surface of raw materials quickly and achieve the effect of crispness outside and tenderness inside.

3.熘酱汁处理。在脆熘酱汁的制作中,一要注意勾芡的浓度,避免芡汁过稀或过稠;二是用油量要适当,不能过多或过少。油量过少,酱汁缺乏光泽,油量过多,又会造成脱芡,两者都达不到成菜的预期效果;三是应注意汁的时间,时间过短,汁不粘也不活,时间过长,水分又耗过多,使汁变浓,同时汁里边的油也会溢出,从而失去菜肴特色。

3. Crispy sauce treatment. In the production of crispy sauce, first, pay attention to the concentration of thicken to avoid too thin or too thick thicken sauce; Second, the oil consumption should be appropriate, not too much or too little. If the amount of oil is too small, the sauce lacks luster, and if the amount of oil is too large, it will cause de thicken, both of which can not achieve the expected effect of becoming a dish; Third, we should pay attention to the time of frying the juice. If the time is too short, the juice will not stick or live. If the time is too long, the water will be consumed too much, which will thicken the juice. At the same time, the oil in the juice will overflow, thus losing the characteristics of the dish.

4.裹汁处理。尽量使复炸和制作酱汁同时进行或者尽量缩短两者之间的时间间隔,以保持热料、热卤状态,才能使酱汁渗入到原料内部,菜品才会入味。料热酱汁冷或料冷酱汁热,都不能达到脆熘菜的成菜效果。

4. Juice wrapping treatment. Try to make the re frying and making sauce at the same time, or shorten the time interval between them, so as to maintain the state of hot material and hot brine, so that the sauce can penetrate into the interior of the raw materials and the dishes will taste. Hot materials and cold sauce or hot materials and cold sauce can not achieve the effect of crispy fried dishes.

代表菜品/Representative dishes

北京菜“焦熘鱼片”见图2-9-1,广东菜“菠萝咕咾肉”,河南菜“糖醋鲤鱼”,安徽菜“葡萄鱼”,江苏菜“松鼠鳜鱼”见图2-9-2,香港菜“柠汁脆皮鱼”等。

Beijing cuisine "fried fish slices" (see figure 2-9-1), Guangdong cuisine "pineapple sweet and Sour Meat", Henan cuisine "sweet and sour carp", Anhui cuisine "grape fish", Jiangsu cuisine "squirrel mandarin fish" (see figure 2-9-2), Hong Kong cuisine "Crispy Fish with lemon juice", etc.

                  图 2-9-1 焦熘鱼片 Fig. 2-9-1 fried fish fillet

             图 2-9-2 松鼠鳜鱼 Fig. 2-9-2 squirrel mandarin fish