锅烹类技法导读视频(中文版) Introduction video of pot cooking techniques (Chinese version)
锅烹类技法导读视频(英文版) Introduction video of pot cooking techniques (English version)
一、锅烹类技法内涵/Connotation of pot cooking techniques
以锅为传热介质,利用锅将热能直接传导给烹饪原料使原料成熟的方法叫锅烹。锅烹是中餐烹调中使用最为广泛的一类烹调方法,烹制食物时,锅内放少量的油在旺火上快速烹制,搅拌、翻锅。烹制的过程中,食物总处于运动状态。将食物扒散在锅边,再收到锅中,再扒散不断重复操作。
Taking the pot as the heat transfer medium and using the pot to directly transmit the heat energy to the cooking raw materials, the method of making the raw materials mature is called pot cooking. Pot cooking is the most widely used cooking method in Chinese cooking. When cooking food, put a small amount of oil in the pot, cook quickly on the high fire, stir and turn the pot. During cooking, food is always in motion. Spread the food around the pot, receive it in the pot, and then spread it, and repeat the operation.
锅烹类烹调技法有改变原料质地和色泽、迅速传导热能的作用,并能增加菜肴的含铁量和营养素,但也存在温度场不均匀、不稳定的现象,因此,锅烹要用翻锅、旋锅来调节火候。
Pot cooking cooking techniques can change the texture and color of raw materials, rapidly transmit heat energy, and increase the iron content and nutrients of dishes, but there are also uneven and unstable temperature fields. Therefore, pot cooking should use turning and rotating pot to adjust the heat.
二、锅烹类技法历史/History of pot cooking techniques
锅烹的起源和金属炊具的普及有着密切关系,中国出土有青铜器时代的青铜炊具,但价值高昂的青铜“鼎”并没有得到普及。中国特有的铸铁技术发明,在战国时代普及了农具,而后逐渐向炊具扩展。指导汉代,随着冶铁工艺的成熟与普及,使得铁锅开始进入了寻常百姓家。到了南北朝时期,随着“铁锅”与“植物油”的普及,终于为中国烹饪的代表技法——“炒”,奠定了基础。
The origin of pot cooking is closely related to the popularity of metal cookers. Bronze cookers from the bronze age have been unearthed in China, but the high-value bronze "Ding" has not been popularized. China's unique invention of cast iron technology popularized agricultural tools in the Warring States period, and then gradually expanded to cookers. In the Han Dynasty, with the maturity and popularization of iron smelting technology, the iron pot began to enter the homes of ordinary people. In the northern and Southern Dynasties, with the popularity of "iron pot" and "vegetable oil", it finally laid the foundation for the representative technique of Chinese cooking - "fried".
成书于北魏末年(公元533年-544年),是北朝北魏时期,南朝宋至梁时期,中国杰出农学家贾思勰所著的一部综合性农学著作,也是世界农学史上专著之一,是中国现存最早的一部完整的农书——《齐民要术》,这本书中就记有这样两道菜,一是“炒鸡子法”:打破,著铜铛中,搅令黄白相杂。细军葱白,下盐米,浑豉,麻油炒之,甚香美。 二是“鸭煎法”:用新成子鸭极肥者,其大如雉,去头,烂治(按,烂疑为切之误),却腥翠五藏(同脏),又净洗,细创如笼肉。细切葱白,下盐鼓汁。炒令极熟,下椒姜末,食之。这是“炒”用于做菜的明确的文字记载,这是中国乃至于世界菜肴史、烹任史上的大事,也是“锅烹”类技法的开端。自从“锅烹”被发明后,很快就为国人所接受,并发展成为独占鳌头、花样繁多的烹调方法。
The book was written in the late Northern Wei Dynasty (533-544 AD). It is a comprehensive agricultural work written by Jia Sixie, an outstanding Chinese agronomist in the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Southern Song and Liang dynasties. It is also one of the Monographs in the history of agriculture in the world. It is the earliest complete agricultural book in China - "Qi Min Yao Shu". There are two dishes in this book. One is the "fried chicken method": breaking, In the copper bell, stirring makes yellow and white mixed. Fine army scallion white, salt rice, muddy black bean, sesame oil fried, very fragrant and beautiful. The second is the "duck frying method": if the newly grown duck is extremely fat, it is as big as a pheasant, with its head removed and rotten governance (according to the law, rotten is suspected to be the mistake of cutting), but it is fishy and emerald with five Zang (the same viscera), clean and washed, and the fine creation is like cage meat. Finely cut scallion, add salt and drum juice. Stir fry until very ripe, add pepper and ginger, and eat it. This is a clear written record of "frying" used for cooking. It is a major event in the history of Chinese and even world cuisine and cooking, and it is also the beginning of "pot cooking" techniques. Since the invention of "pot cooking", it has quickly been accepted by the Chinese people and developed into a unique and varied cooking method.
三、锅烹类技法分类/Classification of pot cooking techniques
锅烹类技法在具体的操作中又分为滑炒技法、爆炒技法、清炒技法、生炒技法、熟炒技法、煸炒技法、贴制技法、煎制技法、焗制技法等。
Pot cooking techniques are divided into sliding frying techniques, stir frying techniques, clear frying techniques, raw frying techniques, cooked frying techniques, stir frying techniques, pasting techniques, frying techniques, baking techniques, etc.

