Part D          The Gates Foundation: Giving Away aFortune

 

Vocabulary Preparation:

 

give away to give something to someonebecause you do not want or need it for yourself 赠送

philanthropist  n.someone who makes charitabledonations intended to increase human well-being慈善家

foundation  n. an institutionsupported by an endowment 基金会

shun  v. to avoid and stay away fromdeliberately; to stay clear of 回避

publicity  n. the attention thatsomeone or something gets from newspapers, television etc. 公众的关注

forthe most part adv. in large part; mainly or chiefly 在极大程度上，多半

nonexistent  adj. notexisting 不存在的

superstition  n. an irrational belief arising fromignorance or fear 迷信

HIV n. a type of virus that enters the body through blood or sexualactivity, and can develop into  AIDS 艾滋病病毒

malaria  n. a disease that is common in hotcountries and that you get when a type of  mosquito bites you 疟疾

executive  n. a person responsible for theadministration of a business 经理；主管

probe   v. to ask questions in order to findthings out, especially things that other people do not want you to know 调查

livelihood   n. the financial meanswhereby one lives生计

gorgeous  adj. dazzlingly beautiful极好的

sterilized  adj. made free from livebacteria or other microorganisms 已消过毒的

substantially   adv.to a great extent ordegree充分地

priority   n. the thing that you think is most importantand that needs attention before anything else 首选；优先考虑的事物

vaccine   n. asubstance which contains a weak form of the bacteria or virus that causes adisease and is used to protect people from that disease 疫苗

eradication   n. the act of destroyingor completely getting rid of something such as a disease or a social problem 根除；摧毁

polio  n.an acute viraldisease marked by inflammation of nerve cells of the brain stem and spinal cord小儿麻痹症

take on toaccept a job or responsibility, especially a difficult one 承担

analytical  adj.using or skilled inusing analysis 善于分析的

driven  adj. urged or forced toaction through moral pressure受到驱策的

hard facts information that isdefinitely true and can be proven 无可动摇的事实；铁的事实

measure up toprovecapable or fit; to meet requirements  符合（标准）；达到（期望）

 

 

Notes:

 

The Middle Ages, in European history, lasted from the 5th to the15th century. It began with the collapse of the WesternRoman Empire and merged into the earlymodern period.中世纪

UttarPradesh / JtC pr[5deF /, “NorthernProvince”, is a state located in northern India. Lucknow is thecapital of Uttar Pradesh.  北方邦（印度人口最多的邦）

 

Exercise:Answer the following questions.

 

1.       How much money will the GatesFoundation give away?

2.       How will the Gates use the money?

3.       Where did Melinda Gates go andwhy?

4.       What are the priorities of theGates Foundation? Why?

5.       What do you know about MelindaGates from this report?