说New words

•        Icing 结冰

•        Leadingedge 前缘

•        Supercool超冷

•        Droplet水滴

•        Freezingfog 冰雾

•        Formation形成

•        Restrict限制

•        Malfunction故障

•        Additionally另外

•        Acoustic声学的、声音的

•        Lining内衬

•        Reliable可靠的

•        Penalty处罚

•        Buildup 建立

•        Adequate足够的

•        Instrumentation仪器

•        Nosecowl 前整流罩

•        Nosecone 鼻锥

•        Manifold总管

•        Oil 滑油

•        Anti-icingsystem 防冰系统

•        De-icingsystem 除冰系统

•        Disperse疏散、驱散

•        Upstream上游、上行

•        Regulate调节

•        Vent 通风口、出口

•        Overboard排出

•        Strut 支柱、支撑

•        Junctionbox 接线盒

•        Heater加热器

•        Scavengepump 回油泵

•        Tank 油箱

•        Cooler散热器

•        Via 经由、通过

•        Manual手动

•        Automatically自动

•        Detection检测

•        Economy经济

•        Offtake抽取、扣除

•        Take-off起飞

•        Spinner旋转器

•        Stripconductor 条形导体

•        Neoprene氯丁橡胶

•        Glasscloth 玻璃布层

•        Impregnate浸渍

•        Epoxyresin 环氧树脂

•        Erosion腐蚀

•        Polyurethane-basedpaint 聚氨酯基涂料

•        Icecap 冰帽

•        Generator发电机

•        Airframe机身

•        Element元素

•        Intermittently断断续续的

•        Adhesion粘附

•        Shedding脱落

•        Accommodate适应

读Sentence

•        1.Icing of the engine and the leading edges of the intake duct can occur duringflight through clouds containing supercooled water droplets or during groundoperation in freezing fog. Protection against ice formation may be requiredsince icing of these regions can considerably restrict the airflow through theengine, causing a loss in performance and possible malfunction of the engine.Additionally, damage may result from ice breaking away and being ingested intothe engine or hitting the acoustic material lining the intake duct.

•        5. Thehot air system provides surface heating of the engine and/or powerplant whereice is likely to form. The protection of rotor blades is rarely necessary,because any ice accretions are dispersed by centrifugal action. If stators arefitted upstream of the first rotating compressor stage these may requireprotection. If the nose cone rotates it may not need anti-icing if its shape,construction and rotational characteristics are such that likely icing isacceptable.

•        12.When the ice protection system is in operation, the continuously heated areasprevent any ice forming, but the intermittently heated areas allow ice to form,during their 'heat-off' period. During the 'heat-on' period, adhesion of theice is broken and it is then removed by aerodynamic forces.

•        13.The cycling time of the intermittently heated elements is arranged to ensurethat the engine can accept the amount of ice that collects during the'heat-off' period and yet ensure that the 'heat-on' period is long enough togive adequate shedding, without causing any run-back icing to occur behind theheated areas.

读全文并回答以下问题：

•       Listthe requirements of an ice protection system.

•       What’sthe differences between an anti-icing system and a de-icing system?