Unit7

Newwords

administrative
a. 
relating to the work of managing a company or organization 行政的；管理的
Although administrative positions may pay more thanteaching salaries, they often require more hours on the job. 虽然行政工作的薪金比教学工作的更多，但它们却往往需要更多的工作时间。

administrative assistant
n. 
[C] sb. who works in an office typing letters, keeping records, answeringtelephone calls, arranging meetings, etc. 行政助理

attorney
n. 
[C] a lawyer 律师

employee
n. 
[C] sb. who is paid to work for sb. else 受雇者；雇员
Knowing what an employer is looking for in a potential employeecan help someone to prepare for an interview. 了解雇主在寻找什么样的潜在雇员可以帮助人们准备面试。

accommodation
n. 
1 [sing., U] (fml.) a change in behavior or attitude that helps people worktogether or end a disagreement 迁就；通融；调和
The two sides failed to agree on every point, but theysettled on an accommodation for their differences. 双方未能对所有的意见都达成一致，但对他们的分歧达成了和解。
2 [U] a place for sb. to stay, live, or work 住处；工作场所
Having decided to find an appropriate accommodation, we setabout contacting all the rental agencies in the city. 我们决定要找一个合适的住处之后，就开始联络这个城市所有的租赁公司。

segment
n. 
[C] a part of sth. that is different from or affected differently from thewhole in some way 部分；段；片
Black people constitute the poorest segment of society inthe country. 黑人在该国社会中构成了最贫穷的阶层。

tolerance
n. 
1 [U] willingness to allow people to do, say, or believe what they want withoutcriticizing or punishing them 忍受；容忍；宽容
Tolerance is the quality of allowing other people to sayand do as they like, even if you do not agree with it or like it. 宽容是一种素质，它允许其他人说和做他们喜欢的事，即使你不同意或不喜欢。
2 [C, U] the degree to which sb. can suffer pain, difficulty, etc. withoutbeing harmed or damaged （对痛苦、困难等的）忍受程度，忍耐力
These students tend to have a poor tolerance forfrustration and give up easily when tasks become difficult. 这些学生往往对挫折的承受力差，在任务变得困难时会轻易放弃。

dispose
vt. 
1 (~ sb. to/toward sth.) (fml.) make sb. more likely to have particularfeelings or thoughts 使（某人）较倾向于
The body releases a chemical that disposes you towardsleep. 体内释放出一种使人昏昏欲睡的化学物质。
2 (~ of) get rid of sth., esp. sth. that is difficult to get rid of 丢弃，处理（尤指难以处理的东西）
Litter should be disposed of thoughtfully. 废弃物应仔细地处理。

disposed
a. 
likely to behave or think in a particular way 有…倾向的
He was a man of good character and was not disposed toviolence. 他人品很好，没有暴力倾向。

sector
n. 
[C] a part of an area of activity, esp. of business, trade, etc. （尤指商业、贸易等的）部门，行业
In the financial sector, investors in banks and insurancecompanies both have lost a lot of money. 在金融行业，银行和保险公司的投资者都损失了很多钱。

public sector
n. 
[sing.] the industries and services in a country that are owned and run by thegovernment 公营部门；国营部门

precede
vt. 
(fml.) happen or exist before sth. or sb., or come before sth. else in a series先于…（发生或存在）
A planning session at 11:30 will precede the lunchdiscussion. 11∶30召开计划会议，随后是午餐讨论。

mumps
n. 
[U] 腮腺炎

flourish
vi. 
1 develop well and be successful 繁荣；兴旺；成功
Honesty is one of the bases of any good relationship and noreal relationship can flourish without it. 诚信是任何良好关系的基础之一，离开它没有一种真正的关系能蓬勃发展。
2 grow well and be very healthy 茁壮成长
Very few plants will flourish without enough water. 没有足够的水，极少有植物能茁壮成长。

bystander
n. 
[C] sb. who watches what is happening without taking part 旁观者；局外人；看热闹的人

harness
vt. 
get control of sth. in order to use it for a particular purpose 利用；控制
The private business sector was to be harnessed tostabilize and to increase local employment. 私营企业将被用来稳定和增加当地的就业。

symbolic
a. 
important but not having any real effect 象征的；象征性的
People threw flowers into the river between the twocountries as a symbolic act of brotherhood. 人们把花扔进两国间的那条界河，这象征着两国之间的兄弟情义。

plausible
a. 
reasonable and likely to be true 可能正确的；有道理的
A more plausible explanation would seem to be that peopleare fed up with the Conservative government. 一个更合理的解释似乎是人们已厌倦了保守党政府。

hierarchical
a. 
dividing people or things into levels of importance 按等级划分的
A hierarchical structure merely defines who is in charge ofwhat and is accountable to whom. 按等级划分的结构仅仅能定义谁负责什么和谁对谁负责。

diplomatic
a. 
1 dealing with people politely and skillfully without upsetting them 讲究手腕的；灵活变通的
He managed to beat me at every argument as he was more thanmy match in diplomatic shrewdness. 他成功地击败了我的每一个论点，因为他比我更灵活变通。
2 relating to or involving the work of diplomats 外交的；从事外交工作的
To avoid a possible invasion by its neighbor, the countryis seeking help through diplomatic channels. 为了避免其邻国可能的入侵，该国正在寻求通过外交途径获得帮助。

diplomatically
ad. 
讲究手腕地；灵活变通地；外交地
You can say it diplomatically and with love by telling yourkids the reasons why you had to cancel the plan for a party. 你可以灵活地、满怀爱心地告诉你的孩子为什么你不得不取消聚会计划。

discrimination
n. 
[U] the practice of treating one person or group differently from another in anunfair way 歧视
Though I face discrimination as a female, I will never givein to pressure to stop trying my best to succeed. 虽然作为女性我受到歧视，可是我绝不会屈服于压力，我会尽最大的努力来取得成功。

petroleum
n. 
[U] 石油

export
n.
[U] the business of selling and sending goods to other countries 出口
They are now manufacturing more goods for export. 他们现在正在生产更多的产品以供出口。
v. 
sell goods to another country 出口
Their flowers are exported around the world. 他们的花卉出口到世界各地。

acre
n. 
[C] a unit for measuring area, equal to 4,047 square meters 英亩

county
n. 
[C] an area of a state or country that has its own government to deal withlocal matters （英国的）郡；（美国等国家的）县

erect
a.
in a straight upright position 直立的；垂直的
He’s very tall and erect for his 78 years. 年已78岁的他非常高大挺拔。
vt. 
put sth. in an upright position 竖起
Officials plan to erect a monument in the spacious squarein the center of the city. 官员们计划在市中心宽阔的广场上竖起一座纪念碑。

cashier
n. 
[C] sb. whose job is to receive or pay out money in a store, office, etc. 出纳员；收银员

auction
n. 
[C, U] a public meeting where land, buildings, paintings, etc. are sold to theperson who offers the most money for them 拍卖
After the housing market crashed, many bank-owned houseswere sold far below their market value at auctions. 房屋市场崩溃后，许多被银行收回的房屋以远低于其市场价的价格在拍卖会上被售出。

concession
n. 
[C] a change in your behavior that you make because of a particular situationor idea 妥协；迎合
As a concession, mother let Nell stay up an hour longer athis computer games. 作为妥协，母亲让内尔多玩一个小时的电脑游戏。

marine
a. 
(only before noun) relating to the sea and the creatures that live there 海洋的；海产的；海生的
Sadly, our beaches are full of trash, the sea is polluted,and marine life is endangered. 很不幸，我们的海滩上全是垃圾，海洋受到了污染，海洋生物受到了威胁。
n. 
[C] a soldier who serves on a ship 水兵；（英国/美国）海军陆战队士兵
From a letter in his pocket, an emergency room nurselearned that his son was a marine stationed in North Carolina. 从他口袋里的一封信中，急诊室护士了解到，他儿子是驻扎在北卡罗来纳州的海军陆战队士兵。

extent
n. 
[sing., U] the degree to which sth. happens or is likely to happen 程度；限度；范围
There is disagreement about the extent of Americaninfluence in Europe. 关于美国对欧洲的影响程度人们说法不一。

vice-
prefix used with the name of a senior job title for referring to the personholding a job immediately below that one 表示“副”（用于高级职位的名称前，表示仅次于这个职位的职位）
The vice-president is now in control of the school sincethe president is ill at home. 现在是副校长在管理学校，因为校长生病在家。

weapon
n. 
[C] sth. that you use to fight with or attack sb. with, such as a knife, bomb,or gun 武器；兵器；凶器

infer
vt. 
form an opinion that sth. is probably true because of information that you have（根据资料）推断，推定
From the evidence which the police collected so far, we caninfer that the victim knew her killer. 我们可以从警察至今收集的证据推断出被害人认识凶手。

violate
vt. 
1 do sth. that makes sb. feel that they have been attacked or have suffered agreat loss of respect 打扰；侵犯；侵害
The media regularly violates people’s privacy. 媒体经常侵犯人们的隐私。
2 disobey or do sth. against an official agreement, law, principle, etc. 违背；违反；侵犯
Thirty-four protesters were arrested for violating criminallaw. 三十四名抗议者因违反刑法而被捕。

valid
a. 
1 reasonable and generally accepted 有根据的；令人信服的
Police officers must have a valid reason for stoppingmotorists. 警察必须有正当的理由来拦截司机。
2 legally or officially acceptable 有效的；正式认可的
Your return ticket is valid for three months. 您的回程机票有效期为三个月。

offense
n. 
[U] (BrE offence) the act of offending or displeasing 得罪；冒犯行为
The attorney said his client committed the offense becausehe was out of control over his emotions, so he pleaded insanity. 律师说他的当事人因无法控制自己的情绪而做出冒犯行为，因此称其属于精神失常。

veil
vt. 
hide sth. behind sth. else 遮盖；掩饰
It was a gray morning with the drizzle beginning to veilthe hills. 这是一个灰蒙蒙的早晨，细雨开始笼罩山峦。
n. 
[C] a thin piece of material that women wear to cover their faces 面纱
Some women wear veils for religious reasons to preventstrangers from seeing their faces. 有些妇女出于宗教原因戴面纱，不让陌生人看到她们的脸。

compose
vt. 
1 (~ oneself) make oneself calm after being angry, upset, or nervous 使自己镇静下来
Standing in front of the platform, she took a moment or twoto compose herself and then walked a few steps toward her audience. 站在舞台前，她用了片刻的时间让自己镇定下来，然后向前朝观众走了几步。
2 (be ~d of) be formed from a number of substances, parts, or people 由…组成
Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. 水由氢和氧组成。

composed
a. 
calm and relaxed 镇静的；镇定的
To everyone’s surprise, Tom came out fairly composed aftera heated argument with his opponents. 出乎所有人的意料，汤姆与他的对手进行了激烈的争论后，出来时仍相当镇定自若。

headquarters
n. 
[pl.] the main building or offices used by a large company or organization 总部；总公司；总办事处
The international investment company, which has itsheadquarters in New York, has three branches in New York, one in Canada andfive in Spain. 总部设在纽约的那家国际投资公司在纽约有三家分公司，在加拿大有一家，在西班牙有五家。

identical
a.
exactly the same, or very similar 完全相同的；非常相似的
Physically, the two brothers were almost identical, butthey were worlds apart in their approach to life. 两兄弟虽然长得非常像，但他们的生活方式却有天壤之别。

cooperative
a. 
willing to cooperate 合作的
Employees who feel valued are more productive andcooperative. 感到受重视的雇员工作效率会更高，合作精神会更强。

context
n. [C, U] 
1 the situation, events, or information that are related to sth. and that helpyou to understand it 场合；周围情况；环境；背景
Indeed, the local people’s attitude toward the same policyvaries over time and with a changing social context. 确实，当地人民对同一政策的态度随着时间和社会背景的变化而变化。
2 the words that come just before and after a word or sentence and that helpyou understand its meaning 上下文；语境
You have to make full use of the clues given by the story’scontext, your common sense and knowledge of the world. 你必须充分利用故事的上下文，以及你的常识和你对世界的了解。

scan
vt. 
1 use a piece of equipment to read and store information in digital form 扫描
The entire paper contents of all libraries will eventuallybe scanned into computers. 所有图书馆的文本资料最终将被扫描进电脑。
Designs can also be scanned into the computer from paper. 设计图也可以从纸张被扫描进电脑。
2 (also ~ through) readsth. very quickly in order to get important or interesting information 粗略地看；浏览
Scan the newspaper article and make a note of the mainpoints. 把报纸上的文章粗略地看一下，并把要点记下来。

dispute
n. 
[C, U] a serious argument or disagreement 争论；辩论；争端；纠纷
There is no dispute that family and relatives are theprimary source of support for senior people at home. 家人和亲属是居家老人的主要支柱，这是不争的事实。

consultant
n. 
[C] sb. whose job is to give advice on a particular subject 顾问
He’s left his job as a computer programmer and is nowworking as a consultant for a German firm. 他已不做电脑程序员的工作，现在在一家德国公司做顾问。

vague
a. 
unclear because sb. does not give enough detailed information or does not sayexactly what they mean 含糊的；不明确的；不清楚的
The news they’ve released about the flood is vague andincomplete. 他们发布的有关水灾的消息含糊且不完整。

vaguely
ad. 
1 in a way that is not clear 模模糊糊地；不明确地
Always I was taught that money was not the most importantthing in life, so I will feel vaguely uncomfortable if there is too much of iton hand. 我总是被教导说，钱不是生活中最重要的东西，所以如果我手里有太多的钱，我会隐约地感到不舒服。
2 slightly 稍微；有点
The interview made him look vaguely ridiculous. 他在面试中表现得有点滑稽可笑。

Phrases and expressions

be disposed to do sth.
be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事；乐于做某事
His father was a large, comfortable-looking man who wasn’tdisposed to make a fuss. 他父亲个子高，看上去很舒服，不像是会大惊小怪的人。

on both counts
in both ways 在两个方面
I thought he was a kind and honest person, but I was wrongon both counts. 我原以为他是个善良、诚实的人，但这两点我都想错了。

take over
take control of sth. 接管；接任；接受
In the event of strike, the army will take over theresponsibility for fighting the fires. 万一发生罢工，军队将接管灭火的责任。

take a liberty/liberties with sb.
(old-fashioned) treat sb. without respect by being too friendly too quickly 与某人相处时太放肆
You mustn’t take liberties with the young women. 你切勿对年轻女士太随便。

feel at ease with sb.
feel relaxed with sb., esp. in a situation in which people might feel a littlenervous （与某人在一起）感到放松，不拘束
If you want to get well again, it is essential to feel atease with your therapist. 如果你想恢复健康，很重要的一点是你跟你的治疗师在一起时感到很放松。

make a concession/concessions to
allow sb. to have sth. in order to reach an agreement 为对某事或某想法取得一致意见作出妥协
Our company has made a concession to them in order to reacha settlement and to continue with business as usual. 为了达成和解并继续往常的业务，我们公司已对他们作出妥协。

to some extent
used to say that sth. is partly but not completely true 在某种程度上
We all tend to remember to some extent the good times andforget the bad. 我们都在一定程度上会记住美好的时光，而忘记痛苦的时刻。

come down to
if a complicated situation or problem comes down to sth., that is the singlemost important thing 归结为
The decision whether or not we can go on a vacation toEurope comes down to money in the end; that is, how much money we can afford. 我们能不能去欧洲度假的决定最终都归结到钱，即我们能拿出多少钱。

burst into
suddenly begin to make a sound, esp. to start singing, crying, or laughing 突然迸发（尤指开始唱歌、哭、笑等）
Before Mary even finished telling the anecdote, I couldn’thelp but burst into laughter. 还没等玛丽说完她那个有趣的故事，我就忍不住爆发出大笑。

take exception to sth.
be angry or upset because of sth. 因某事而生气（烦恼）
I take great exception to having such poor service here. 我对这儿糟糕的服务表示强烈不满。

stem from
develop as a result of sth. else 源于；来自；由于…发生
His love of writing, he believes, stems from his analyticaltraining at university. 他认为他对写作的热爱源于他在大学所接受的分析能力训练。