略读 (Skimming) 就是快读或简略地阅读。略读不同于查读 (Scanning) ，查读是带着问题到阅读材料中去寻找某一特定的信息，而略读则是用迅速浏览全文的方法尽快了解作者所要阐明的主题，了解文章的总体意思。比如阅读报刊文章，浏览文章的标题和每一段的第一句便足以使你了解文章的大致内容。略读时要把注意力集中在关键词语 (key words) 上， 有意识地“略过”一些语法词 (grammar words) ，如 to, and, is, the 等， “略过”一些不影响理解主题的生词。因此，在略读中识别关键词语十分重要。
● The following are the title and the irst sentence of each paragraph of Text B, Unit 7. Read them as quickly as possible to see if you can get the main idea of the passage.
Title: Students in Shock
Para.1: There are three reasons why today’s college students are suffering more than earlier generations. First is a weakening family support structure.
Para.2: Another problem college students face is financial pressure.
Para.3: A final cause of student shock is the large selection of majors available.
Para.4: While there is no magic cure-all for student shock, colleges have begun to recognize the problem and are trying in a number of ways to help students cope with the pressures they face.
Para.5: In addition, stress-management workshops have become common on college campuses.
Para.6: Finally, many schools are improving their vocational counseling services.
Para.7: If you ever feel that you’re “in shock,” remember that your experience is not unique.
● Read the following passage as quickly as possible, paying special attention to the boldfaced parts. Then try to give the main idea of the passage.
Japan: Classroom Disruption Takes Staff by Surprise
Michael Fitzpatrick
Japan’s classrooms are rapidly becoming places of fear.
Previously pupils may have dreaded violence from too strict teachers — but now educators themselves are saying they live in terror.
A record 1,609 teachers took a leave of absence in December because they were stressed by students’ intransigence, said the ministry of education.
Increasingly common lesson disruption has become known as “classroom breakdown” and has taken Japan’s once revered teachers by surprise.
The Japanese media is packed with reports from harassed teachers stunned by the spreading rebelliousness. NHK (Japan’s equivalent of the BBC) recently devoted a six-part series called Destruction of the Classroom to the problem. One in 12 classrooms nationwide fell into this category, it claimed.
Discipline has rarely been a problem before. Traditional teaching methods, based on Confucian precepts, required total silence from passive students who at least gave a semblance of paying full attention. Pupils were often told they should be “like grave stones” — all the same and silent.
Now teachers are beginning to lose control of the classroom as Japanese children embrace more aggressive, individualistic American and European codes of behavior, say sociologists.
Teachers say they are bewildered by disruptive or threatening behavior.
But teacher violence also appears to be growing. Although physical punishment is prohibited by law, the ministry of education said a record 414 teachers were reprimanded for striking students last month.
