Passage B

                                           The Man in the Moon Has Company

Cultural note:

Alan M.Macrobert (1951–) became an amateur astronomer in 1965. Later he became asenior editor for Sky &Telescope  magazine. His most populararticles are the Star-Hopping series of  28 deep-sky tours, many of which have been collected in his book Star-Hopping for Backyard Astronomers in1994.

（译文）月球上的人有同伴

1      Have you ever really looked at the moon? Really looked? You might be surprised at how much you can see.

（译文）你真的看过月亮吗？真的看了吗？你可能会惊讶于你能看到这么多。

2     The moon is the only world beyond the Earth whose land scape is laid out for view with the naked eye. If your eyesight is normal (orwell-corrected by glasses), you can make out a great many features on the moon's face—plains, mountainous regions, and the marks of meteorite impacts.The most obvious markings are dark gray patches. These are flat plains of lava, but 17th century astronomers using the newly invented telescope assumed they were water. They named each spot as if it were a sea, mare in Latin (pronounced mah-ray).

lay out 展示；安排

e.g. The city is laid out with wide avenues and beautiful parks.

这个城市有宽阔的大道和美丽的公园。

In the table etiquette, you have a lot to learn about how to lay out the knives and forks.

在餐桌礼仪中，关于怎么摆放刀叉你有很多要学习。

naked a. 裸体的；无装饰的

e.g. He opened the door, half naked.

他半裸地打开门。

The captive was stripped naked and brutally tortured.

俘虏被扒光衣服并受到严刑拷打。

eyesight n . 视力；目力

normal a. 正常的；正规的

e.g. It's normal for friends to have different opinions.

朋友之间有不同意见是正常的。

He led a normal life after he left prison.

他离开监狱后过着正常的生活。

plain n. 平 原

mountainous a . 多山的；巨大的  meteorite impact 陨石撞击作用  patch n. 碎片；斑点

lava n. 火山岩浆

...but 17th century astronomers using the newly invented telescope assumed they were water.

Note: 该句中现在分词结构“using the newly invented telescope” 做后置定语修饰“astronomers”。

They named each spot as if it were a sea, mare in Latin (pronounced mah-ray).

Note: 此处的 as if 引导的方式状语从句中使用了虚拟语气，是对现在的虚拟。

（译文）月球是地球之外唯一一个景观可以用肉眼看到的世界。如果你的视力正常（或者佩戴眼镜矫正视力正常），你可以辨认出月球表面的许多特征——平原、山区和陨石撞击的痕迹。最明显的斑纹是深灰色的斑块。那些是平坦的熔岩平原，但 17 世纪的天文学家们使用新发明的望远镜看向月球，以为它们是水。他们把每一个地方都命名为“海”，用拉丁语说就是“mare”（发音为 “mah-ray”）。

3     The following diagram identifies the largest “seas”. Mare Tranquilities, the Sea of Tranquility, is famous as the site where Neil Armstrong first set foot in 1969. To its upper left is Mare Serenitatis, the Sea of Serenity, and MareImbrium, the Sea of Rains. All three are roughly circular, the result of lava's flooding gigantic craters left by meteorite impacts when the moon was young. To their left is the larger, more formless Oceanus Procellarum, the Ocean of Storms, with Mare Humorum (Sea of Moisture) and Mare Numbium (Sea of Clouds) below it. The large bright areas are mountainous, cratered terrain made of lighter colored rock.Tiny bright patches in Oceanus Procellarum are splashes of bright-colored rock kicked up by the formation of individual craters.

diagram n. 图表；图解

Mare Tranquilities, the Sea of Tranquility, is famous as the site where Neil Armstrong first set foot in 1969.

Note: 该句中 where 引导的是定语从句，修饰 “site”。

Mare Tranquilities 宁静海（是月球上的一处月海，位于宁静盆地之内）

tranquility n. 宁静；平静

Neil Armstrong尼尔·阿姆斯特朗（美国宇航员，是第一个离开地球踏上月球的人）

set foot 进入到某处；行走

e.g. She refused to set foot in his dormitory because it is smelly.

她拒绝踏入他的宿舍，因为很难闻。

He has never set foot in China but he is always fantasizing about visiting the country.

他从未去过中国，但他总是幻想着拜访这个国家。

Mare Serenitatis 澄海（月海之一）

serenity  n. 平静，宁静

e.g. Thanks to her comforting words, I was back to serenity.

多亏了她的安慰，我恢复了平静。

She calmed down when she saw the beauty and serenity of nature.

当她看到大自然的美景和静谧时，她平静了下来。

Mare Imbrium 雨 海

All three are roughly circular, the result of lava's flooding gigantic craters left by meteorite impacts when the moon was young.

Paraphrase: All three are round in shape. They wereformed when lava filled the giant meteorite holes when the moon was young.

roughly ad . 粗糙地；概略地

circular a. 循环的；圆形的

e.g. The ceiling of our school's auditorium is circular.

我们学校礼堂的天花板是圆形的。

A square will be constructed in the circular area.

将在圆形区域中建造一个广场。

cratern. 火山口；坑

Oceanus Procellarum 月面风暴洋

Mare Humorum湿海（月面）

moisture n. 水分；湿度

e.g. Central heating causes moisture loss.

中央暖气系统导致水分丧失。

This cream contains a special ingredient to retain moisture of the skin.

这款面霜含有一种特殊成分，可以锁住皮肤的水分。

Mare Numbium 云 海

...cratered terrain made of lighter colored rock.

Note: 该处 “made of lightercolored rock” 是过去分词结构做后置定语修饰 “terrain”。

terrain n. 地形，地势

Tiny bright patches in Oceanus Procellarum are splashes of bright-colored rock kicked up bythe formation of individual craters.

Note: 该句中过去分词结构 “kicked up by...” 做后置定语修饰 “rock”。

splash v./n . 溅，泼

e.g. Trying to stay vigilant, the policeman splashed his face with cold water.

为了保持警惕状态，警察将冷水泼在脸上。

The diver splashed water onto the floor.

这位跳水者溅起了水花到地板上。

（译文）下图显示了最大的“海洋”。“宁静海”是尼尔·阿姆斯特朗 1969 年首次登陆月球的著名地点。在它的左上方是“澄海”和“雨海”。这三个地方的表面大致都是圆形的，这是在月球年轻时，熔岩漫过陨石撞击留下的巨大陨石坑而形成。在它们的左边是更大、没有明确形状的“月面风暴洋”，它的下方是“湿海”和“云海”。大片明亮的区域是由浅色岩石构成的多山、坑洼的地形。“风暴洋海”中小块明亮的区域是在单个陨石坑形成过程中溅出的色彩鲜艳的岩石。

4     Witha little imagination, the gray seas suggest aface, the familiar man in the moon with his lopsided smile and weepy eyes. We are born with a brain that tries to find meaning everywhere, even in the most random, meaningless patterns—and human faces are what we are programmed to recognizemost readily of all. So most people have no trouble seeing the man in the moon, with his enigmatic, clownish grin.

lopsided a . 不平衡的，倾向一方的

e.g. Our team won by a lopsided score of 8 to 1.

我们队以 8 比 1 的大比分获胜。

weepy a. 眼泪汪汪的；要哭的

e.g. Remember to bring some tissue because she is always weepy during the movie.

记得带一些纸巾，因为她看电影时总是眼泪汪汪。

Weddings will make a sentimental personweepy. 婚礼会使一个多愁善感的人热泪盈眶。

We are born with a brain that tries to findmeaning everywhere, even in the most random, meaningles spatterns—and human faces are what we are programmed to recognize most readily of all.

Paraphrase: It is human nature that we try to make senses of everything. Most likely, we tend

to recognize human faces out of the most random and meaningless patterns.

random a. 随机的；任意的

e.g. Are there any patterns for the seemingly random terrorist attack?

在看似随机的恐怖袭击中有什么固定模式吗？

Passengers' luggage will be checked at random to make sure there is no smuggling.

将随机检查乘客的行李，以确保没有走私。

enigmatic a. 神秘的；高深莫测的

e.g. There is an enigmatic smile on her face which intrigues the imagination of researchers.

她的脸上带着一种神秘的微笑，引发了研究人员的想象力。

Students complained about the enigmatic grading system of the school.

学生抱怨学校让人费解的评分系统。

clownish a . 滑稽的，似小丑的

e.g. This comedian is very funny and clownish in the movie.

这个喜剧演员在电影中非常有趣和滑稽。

I can't forgive his clownish stupidity when he should behave in a professional way.

他应该以专业的方式行事时却表现得愚蠢可笑，对此我无法原谅。

grin n./v. 露齿而笑，咧着嘴笑

e.g. Whenever you see him, there is a big grin on his face.

无论你何时看到他，他的脸上都有一个大大的笑容。

In Chinese culture, if something embarrassing happens, people may grin to relieve their embarrassment.

在中国文化中，如果发生令人尴尬的事情，人们可能会咧嘴一笑来消除尴尬。

（译文）只要有点想象力，灰色的大海像一张脸，月亮上那个面熟的人，带着歪向一边的微笑和哭泣的眼睛。我们的大脑生来就试图在任何地方寻找意义，即使是在最随机、最无意义的模式中——人类的面孔是我们最容易识别的。因此，大多数人看到月球上这个有着神秘的、小丑般的笑容的人并不难。

5     Other cultures have seen other shapes in this celestial Rorschach test. A surprisingly wide variety of peoples saw a rabbit in the moon. According to the Aztecs, the moon was pure white until one of their gods flung a rabbit against it. In India, the story goes that a rabbit leaped into a fire to sacrifice himself to feed a starving beggar. The beggar turned out to be the god Indra in disguise. He put the rabbit on the moon so allcould remember its act of generosity. In ancient China, the rabbit was carried there by the moon goddess Heng O, who was fleeing her angry husband. The Chinese also saw a toad in the moon. Others have seen an old mancarrying sticks, a beetle, and a woman reading a book.

celestial a. 天上的，天空的

Rorschach test 罗尔沙赫氏试验（视对墨渍图案反应而分析其性格的实验）

the Aztecs 阿兹台克人（存在于 14 世纪至 16 世纪的墨西哥古文明）

fling v. 掷，抛

e.g. The naughty boy flung his basketball into a waste basket.

那个调皮的男孩将他的篮球掷进了废纸篓。

You are not supposed to fling this study manual, and you should take notes on it whenever you go to the party lectures.

你们不要丢弃学习手册，并且无论何时去上党课都应在手册上做记录。

In India, the story goes that...

Note:该处的 go 是特殊的一种用法，表示 “to say, especially when a story is being told” ，即讲故事或唱诗歌时的“说”。更多例子：

I can't remember how the song goes.

我不记得那首歌怎么唱。

The story goes that the princess marries a prince.

故事说公主和王子结婚。

sacrificev./n. 牺牲；献祭

e.g. The brave policeman sacrificed his young life for the drowning child.

那位警察为了挽救溺水的孩子牺牲了自己年轻的生命。

Nowadays many women are forced to sacrifice their careers for their families.

如今许多女性被迫为了家庭而放弃自己的工作。

starving a. 饥饿的；挨饿的

e.g. The lion didn't find any prey and was starving.

狮子没有找到任何猎物，饥肠辘辘。

He always came back home late in the night, feeling starving.

他总是在深夜回到家中，感到饥肠辘辘。

Indra n. 因陀罗（古印度神话中印度教的主神，主管雷雨）

in disguise乔装的；装扮的

e.g. The woman in the park turned out to be a police officer in disguise.

公园里的那个女人是一个乔装的警察。

generosity n. 慷慨，大方ancient a . 古代的；古老的toad n. 蟾蜍；癞蛤蟆

Others have seen an old man carrying sticks, a beetle, and a woman reading a book.

Note: 该句中的 “carrying sticks” 和 “reading a book” 都是现在分词做后置状语，分别修饰“an

oldman” 和 “a woman”。stick n . 棍；手杖  beetle n. 甲（壳）虫

（译文）其他文化中的人们通过天体罗尔沙赫氏试验看到了其他的形状。令人惊讶的是，许多不同种族的人都看到了月球上有只兔子。根据阿兹台克人的说法，在他们的一位神灵把一只兔子扔向月亮之前，月亮是纯白的。在印度，有个故事是这样的：一只兔子跳进火里，牺牲自己去喂一个饥饿的乞丐。那个乞丐原来是乔装打扮的因陀罗神。他把兔子放在月球上，这样所有人都能记住它的慷慨行为。在中国古代，月亮女神恒娥（嫦娥）为了躲避愤怒的丈夫，把兔子带到了那里。中国人还在月球上看到了一只蟾蜍。另一些人看到一个老人拿着棍子，一只甲虫，还有一个女人在看书。

6     The ancient Greeks weren't satisfied with this sort of fantasy. Some wanted to know what the spots actually were. One idea was that they were reflections of the Earth's continents and seas. But others showed that this was not possible. Pluto of Chaeronea, a Romanized Greek who lived from about 46 to 120 CE, wrote a book titled On the Face of the Disk of the Moon. He reported a wide variety of opinions about the moon and gave arguments for and against each. He refuted some of those theories, such as the one that the markings were illusions in the eye of the beholder. Instead he suggested, rightly, that the light and dark areas are composed of different materials. He demonstrated that the moon's phases prove it to be a solid, opaque sphere with a rough surface lit by sunlight, an object very much like the Earth. Extending this analogy, he declared that the moon was covered with mountains and valleys. This very correct idea may have been suggested by the small irregularities that can be seen in the moon's straight edge near its quarter phases. They are indeed shadows cast by lunar mountains.

sort n . 类；类型

Chaeronea n. 喀罗尼亚（古希腊城邦）

Romanizev. 古罗马化

...wrote a book titled On the Face of the Disk of the Moon.

Note: “titled...” 是过去分词做定语修饰 book。

diskn. 圆盘，盘状物    opinionn. 意见；主张   refute v. 反驳，驳斥

e.g. You need to provide more evidence to refute his testimony.

你需要提供更多证据来驳倒他的证词。

Some scientists made an attempt to refute his theory.

一些科学家试图驳倒他的理论。

...such as the one that the markings were illusions in the eye of the beholder.

Note: 该句中that引导的是同位语从句。

illusion n. 幻觉，错觉

e.g. I have no illusions about how difficult the test will be.

我对考试的难度不抱幻想。

The well-organized girl managed to create the illusion of space in a tiny apartment.

这个女孩很有条理，设法将一个小小的公寓布置得像有大空间的错觉。

beholder n. 旁观者；观看者

e.g. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

情人眼里出西施。

The Stone henge in Britain inspires wonder in the beholder.

英国的巨石阵激发了参观者的好奇。

compose (be composedof) v. 构成；组成

e.g. Twelve people compose the jury.

陪审团成员有十二人。

The institute is composed of scholars and judges.

该研究所由学者和法官组成。

demonstrate v. 证明；展示

e.g. The salesman demonstrates how to operate the machine.

这个推销员演示了如何操作机器。

Recent chaos in that country demonstrates their failure in democratization.

该国最近的混乱表明他们在民主化方面的失败。

phase n. （月亮的）盈亏

solid a . 固体的；可靠的

opaque a. 不透明的；不传热的

e.g. The window of our caris opaque.

我们的车窗不透明。sphere n . 范围；球体object n. 目标；物体

Extending this analogy, he declared that the moon was covered with mountains and valleys.

Note: 该句中 extending this analogy 是现在分词做方式状语。

analogyn. 类比；类推

e.g. In the book, there is an analogy between human and animal behaviors.

这本书中将人类行为与动物行为进行了类比。

The professor drew an analogy between running a company and raising children.

教授把经营公司和养育孩子进行类比。

valley n. 山谷；流域

irregularity n. 不规则；无规律

e.g. The irregularity of his teeth in growth is a headache to his parents.

他的牙齿生长不规则让他的父母头疼。

The irregularityof diet caused his stomachache.

饮食的不规律引起了他的胃疼。

straight a. 直的；笔直的

e.g. She has long and straight legs.

她的腿又长又直。

In the military training, the students learned how to quickly stand in a straight line.

在军训的时候，学生们学会了如何快速站成一条直线。

shadow n. 阴影；影子

cast v. 投射（光、影、视线等）

e.g. The lamp cast a shadow on the ground.

灯在地上投下阴影。

There are candles casting light during the blackout.

在停电期间有蜡烛投射灯光。 过去式：cast过去分词：cast    lunara. 月球的；阴历的

（译文）古希腊人并不满足于这种幻想。有些人想知道这些斑点到底是什么。一种观点认为它们是地球大陆和海洋的反射。但其他人则表示这是不可能的。喀罗尼亚的布鲁托是一位生活在公元46年到公元 120 年之间的罗马希腊人，他写了一本名为《在月球表面》的书。他记录了关于月球的各种各样的观点，并给出了支持和反对每一种观点的论据。他驳斥了其中一些理论，比如认为这些标记是观察者眼中的幻觉。相反，他提出一个正确的观点，亮区和暗区是由不同的材料组成的。他指出，月球的盈亏证明它是一个固体，一个不透明的球体，表面粗糙，受到阳光照射，是一个非常像地球的物体。他进一步扩展了这个类比，宣称月球上覆盖着山脉和山谷。这个非常正确的想法可能来源于此——在月亮即将达到四分之一大小时（即上弦月或下弦月，译者注），可以看到在笔直的边缘处有一些小的不规则的形状。它们确实是月球山的阴影。

7       Plutarch recorded some even more remarkable ancient findings. Hequotes Aristarchus  as determining the moon to be between 0.31 and 0.40 the size of the Earth (close enough; the true value is 0.27). He cites an unidentified philosopher who measured the moon's distance to  be, in modern units, about 215,000 miles (the true value average 240,000). All this was done with nothing but the naked eye, probably some crude sighting tools, and an excellent knowledge of geometry by people who had outgrown tales about faces and rabbits.

Plutarch n. 普鲁塔克（希腊历史学家）

quote (as) v. 引用；引述

e.g. When she speaks, she likes to quote the famous sayings from history.

当她说话时，她喜欢引用历史上的著名格言。

She quoted her parents as saying they would ground her if she didn't come back home at 11 p.m..

她引用她父母的话说，如果她晚上11 点没有回家，他们会禁足她。

Aristarchus n. 阿利斯塔克（古希腊天文学家）

citev. 引用；引述

e.g. If you are writing an argumentation, you can cite some examples to illustrate your opinion.

如果您正在撰写议论文，可以举出一些例子来说明您的观点。

She cited many reasons why people felt unsatisfied with their life. 

她列举了许多人对自己的生活感到不满意的原因。

辨 析 cite 和 quote

quote v./n. 指引用，通常指一字不差地重复书籍或文章中的段落或短语来证明或举例说明

cite v. 指引用，指引用权威的例子或者他人说过的话来作为论点的凭证。

e.g. At the end of his speech he quoted a line from the Gettysburg Address.

在演讲结束时，他引用葛底斯堡演说中的一句话。

He is always quoting famous people to show knowledge ability.

他总是引用名人名言来显示知识渊博。

Several reasonsare cited to illustrate why some people can't be satisfied in marriage.

为什么一些人对婚姻不满意，可以用几个原因来解释。

measure v. 测量；度量

All this was done with nothing but the naked eye...

Note: 该句中的 “nothing but” 相当于“only”，表示“只有”。更多例子：

I can see nothing but the sky through the window.

透过窗户，我只能看到天空。

She can do nothing but weeping. 

她能做的只有哭泣。

crude a. 粗略的；简略的

e.g. To put it in a crude way, the rich are enjoying too much more than the poor.

简略地说，富人比穷人享受更多。

The artist drew a crude painting of her face in several seconds.

这位艺术家在几秒钟内画了一幅她面部的简略图。

geometry n. 几何（学）

outgrow v. 长大（或发展）得使…不再适用（有超越的含义）

e.g. I didn't buy many shoes for my son because he would outgrow them in several months.

我没有为我的儿子买很多鞋，因为几个月后他就穿不进去了。

The agency expanded quickly and outgrew its office place.

这个机构迅速扩大，办公地点已经容纳不下了。

tale n. 故事；传说

（译文）普鲁塔克记录了古代一些更引人注目的发现。他引用阿利斯塔克斯的话，认为月球的大小介于地球的 0.31 到 0.40倍之间（非常接近；真正的值是 0.27）。他引用了一位身份不明的哲学家的观点，这位哲学家测量了月球与地球之间的距离，以现代计量单位计算，这大约为  21.5  万英里（实际值为平均 24万英里）。所有这一切都是用肉眼完成的，也许还有一些粗糙的探测工具，以及那些已经成熟、不再相信月球上的人脸和兔子的故事的人所拥有的出色的几何知识。

8       Today we're spoiled by technology. People think they can't see any thing in the sky without a telescope, much less figure out what it is. But a good eye and brain can go a long way.

spoil v. 溺爱；糟蹋

e.g. As a single child in the family, her parents spoiled her.

作为家里唯一的孩子，她的父母宠坏了她。

On their first date, the man spoiled their romance by shouting at the waitress.

在他们第一次约会时，这名男子冲女服务员大叫，破坏了他们的浪漫。

go a long way    be very successful 成功，大有成就

e.g.  Being respectful can go a long way in the society.

对人表示尊重会让你在社会上有所成就。

Talented, he can go along way.

他很有天赋，会大有作为。

（译文）今天我们被科技宠坏了。人们认为没有望远镜他们就看不见天空中的任何东西，更不用说弄清楚它是什么了。但是细致的观察和聪慧的思考会让你成功。

Understanding the Reading

Task 1Identifying main ideas and supporting ideas

Complete the main ideas(M) and supporting ideas (S) for three paragraphs of the passage. Write no more than three words in eachblank.

Para. 2

M: You can seea great many features on the surface of the moon if your eyesight is normal.

S1: You can see plains, mountainous regions, and the marks of meteorite impacts. 

S2: The most obvious markings on the moon are dark grey patches.

Para. 4

M: With a little imagination, the grey areas of the moon suggest a face.

S1: We are programmed to recognize faces most readily of all in random patterns.

S2: Most people can easily see the lopsided grin and weepy eyes of the “man in the moon”.

Para. 5

M: A wide variety of peoples did not see a man in the moon, but instead saw different animals.

S1: The Aztecs believed that the moon was pure white until one of their gods flung a rabbit against it.

S2: The Chinese saw a toad in the moon.

Task 2     Paraphrasing

Paraphrase the following sentences from the passage according to your understanding.

1.     The moon is the only world beyond the Earth whose landscape is laid out for view with the naked eye. (Para.2)

The moon is the only body in space whose landscape we can view without the aid of telescopes.

2.     Today we're spoiled by technology. (Para. 8)

Nowadays, we are too dependent on technology.

3.     But a good eye and brain can go a long way. (Para.8)

In many cases, we can figure things out without the use of technology if we use our eyes and minds.

Task 3Note answers to the questions below. Then discuss with a partner.

1.    Why do we refer to the dark grey patches on the moon as“seas”?

Suggested answer:

We refer to the dark grey patches on the moon as “seas”, because 17th century astronomers assumed that these patches were water, and named each one as if it were a sea.

2.     Why are the moon's three largest “seas” all roughly circular in shape?

Suggested answer:

The moon's three largest“seas” are all roughly circular in shape, because they were created by lava's flooding of gigantic craters left by meteorite impacts when the moon was young.

3.     Why was it believed by ancient Indians that a rabbit was put on the moon?

Suggested answer:

According to ancient Indian legend, a rabbit leaped into a fire to sacrifice himself to feed a starving beggar. However, the beggar was the god Indra in disguise. As a token of appreciation, Indra put the rabbit on the moon so that all people would remember the rabbit's brave act of generosity.

Exploring Vocabulary

 Task 4Replace the underlined part of each sentence with a word or phrase in the box. Change the form when necessary.

1.    It is common to feel tired after doing so much exercise. (normal)

2.    The car bumped along the uneven mountain road. (rough)

3.    I could not understand the meaning of the confusing text message. (enigmatic)

4.    Lana could not think of a way to dispute the argument. (refute)

5.    Present the clothes you want to take on the bed. (layout)

6.    The government does not have to give up environmental protection for economic growth.(sacrifice)

7.    The windows were dark with dirt. (opaque)

8.     The survey was given to a(n) unorganized sample of students. (random)

9.     Children get too big for their clothing very quickly. (outgrow)

10.  Speak slower, please. I cannot understand what you are saying. (makeout)

Task 5     Collocations

Use collocations from the passage to complete the sentences below. Some of the words or phrases are given in the brackets. More than one answer may be possible.

Example:

I can't come over tonight, because I need to get over this mountain of math homework. (mountain)

1.       The landscape of the moon is laid out for us to see from Earth. (landscape, the moon)

2.      My mother sacrificed her dayoff work to help me with my homework. (sacrifice)

3.       During the Middle Ages, many people refuted the theory thatthe Earth was round. (theory)

4.       Albert Einstein is quoted as saying, “Education is not the learning of facts, but the training of the mind to think”. (quote)

Sentence Structures

Task 6Construct the sentences with the words or phrases given, following the models.

Model 1:

According to the Aztecs, the moon was pure white until one of their gods flung a rabbit against it.

【according to，表示“依照…”】

1.     the rules, smoking is not allowed on school property

→ According to the rules, smoking is not allowed on school property.

2.    legend, the old caves are haunted by the ghosts of pirates

→ According to legend, the old caves are haunted by the ghosts of pirates.

3.    police, the victim was attacked from behind

→ According to police, the victim was attacked from behind.

Model 2:

One idea was that they were reflections of the Earth's continents and seas, but others

showed that this was not possible.

【one...others...，表示“一个… 其他（另外）的…”】

1.      member, suggest, film a videofor the project, create a slideshow

→ One member of our group suggested that we film a video for our project, while others thought that we should create a slideshow.

2.       friends, go to camp this summer, attend summer school

→ One of my friends went to camp this summer, but the others attended summer school.

3.       the classroom, open, locked

→ One of the classrooms on the floor was open, although the others were all locked.