I. Vocabulary Analysis

 

1. Phrase Practice

 

1. be confronted with= suddenly found oneself faced with  面临，面对

e.g. All the programs will be confronted with great difficulties at the start.

       所有的项目刚开始时总会遇到很大的困难。

       Being confronted with such crisis, he demonstrated such courage.

       面对如此危机，他展现出了这样的勇气。

2. have one thing in common= share the same characteristic 具有相同之处

e.g. All kids have one thing in common: they are precious gifts.

       所有孩子都有一个共同点：他们都是珍贵的礼物。

3. give in to sth.= let oneself be overcome by 屈服，向……让步

e.g. Never give in to their insult. 绝不能屈服于他们的侮辱。

      The police decided not to give in to his demands. 警察最终决定不向他的要求让步。

4. lock it away within sb.= keep it in one’smind and don’t ever forget it 埋藏起来

e.g. You should not shed tears but lock your sorrow away within yourself.

       你不应当流泪，而应当把忧伤深埋心中。

 

 

2. Word Comparison

 

1. anger: a strong feeling of wanting to hurt or criticize someone because they have done something bad to you or been unkind to you

   e.g. Paul's face was filled with anger.

    discomfort: a feeling of slight pain or of being physically uncomfortable

   e.g. She still suffers considerable discomfort from her injury.

    unhappiness: the state of being unhappy

   e.g. Juliet's eyes shone with unhappiness.

    anguish: mental or physical suffering caused by extreme pain or worry

   e.g. Nothing can take away the anguish of losing a child.

  

2. special: not ordinary or usual, but different in some way and often better or more important

   e.g. This is a special case, deserving special treatment.

    peculiar: strange, unfamiliar, or a little surprising

   e.g. There was a peculiar smell in the kitchen.

    particular: (only used before noun) a particular thing or person is the one that you are talking about, and not any other

   e.g. Most students choose one particular area for research.

    Concrete: definite, positive

   e.g. The policy have nothing concrete to go on.

  

3. spend: to use your money to pay for goods or services

   e.g. I can't afford to spend any more money this week.

    spend something on something

    cost: be obtainable at the price of, require the payment of

   e.g. It costs too much.

    take: if something takes a particular amount of time,money, effort, etc., that amount of time, etc. is needed for it to happen orsucceed

   e.g. Organizing a successful street party takes a lot of energy.

    waste: to use more money, time, energy, etc. than is useful or sensible

e.g. Leaving the heating on all the time wastes electricity.

  

4. conspicuous: very easy to notice

   e.g. Lincoln is a conspicuous example of a poor boy who succeeded.

    graceful: moving in a smooth and attractive way, or having an attractive shape or form

   e.g. We admired the graceful poise of the dancer.

    lonely: (adj.) unhappy because you are alone or do not have anyone to talk to

   e.g. He has so few friends that his life is lonely.

    truly: used to emphasize that the way you are describing something is really true(= really)

   e.g. This encyclopedia is truly a compendium of knowledge.

  

5. last: happening or coming after all other similar things or people

   e.g. And last but not least there is the question of adequate funding.

    final: being or happening at the end of a series of events, actions, statements, etc.; being the result of a particular process

   e.g.The project is in its final stages.

    ending: the last part of a story; the act of finishing sth., the last part of sth.

   e.g. His stories usually have a happy ending.

    concluding: the last remark ,etc. in an event or piece of writing

   e.g. This is the concluding section of Chapter 6.

  

6. alone: adv./adj. without any friends; without the help of other people or things

    e.g. Carol felt all alone in the world.

         It is hard bringing up children alone.

    hoarse: adj. (of a person or voice) sounding harsh, especially because of a sore throat

   e.g. We shouted ourselves hoarse at the football match.

    grave: (of people) serious in manner, as if sth. sad, important or worrying has just happened

   e.g.His face was grave when I told him my decision.

    lonely: (adj.) unhappy because you are alone or do not have anyone to talk to

   e.g. Don't you get lonely being on your ownall day?

  

7. give up: to stop trying to do sth.

   e.g. I give up; tell me what the answer is.

    give in: to admit that you have been defeated by sb./sth.

e.g. He will give into his opponent's claim rather than wrangle over a disputed point.

    stop: to make sb./sth. no longer do sth.

   e.g. That phone never stops ringing.

    retreated: (v.+adv./prep.) to change your mind about sth.because of criticism or because a situation has become too difficult

    e.g. The government has retreated from its pledge to reduce class size.

   

8. believe: to feel certain that sth. is true or that sb. is telling you thetruth

   e.g. He thinks that everyone who believes will go to heaven.

    notice: to see or hear sb./sth.;to become aware of sb./sth.; to pay attention to sb./sth.

   e.g. She wears those strange clothes just to get herself noticed.

    note: to mention sth. because it is important or interesting

   e.g. I failed to note that he had left.

    decide: to think carefully about the different possibilities that are available and then choose one of them

   e.g. That chance meeting decided my career.

  

3. Synonym / Antonym

 

Give some synonyms or antonyms of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.

         

4. Word Derivation 

      1. industry (n.) 工业、行业；勤奋

    industrial (adj.) 工业的；用于工业的；工业发达的

    industrious (adj.) 勤奋的、勤劳的

    industriously (adv.) 勤劳地、勤奋地

    industriousness (n.) 勤奋、勤劳

e.g. The government takes great measuresto expand industry and commerce.

       政府采取很多举措发展工商业。

 His success was due to his industryand thrift.

 他取得成功是由于他的勤俭。

 Tom is working industriously at hisdesk.

 汤姆正在办公桌前勤奋地工作。

  

 2. describe (v.) 描述某人（某物）；叫做、称做；画（尤指几何图形）

     description (n.) 对某人（某物）的描述、叙述

     descriptive (adj.) 描述的、描写的

e.g. There is some excellent descriptivewriting in his novel.

 在他的小说里有些极好的描写。

 We will describe each of thesemethods in more detail in the following sections.

 在下面的部分中我们将更详细地描述每一种方法。

       Your essay contains too much description,and not enough discussion of the issues.

 你的文章中有太多的描写，而对问题的论述不够。

  Her beauty is beyond description.

 她的美丽无法用语言描述。

  

 3. suspect (v.) 有（某事物）存在或属实的想法，相信；怀疑（某物），不相信；怀疑某人有某罪

     suspect (n.) 嫌疑犯，可疑对象

     suspect (adj.) 不可靠的；不可信的；可疑的

     suspicion (n.) 怀疑；猜疑；些许味道，少量

     suspicious (adj.) 有疑心的，表示怀疑的；引起怀疑的，可疑的

     unsuspecting (adj.) 不怀疑的，无猜疑的，可信任的

   e.g.   The statement of an interested partyis naturally suspect.

       当事人的陈述自然是可疑的。

       I suspect that he is more or lessinvolved in the affair.

      我猜他和这件事多少有点牵连。

      The constable conducted the suspectto the police station.

       警官把嫌疑犯带到派出所。

       I'm suspicious of his story becauseI know he sometimes tells lies.

      我对他的说法有疑惑，因为我知道他有时候会说谎。

      This boy's honesty is above / beyond suspicion.

      这孩子的诚实是不容质疑的。

      We were unsuspecting of the factthat he was the very boss there.

      我们没料到他就是那里的老板。

  

 4.  assist (v.) 帮助、协助、援助；在某场合出席，参加某事物

      assistance (n.) 帮忙，援助

      assistant (n.) 助手、助理；店员

      assistant (adj.)（定语）协理、副经理

e.g.       You will be expected to assist theeditor with the selection of illustrations  

             for the book.

       你需要帮助编辑为这本书选取插图。

       In the summer holiday, I will take apart-time job as a shop assistant.

      我打算在暑假找一份店员的兼职工作。

       Can I be of any assistance, madam?

      女士，有什么可以帮你吗？

  

  5.   employ (v.)雇用某人；使用某人（某物），利用（时间、注意力等）

        employee (n.) 受雇者；雇员；雇工

        employer (n.) 雇用者；雇主

        employment (n.) 雇用；使用；受雇用；职业

        unemployed (adj.) 未被雇用的；失业的；不在使用中的

        unemployment (n.) 失业；失业状况；失业人数

   e.g.  Unemployment has fallen again forthe third consecutive month.

      失业人数已经连续三个月下降了。

       He has been unemployed for over ayear.

      他已经失业一年多了。

      Do you think interview is the best way to choose competent employees?

      你认为面试是选择有能力的员工的最好方法吗？

  

 6. prove (v.) 证明、证实；显示出是某事物

     proof (n.) 证据、证物、证言；验证、证明

     proof (adj.) 可防某事物的，有防护作用的；能抵御某事物的；（用以构成复合词）抗……的；防……的

     disprove (v.) 证明（某事物）有误或有假

     disproof(n.) 反证明；反证物

 e.g.  The operation proved a completesuccess.

   手术事实上是很成功的。

   If anyone needs proof of AndrewDavies' genius as a writer, this novel is it.

        如果谁需要证明安德鲁·戴维斯写作方面的天份，那这部小说就是最好的证明。

          

 

 

II. Grammar Exercises

 

                                                    1. Tense

      1. Use of simple past tense:

1) The simple past tense is used to talk about completed actions and habits in the past.

   e.g. Shakespeare died in 1616.

       We used to walk a mile inthe morning when we were in London.

2) Past tense of verbs such as want, wonder, hope is used for polite inquiries.

      e.g. I wondered how you liked the film.

  

2. Use of past progressive:

1) The past progressive indicates a limited duration of time and is thus a convenient way to indicate that something took place (in the simple past) while something else was happening.

     e.g. Carlos lost this watch while he was running.

 

 2) The past progressive can express incomplete action.

   e.g. I was sleeping on the couch when Bertie smashed through the door.

※as opposed to the simple past, which suggests a completed action

   e.g. I slept on the couch last night.

  

3) The past progressive is also used to poke fun at or criticize an action that is sporadic but habitual in nature.

      e.g. Tashonda was always handing in late papers. 

 

4) We use the past progressive of verbs such as wonder to show politeness.

      e.g. I was wondering if you could give me a lift.

※This use is even more polite and tentative than the simple past.

  

3. Use of past perfect tense:

1) The past perfect tense expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.

      e.g.I  had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.

  

2) If the past perfect tense is not referring to an action at a specific time, it is not optional. Compare the examples below. Here the past perfect tense is referring to a lack of experience rather than an action at a specific time. For this reason, the past perfect tense cannot be used.

       e.g. She never saw a bear before she moved to Alaska.       Not Correct

         She had never seen a bear before she moved to Alaska.    Correct

           

2. Verbs of Perception

    Verbs of perception area set of verbs denoting the use of one of the physical senses. Some verbs of perception see, look at, hear, listen, and feel, along with watch and sense can be used with objects followed by verbs in -ing form, -ed form and infinitive form.

e.g. We heard you leave. (Emphasis on our hearing.)

       We heard you leaving. (Emphasis on yourl eaving.)
       John has never heard the piece played before. (Emphasis on the passive voice of play.)

                 

3. Special Word Order with as and though

 

In a concessive clause introduced by though or although, the complement or the adverbial can be placed at the beginning of the sentence.The formula for the inversion is:

complement / adverbial + as / though + subject +    predicate verb

e.g. Old as / though he is, he works hard as a young man.

       Hard as / though he studied, he did not pass the examination.

                

 

  

4. Present Participle Phrases Used as Adverbials

 

Present participle phrases can be used as adverbials to express reason, condition, time, result and attending circumstances.

e.g. Turning around, she saw an ambulance driving up.(time)

       Knowing English well, he can read Shakespeare.(reason)

       Working still harder, you will succeed.(condition)

       Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.(result)

       He sat at the window eating.(attending circumstances)

               

III. Translation Exercises

1. 他为这次面试中可能被问到的问题做好了准备。(confront)

Explanation:

If you are confronted with a problem, task, or difficulty,you have to deal with it. If youc onfront a difficult situation or issue, you accept the fact that it exists and try to deal with it. If you are confronted by something that you find threatening or difficult to deal with, it is there in front of you.

Translation:

He has prepared answers to the questions that he expects to confront during the interview.

2. 他悲惨的遭遇深深打动了我们，我们几乎要哭出声来。(touch)

Explanation:

To touch sb. is to make somebody feel upset or sympathetic.

Translation:

His sad story touched us so deeply that we nearly cried.

3. 上海人容易听懂苏州话，因为上海话和苏州话有许多共同之处。(in common)

Explanation:

To have something in common with somebody is to have the same interests and ideas as somebody else. To have something in common with something is to have the same features and characteristics.

Translation:

People from Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect with ease, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common.

       

 

4. 亨利和妻子正在考虑能不能在三年内买一幢新房子。(look into)

Explanation:

If a person or organization is looking into a possible course of action, a problem, or a situation, they are finding out about it and examining the facts related to it.

Translation:

Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house within three years.

    

 

IV. Exercises for Integrated Skills

 

1. Dictation

 

 

 

2. Cloze

V. Oral Activities

 

1. Giving a Talk

 

The text is the writer’s recall of the most important and unforgettable experiences that came about when he was between 10 and 12. As a child, he learned from his grandfather how one should come to terms with those sad moments which one would inevitably encounter in one’s life.Now imagine that you are the boy’s grandfather, and tell from your point of view what happened on the day when the family had to move from the old house.

You could probably begin your narration with “The day finally came when the family had to move out of the old house. I found my little grandson Billy sitting alone in the back porch, crying bitterly. I understood how he was feeling. So I sat on the steps beside him and…”

For your reference:

1.      You may want to describe your grandson’s feeling as follows:

upset, sad, bitter, lost, unhappy, sorrowful, misery, suffering

2.      You may want to comfort your grandson by using the following words:

courage, grow-up, fresh start, change, adjust to, love, friendship, curiosity, beloved, hand in hand, unforgettable

3.      You may express the following viewpoints to your grandson:

— Everybody will encounter such sorrowful moments.

— Your heart and your soul still belong to here.

—New home means new friends and a fresh start.

 

 

2. Having a Discussion

 

   In modern society people have become more mobile and the pace of life has become more rapid. It is quite common nowadays for people to move from place to place. Parting from family and friends, and whatever is close and dear to you has become a common occurrence. Discuss with your fellow students whether “saying goodbye” still means as much as it is supposed to.

For your reference

1. I think saying goodbye still means as much as it is supposed to be. Because it conveys the message “At this moment we may separate and we could not see each other for a while. However, we believe we still could meet each other at a specific time and we look forward to it.”

2. I think saying goodbye does not mean as much as it is supposed to be. With the hi-technology, people can meet each other online, by using mobile phones. Meanwhile, thanks to the development of the transportation, people find it convenient and easy to visit each other just in a few hours, or even in a few minutes. So, “goodbye” may be replaced by such expressions as “see you”,“see you later” or “I’ll come back soon”.

  

 

VI. Writing Practice

                                        1、  英语微课视频： 

      How to Avoid Sentence Fragment for Inexperienced English Writer?

                        （英语学习者如何在写作中避免句子碎片？）

          

    

        2、课前自主学习任务单 & 教学视频规划说明 & 课堂学习任务单  

        

             3、课前自主学习与课堂互评中可参考的微课知识点清单 

      

                                   4、微课课后任务及参考答案        

       

       

       

       

       

                                       5、微课配套学习资源

        

        

        

                              6、基于微课的翻转课堂教学视频

        

 

VII. Listening Exercises

Gifts and Cultures

People in all countries enjoy gifts. Sometimes the meanings are different in other cultures.

A.   Pre-listening activity.

What kinds of gifts do you give when …

1.      you go to a friend’s wedding?

2.      you visit a friend or stay with a family in another country?

3.      you celebrate a friend’s birthday?

4.      you go to a business meeting?

5.      you want to give something to someone you love?

  

B.    Listen to the narrator. What gifts do people give on the following occasions? And why?

         

        

  

C. Listen to the conversations, which item is not a good gift? Cross it out. And then explain why it is not a good gift.