段落拓展：例证法

(1) 例子的“多样性”

    1）来自知识(knowledge)； 

    2）来自经验（experience）

(2) 例子的“具体性”

例子的成败在“细节”。很多考生会想到用“爱迪生失败很多次后，才发现用钨丝作灯泡灯丝”的例子来证明坚持不懈的重要性。考生可以比较以下两种写法:

Sample 1: A famous person tried many times to find the most important part of the greatest invention.

Sample 2: Thomas Edison tried over 1 ,500 materials to figure out the most suitable material to serve as the filament in the light bulb. The notes that he wrote about his research extended to 40,000 pages, and he kept trying instead of giving up. He acquired new knowledge from each failure, which helped him eventually discover the proper material. There is no doubt that Edison's experience teaches us that failure is simply part of the process leading to personal success.  (单个例子)

Q1: 上面哪个更有说服力？ 

小试牛刀

Task 1： 点评段落中的单例子法是如何对段落中心句进行论证的，并做修改。

Sample 3： Perseverance is one of the most important virtues leading to personal success.We might take Nelson Mandela as an example. Mandela is famous for his constant struggle for racial equality in his entire life, even though he was in prison for 27 years and endured numerous charges and criticisims. It is not difficult to imagine that if he had retreated after his first accusation, he would not have received the respect from millions of people worldwide. There is no denying that Mandela's experience reveals that perseverance serves as a significantly important quality that results in success. Such a spirit not only transmits a signal that one will never surrender to any difficulty, but also encourages more people to help with each other, both of which are in dispensable to success.

改一改(注意蓝色部分的表达) :

Sample 4：Perseverance is one of the most important virtues leading to personal success.We might take Nelson Mandela as an example. When working as a lawyer in his early forties, Mandela tried to overthrow the apartheid government to eliminate institutionalized racism in South Africa, and unsurprisingly, he was repeatedly arrested. Instead of giving up his idea of establishing a nation without inequality, he secretly joined the South African Communist Party and with his constant efforts, more people were successfully mobilized to participate in a sabotage campaign advocated for the betterment of the country as well as its people. Even though he was arrested again several years later and sentenced to life imprisonment for 27 years, Mandela never stopped struggling for racial equality in his entire life and never surrendered to any difficulties that he encountered. Accordingly, people all over the world started to respect him as the most influential at-apartheid politician and revolutionary of the20th century.

Sample 5: （多个例子）

我们来看下面的段落( 蓝色部分为例证中的细节) :

Universities are decisive in expanding one's knowledge base. Take Isaac Newton as an example, who is widely accepted as one of the most influential physicists and mathematicians worldwide. Through his tertiary education in Physics at Cambridge, Newton read a large number of books written by famous scientists,including Copernicus and Galileo, and frequently conversed with his teacher, Barrow, for a more comprehensive understanding of classical mechanics. As a result, he succeeded in formulating the law of gravitation that has dominated the physics world for centuries. There is no denying that one could gain knowledge from both the textbooks and teachers, which will inevitably lead to higher personal accomplishment.  (多个例子）

Task 2：  Perseverance is one of the most important virtues leading to  success.。。。（用中国科学家为例）