Transmission
The modern automobile engine is a powerful , lightweight and dependable powerplant .However , it is not perfect for three reasons .first , modern engine do not product much torque at low engine speeds . Second , engines produce maximum torque between 2000~3000 r∕min . As a result ,engines operate best only within this this fairly narrow range . Third , much more force needed to move a car from rest than tp keep it moving once it is started . Thus , the vehicle needs a wider range of torque than is available from the engine .
For these reasons , cars need a device that makes better use of engine power and torque . The transmission is this device .
There are vanous types of transmissions manual transmission( MT) , automated manual transmissions (AMT) , dual clutch transmissions (DCT) , automatic transmission( AT) and continuously variable transmission (CVT) . In simple terms, a transmission multiplies engine torque and through gears sends that power to the drive axle. A driver shifts or changes the gears to increase or decrease the torque produced by the engine. In a car with a manual transmi-ssion, a driver shifts the gears manually. In a car with an automatic transmiss-ion, the gears shift automatically.
The gears reduce engine speed in the transmission so that engine torque increases . This speed decrease and torque increase are needed so that the engine can run at higherspeeds , at such speeds , it produces more torque and is more efficient . In other words , the transmission allows higher engine speeds at low vehicle speeds and multiplies torque to help move the car .
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