I. Vocabulary Analysis

1. Phrase Practice

 1. live life up= to have a very enjoyable and exciting time 积极向上地生活

e.g. I was determined to live life up after witnessing the tragedy.

      目睹那场悲剧之后，我决定要积极的生活。

 

2. turn one’s back on = to go away fromor refuse to be with 拒绝帮助

e.g. I can’t turn my back on friends who are in need of help. 我不能在朋友需要的时候拒绝他们。

      They didn’t see each other since he turned his back on her.

      自从他拒绝帮助她，他们就再也不联系了。  

 

3. stick it out =not to give up 坚持到底

e.g. As long as you stick it out, you will have your day. 只要你坚持到底，你总会成功的。

 Bebrave, and stick it out! 勇敢一点，坚持到底！

 

4. go through so much =to experience so much pain and stress 经历辛苦

e.g. Why do you quit now after going through so much?

       经历了那么多艰辛，你怎么现在放弃了呢？

 

                                            2. Word Comparison

1. tighten: if you tighten your grip on something, or if your grip tightens, you hold it more firmly or securely

 e.g. Stefano’s grip tightened and his tone became colder.

strengthen: to make something stronger or more effective, or to become stronger or more effective

 e.g. They have been strengthening their border defenses in preparation for war.

lengthen: to make something longer or to become longer

 e.g. The days lengthened as summer approached.

widen: if you widen something or if it widens, it becomes greater in measurement from one side or edge to the other

 e.g. The river widens considerably asit begins to turn east.

  

2. disturbed: not thinking or behaving normally because of mental or emotional problems

    e.g. This is a center for emotionally disturbed teenagers.

    bothered: worried or upset

   e.g. He doesn’t seem too bothered about the things that are written about him in the papers.

    worried: when you are worried, you are unhappy because you keep thinking about problems that might happen in the future 

    e.g. If you’re at all worried about his progress, do discuss it with one of his teachers.

     troubling: something that is troubling makes you worried or nervous

    e.g. Some troubling questions remain about the legal status of human cloning .

  

3. as to: about

    e.g. He was uncertain as to which road to take.

   in terms of: if you talk about something in terms of something or in particular terms, you are specifying which aspects of it you are discussing or from what point of view you are considering it

    e.g. Paris has played a dominant role in France, not just inpolitical terms but also in economic power.

   concerned: involved in something or affected by it

    e.g. I’d like to thank everyone concerned for making the occasion run so smoothly.

   regard: to consider or have an opinion about something orsomeone

    e.g. Her parents always regarded her as the cleverest of their children.

  

4. influence: to affect the way someone or something develops, behaves, thinks, etc. without directly forcing or ordering them

    e.g. His writing was greatly influenced by Henry James.

   impress: if something impresses you, you feel great admiration forit

    e.g. Cannon’s film impresses on many levels.

   affect:t o have an influence on someone or something, or to cause them to change

    e.g. Both buildings were badly affected by the fire.

   shake: to make someone feel very upset or shocked

    e.g. The murder shook the whole town.

 

5. handling: the way that someone deals with a situation or person

    e.g. I admired your delicate handling of the crisis.

    dealing: the activity of buying, selling, or doing business with people

    e.g. penalties for drug dealing

    treat: to behave towards someone or deal with something in a particular way

    e.g. I treat remarks like that with the contempt that they deserve.

    manage:to be responsible for controlling or organizing someoneor something especially a business 

    e.g. He’s not very good at managing people.

  

6. complain: to say that you are annoyed, not satisfied, or unhappy about something or someone

    e.g. She complained that no one had been at the airport tomeet her.

   criticize: if you criticize someone or something, you express your disapproval of them by saying what you think is wrong with them

    e.g. His mother had rarely criticized him or any of her children.

   disapprove: to feel that something or someone is bad, wrong, etc. to not approve

    e.g. I strongly disapprove of under-age drinking.

   blame: to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad

    e.g. I blame his mother. She does everything for him.

  

7. outlook: the likely future situation

    e.g. The outlook for the economy is bleak.

   future: someone’s future, or the future of something, is what will happen to them or what they will do after the present time

    e.g. His future as prime minister depends on the outcome of the elections.

   view: what you think or believe about something

    e.g. She has strong views about politics.

   condition: if you talk about the condition of a person or thing, you are talking about the state that they are in, especially how good or badtheir physical state is

    e.g. You can’t drive in that condition.

  

8. stuff: It is used to refer to a substance or a group of things or ideas, etc., often with adescription of their general type or quality or saying who they belong to,without saying exactly what they are

    e.g. There’s sticky stuff all over the chair.

    staff: the people who work for an organization

    e.g. The entire staff has done an outstanding job this year.

   matter: physical substance in the universe

    e.g. Some scientists believe that there is about ten times as much matter in the universe as astronomers have observed.

   means: a way of doing or achieving something

    e.g. For most people, the car is still their main means of transport.

 

                                           3. Synonym / Antonym

Give some synonyms or antonyms of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.

 

 

4. Word Derivation 

 

1. favour (n.)好意，喜好，偏爱，特权

    favorite (adj.）流行的，喜爱的

    favorable (adj.) 有利的，赞许的，良好的，顺利的，偏袒的

    favoritism (n.) 偏爱，偏袒，不公平

    unfavorable (adj.) 不宜的，不理想的

    unfavorite (adj.) 最不喜爱的，最讨厌的

e.g. A teacher should not favour anyof his pupils. 教师不应该偏爱任何一个学生。

What are your favoritesports? 你最喜爱的运动是什么？

He soon won the favourof his boss. 他很快赢得了老板的青睐。

The condition (being) favorable, he may succeed. 条件有利的话，他有可能会成功。

  

2. organise (v.)组织，有机化，安排

    organism (n.)生物体，有机体

    organisation (n.)组织，团体，有机体

    organisational (adj.)组织的，编制的

    organiser (n.)组织者

e.g. When that happens, I organise my defence.如果这样的话，我的任务就是组织防守。

  The army is an extremely complex organism.军队是一个极其复杂的组织。

       In fact, it might help you improve organisational performance.

       事实上，它可能帮助你改善组织的表现。

 

3. worth (n.) 价值，财富

    worthy (adj.) 有价值的，可尊敬的，值得的，配得上的

    worthiness (n.) 值得，相当，有价值

    worthful (adj.) 有价值的，宝贵的

    worthwhile (adj.) 值得（做）的

    worthless (adj.) 无价值的，无用的，可鄙的

    unworthy (adj.) 无价值的，没有优点的

    unworthiness (n.) 不值得，无价值

e.g. Do not underestimate his worth. 不要低估了他的价值。

  His achievements are worthy of record. 他的功业是值得记载的。

  He chucked his money away on a worthless plan. 他把钱白白花在一个毫无价值的计划上。

  Such a conduct is unworthy of a decent citizen. 这样的行为不是一个正直公民应有的行为。

  A little pain wouldn't make up for her unworthiness. 一点点疼痛不能补偿她的无价值。

  

4. perfect (adj.) 完美的，完全的，十足的; (v.) 改进，美化

    perfection (n.) 完美，完善

    perfectionist (n.) 十全十美主义者

    perfectness (n.) 完全，精通，分毫不差

    imperfect (adj.) 不完美的，有缺点的，未完成的

    imperfection (n..) 不完全，不完备，缺点

    imperfectness (n.) 不完美，不完备

    imperfective (adj.) 不可能完善的

e.g. He needs to perfect his spoken English before going to work in Canada.

       他需要把英语口语学好才能到加拿大工作。

       Everyday we should walk on the road of pursuing perfection.

       每一天我们都应该走在追求完美的路上。

        Flawlessas he is, he goes along with an imperfect life.

       他是一个完美的人，却过着一种并不完美的生活。

  

5. strong (adj.）强壮的，强烈的，坚强的，浓的

    strength (n.)力气，力量，长处，强度

    strengthen (v.)加强，变坚固

    strengthless (adj.)无力量的

e.g. Reliability is our strong point.可靠性是我们的优点。

   I believe in that definition very strongly.我坚信那个定义是对的.

  We renew our strength in sleep.我们以睡眠来恢复体力。

      You're too weak; and you'd better strengthen with rich food.

      你的身体太虚弱了，得补养补养。

  

6. shame (n. v.)羞愧，耻辱

    shameful (adj.)可耻的

    shameless (adj.)无耻的

    shamefulness (n.)可耻，不名誉

    shameable (adj.)羞愧的

e.g. He felt noshame and no regret.他既不感到羞愧，也不感到遗憾。

  Are younot ashamed of your shameful behavior?你不为你的行为可耻而感到羞愧吗?

  He is a shameless liar.他是一个“无耻”的撒谎者。

      Thirty years later, when I recall the memory, I still feel a bit of shamefulness to her.

      30年以后，当我回想起往事，依旧对她有羞愧感。

  

7. grateful (adj.) 感激的，感谢的

    gratitude (n.) 感恩之心

    gratify (v.) 使满足，使高兴

    gratification (n.) 满足，喜悦

    gratuitous (adj.) 免费的，无缘无故的

e.g. I am very grateful for all the help. 我感激所有对我的帮助。

  He smiled at them with gratitude. 他向他们笑了笑表示谢意。

  Does it gratify your curiosity? 这是否满足了你的好奇心？

  His success is a great gratification to us. 他的成功对我们是一大喜事。

  

8. young (adj.) 年轻的，没有经验的，初期

 youngster (n.) 年轻人，少年，小伙子，儿童

 youthful (adj.) 年轻的，有青春活力的

 youth (n.) 年轻，初期，青春

 youthhood (n.) 青春期，少壮期

 youthy (adj.) 年轻的，少壮的

 youthen (v.) 使……变年轻

 youthify (v.) 使显得年轻

e.g. Celebrations are for young people. 庆祝是属于年轻人的。

  My youth and youthful strength fled long ago. 我的青春和青春的活力早已消失。

 There is a little pain in our youthhood. 我们的青春中有一点痛楚。

II. Grammar Exercises

 

1. Some, Any, All, Each, Every and Their Compounds

Some, any, all, each and every can be used together with other words to build new compounds, such as someone, anywhere, everything, etc. But the basic usages of these words don’t change. For example, generally we still use some- in positive sentences, and use any- in non-affirmative contexts or to refer to non-specific, unspecified things. We still use every- to emphasize we are talking about a group as a whole rather than as individuals.

e.g. I was visiting some friends last week.

  It was impossible to see anything in the dark.

      Everyone was waiting to hear the results. (=All were waiting to hear the results.)

 

2. Countable and Uncountable Nouns

 

Common nouns can be classified into 1) countable nouns and uncountable nouns, or 2) individual nouns, collective nouns, material nouns and abstract nouns. Usually individual nouns and collective nouns are countable while material nouns and abstract nouns are uncountable. But sometimes abstract nouns and material nouns can becountable if they are used in specific sense, for example with an attribute.

e.g. My children area great joy (an attribute) to me. 

         His room, at sixteen dollars a day, was a disappointment (something specific,and something that disappoints people).

         Sri Lanka produces many teas (many kinds of tea). 

 

 

                                              3. Prepositions

Prepositions are a class of structural words that indicate various semantic relations between words or expressions.Some adjectives, nouns and verbs can collocate with prepositions to form adjective phrases, noun phrases andverb phrases.

e.g. His parents will be disappointed with her if she fails the exam.

     I would support a ban on smoking in restaurants.

     He doesn’t seem toc are about the effect smoking has on him.

Practice: Insert suitable prepositions in the following sentences.

III. Translation Exercises

 

    1.  这个地区的警察知道那些小偷经常出没于哪些地方。(hang out)

   Explanation:

   If you "hang out" a place, you spend regular time there; If you "hang out" with a person, you often stay with him.

Translation:

     The police in this district know where the thieves usually hang out.

  

2.  这些签署的协议将冲破对自由贸易设置的所有障碍。(break down)

Explanation:

"To break something down" means to change or remove something that prevents people from working together and having a successful relationship with each other. If something breaks down, it fails to work.

Translation:

The agreement signed will break down all the barriers to free trade.

 

3.  他是我最好的朋友。既然他需要我的帮助，我可不能对他置之不理。(turn one’s back on)

Explanation:

If someone turns his back on you, he refuses to help you when you are in need of help.

Translation:

He is my best friend. I just cannot turn my back on him that he needs my help now.

  

4．只要你努力工作，你迟早会成功，实现自己的抱负的。(sooner or later)

Explanation:

If something happens sooner or later, it will happen eventually.

Translation:

So long as you work hard, you are bound to succeed and realize your ambition sooner or later.

   

 

IV. Exercises for Integrated Skills

 

1. Dictation

2. Cloze

 

V. Oral Activities

                                           1. Making a Dialogue

Suppose you are Faye and you are paying David a visit while he is staying in hospital. Invite one of your fellow students to be David and talk to each other in front of your class. The two of you can recall the good times you spent together in the past, exchange your views concerning AIDS, and you as his best friend should try to help him build up his confidence in his fight against the fatal disease. Probably you could beg in your dialogue in this way:

Faye: Hi, David. How are you feeling today? I think you look better!

David: I know you’re trying to encourage me, Faye. But I’m afraid I’m getting worse.

For your reference:

1)     You may use the words and expressions as follows when you recall the good times:

happy, unforgettable, carefree, share same interests, hang out, have fun, help each other, share joys and sorrows, mutual understanding,cherish, friendship

2)     You may use the words and expressions as follows when you exchange your views concerning AIDS:

infectious, incurable, fatal, destroy, ruin, HIV, virus, plague, germ, immune system, drug, helpless, hopeless, suffer from, lose weight, vulnerable, bedridden, break down, great pressure

3)     You may want to comfort David by using thefollowing words and expressions:

take positive attitude, optimistic outlook, strength, courage,be strong, love, hope, invincible, handle, stick out, support, maintain, mature, rely on, help, accompany

 

 

2. Having a Discussion

  

In recent years we’ve been threatened by quite a number of seemingly incurable diseases, such as cancer and AIDS. Sit down with four or five of your fellow students to discuss the gloomy situation we human beings have been confronted with in terms of health. Try to explore some reasons and suggest some ways to protect ourselves.

For your reference:

1)     You may want to mention the gloomy situation as follows:

— Some diseases such as AIDS are incurable so far.

— We are confronted with new viruses such as H1N1 and SARS and those new viruses spread very quickly and easily.

2)     You may want to give somereasons as follows:

— Unhealthy eating habits such as being too fussy about food and having no breakfast.

— Other unhealthy habits of life such as drinking and smoking.

— Food pollution caused by environmental pollution.

— The infection from mother to unborn child.

3)     You may want to give some suggestions as follows:

—Doing regular exercises to keep fit.

—Remove unhealthy habits.

—The government should reinforce monitoring of food safety.

—Medical skills should be improved.

 

 

VI. Writing Practice

  

                                     1、 英语微课视频： 

                          Fixing Choppy Sentences（英语的短句修改） 

         

       

       

       2、 课前自主学习任务单 & 教学视频规划说明 & 课堂学习任务单  

          

                  

              3、 课前自主学习与课堂互评中可参考的微课知识点清单 

          

                                              

                                4、微课课后任务及参考答案          

          

          

          

          

                                                    

                                     5、微课配套学习资源

            

            

            

           

           

           

                                            6、课后巩固训练

1. Choppy Sentences

 

Choppy sentences are those that are too short. They are the result of using too many simple sentences. Although simple sentences are quite effective sometimes, overuse of them is considered poor style in academic writing and they can make your writing appear unsophisticated. With an intention to achieve sentence variety, you are encouraged to avoid too many choppy sentences in your writing, by joining them into either compound or complex sentences. Here’s an example:

Choppy sentences: The sun beat down. It was on Linda’s back. She began to get terribly hot. She was uncomfortable.

Revised: The sun beat down on Linda’s back, and she began to get terribly hot and uncomfortable.

  Generally, there are five ways to improve choppy sentence.

A. Show logical connections between ideas by using words that show cause and effect such as because, since, and so, and words that show contrast such as but, yet and although.

Choppy sentences: She took dance classes. She had no natural grace or sense of rhythm. She eventually gave up the idea of becoming a dancer.

Revised: She took dance classes, but she had no natural grace or sense of rhythm, so she eventually gave up the idea of becoming a dancer.

B. Join multiple actionsby the same agent into one sentence by using subordination (phrases beginning with if, when, after, as, etc.) and coordination (sentences and phrases joined by conjunctions like and, but, so, etc.).

Choppy sentences: Bears emerge from hibernation in the spring.They wander through wetlands. They feed mainly on grasses.

Revised: When bears emerge from hibernation in the spring, they wander through wetlands and feed mainly on grasses.

C. Use appositions (phrases that add information about a noun).

Choppy sentences: Jesse Ventura has denied an interest in running for the senate. Ventura is the former governor of Minnesota.

Revised: Jesse Ventura, the former governorof Minnesta, has denied an interest in running for the senate.

D. Integrate minor details.You don’t need a new sentence for each piece of information.

Choppy sentences: The boy asked his father a question. The boy is five years old. The question was about death.

Revised: The five-year-old boy asked his father a question about death.

E. Learn to use modifying phrases effectively (phrases built around an adjective or the participial form of a verb: often -ingor–ed/-en).

Choppy sentences: My aunt is very strict with my cousin. She expects her to study all the time.

Revised: My aunt is very strict with my cousin, expecting her to study all the time.

VII. Listening Exercises

Telephone Messages

 You will hear telephone conversations between a doctor’s receptionist and different patients. Complete the information sheet that the receptionist keeps for the doctor.

                                                         Patiet 1

NAME                        1_______ Walliser

ADDRESS                  2______ , 3 _____  Rosecroft Terrace,Shenley

TEL. NO.                    4________

PROBLEM                  5_________________ and 6_____________

ACTION TAKEN          Doctor to 7___________

 

Patient 2

NAME                         Harry 8________

ADDRESS                   Holly Trees, 9_______, 10___________  , Hastings

TEL. NO.                     11___________ (sister’s)

PROBLEM                   12_____________

ACTION TAKEN          Doctor to phone patient at 13__________

 

Patient 3

NAME                        14___________ Jones

ADDRESS                  15__________Hamilton 16__________ , Shenley

TEL. NO.                   No phone

PROBLEM                 17___________

ACTION TAKEN      Told him to phone for 18___________