1.
1) blend together into
2) lose their own distinct cultural identities
3) cut off ties with their roots
4) contribute something new to the society
5) retain distinct cultural traits and traditions
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Listening and Speaking
Text A
Reading Comprehension
1.
A.
The topic | Immigration has always been controversial in the United States. |
|---|---|
The opposing views (Para. 1) | 1) Too many German immigrants would swamp America’s predominantly British culture. 2) “New immigrants” — Poles, Italians, Russian Jews — were believed to be too different ever to assimilate into American life. 3) Today the same fears are raised about immigrants from Latin America and Asia. |
The author’s position and the thesis statement (Paras. 1–2) | 1) Current critics of immigration are as wrong as their counterparts were in previous eras. 2) Successive waves of immigrants have kept our country demographically young, enriched our culture and added to our productive capacity as a nation, enhancing our influence in the world. |
B.
Counter arguments | Evidence used (statistics/examples/references to or quotations from authorities) | |
|---|---|---|
Para. 3 | Immigration gives the United States an economic edge in the world economy. | References: 1997 study by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) Quotations: Federal Reserve Board Chairman Alan Greenspan |
Paras. 4–6 | Contrary to popular myth, immigrants do not push Americans out of jobs. | Examples: high-skilled and lower-skilled sectors that immigrants tend to work in |
Para. 7 | Immigrants are not a drain on government finances. | Statistics: an immigrant and his or her offspring paying a net $80,000more in taxes than they collect in government services; the net fiscal return being $198,000 for immigrants with college degrees Facts: immigrant use of welfare declining as a result of the 1996 Welfare Reform Act |
Paras. 8–9 | Today’s flow is not out of proportion to historical levels. Nor can immigrants fairly be blamed for causing “overpopulation.” | Statistics: the rate of 4 immigrants per year per 1,000 U.S. residents; about 10 percent of U.S. residents being foreign-born today Facts: labor force shrinking without immigration; immigrants helping revitalize demographically declining areas of the country |
2.
1) It is a lesson from Sept. 11 that the U.S. government should “control its borders” to keep out anyone who intends to commit terrorist acts.
2) Border security and immigration are two separate matters because immigrants come here to live the American Dream while terrorists come to destroy it.
3) Statistics indicate that only about one of every 25 foreign nationals who enter the United States come here to immigrate. The rest have no intention of settling permanently in the United States.
4) The author believes the problem is not that we are letting too many people into the United States but that the government has failed to keep the wrong people out.
5) Since America has the tradition of welcoming immigrants, the author holds that it would be a national shame, or another casualty of Sept. 11, if we closed the door to immigrants in the name of security.
Language in Use
4.
1) economical
2) immigrate
3) committed
4) consumption
5) finance
6) undermine
7) represented
8) invested
9) controversial
10) Successive
5.
1) In the 20th century alone, Japan suffered from earthquakes, typhoons and tsunamis, not to mention a nuclear attack and terrorism.
2) Some parents feed their little kids with junk food in the name of convenience.
3) Women in developing countries are making economic and educational gains, along with substantial political gains.
4) The sale both begins and ends tomorrow.
5) Regardless of the climatic circumstances, the fields always give high and stable yields.
6) The teacher encouraged us to figure it out by making investigations instead of giving us the answer immediately.
7) Physically shutting down the site would be very difficult given that it is hosted overseas.
8) Books are to mankind what memory is to the individual.
6.
1) live in a multicultural society
2) embrace cultural diversity
3) struggling for racial equality
4) was … biased against people of color
5) breaking down racial barriers
7.
A. 1) bat
2) bee
3) lamb
4) rabbit
5) cricket
6) deer
7) mouse
8) dove
B. 1) sheep
2) horse
3) mouse
4) dog
5) goose
6) fly
7) dog; lion
8) Dogs
8.
1) 本世纪之交，人们认为这拨“新移民”——来自波兰、意大利和俄裔的犹太人——与美国人差别太大而无法融入美国生活。
2) 而今，人们同样担忧来自拉丁美洲和亚洲的移民，但是当前批评移民的人士犯了其同行曾犯过的同样的错误。
3) 移民在行业中分布不均衡，主要分布在诸如医药、物理和计算机科学等高技能领域，以及在诸如旅馆餐饮、家政服务、建筑和轻工业等低技能行业。
4) 将“人口过多”归咎于移民也站不住脚。
5) 所有这些趋势必将继续发展下去。
9.
1) The enrolment of new students this year is four times greater than that last year.
2) More than two fifths of those surveyed said they feel unsafe on our streets.
3) Online shopping (E-commerce) is expected to continue its strong growth/on a strong growth track and account for about 30 percent of the total market share next year.
4) Growing wheat in India and Brazil uses twice as much water as in America and China.
5) Overall, two in three interviewees say they participate in outdoor sports on a regular basis, while one in ten say that they never or seldom do so.
