hype
1.
n. extravagant or intensive publicity or promotion 大肆宣传，炒作
e.g.
We are certainly seeing a lot of hype by some companies.
我们无疑已经看到来自一些公司的大肆宣传。
The public were not fooled by all the hype the press gave the event.
新闻界言过其实的种种报道并没有愚弄得了公众。
2.
v. to publicize sth. in a wildly exaggerated way 言过其实地宣传某事物
e.g.
His latest movie is being hyped up by the media.
他新近的电影正被媒体大肆炒作。
Collocation:
media hype 媒体炒作
a hyped-up movie 被大肆炒作的电影
scramble
1.
v. to push, fight or compete with others in order to get or to reach sth. 争抢；争夺
e.g.
More than three million fans are expected to scramble for tickets.
预计会有超过300万的球迷抢购门票。
Business is booming and foreigners are scrambling to invest.
商业繁荣，外国人争相投资。
2.
v. to climb or crawl quickly; usu. over rough ground or with difficulty 攀登；爬
e.g.
Tourists were scrambling over the rocks looking for the perfect camera angle.
游客们在正爬上岩石寻找最佳的拍摄角度。
The children scrambled out of the hollow tree.
孩子们都从树洞里爬出来。
3.
n. climb or walk done with difficulty or over rough ground 攀登；爬行
e.g.
a scramble over the rocks at the seashore
攀登海边的岩石
4.
n. rough struggle to get sth. 争夺；抢夺
e.g.
There was a scramble for the best seats
大家都在抢最好的座位。
Collocation:
scramble for sth. 争夺；抢夺
distinctive adj.
having a quality or characteristic that makes sth. different and easily noticed 特别的；有特色的
e.g.
a distinctive appearance, style, smell
特殊的外表、风格、气味
She has a very distinctive way of walking.
她走路的样子与别人很不相同。
Word Family:
distinctively adv. 区别地；特殊地
e.g.
This set of brown earth pottery teacup is distinctively Chinese.
这套紫砂茶杯具有中国特色。
distinctiveness n. 特殊性
e.g.
His own distinctiveness was always evident at school.
他在学校总是表现得与众不同。
access
1.
n. the right or opportunity to use or benefit from sth. 使用权；进入
e.g.
get access to secret information
得到接触秘密情报的机会
Students must have access to a good library.
学生要有使用好图书馆的便利条件。
2.
n. means of approaching or entering (a place); way in （接近或进入某地的方法）；通路
e.g.
Scientists have only recently been able to gain access to the area.
科学家直到最近才得以进入该地区。
The Mortimer Hotel offers easy access to central London.
从莫蒂默旅馆去往伦敦市中心交通近便。
3.
v. to get information from or put information into (a computer file) 存取（计算机文件）
e.g.
She accessed three different files to find the correct information.
她存取了三个文件以找寻正确的信息。
Collocation:
gain access 获得访问权限
free access 自由入口
get access to 获得；接近；可以使用
data access 数据存取
Word Family:
accessible adj. 可接近的；可进入的
e.g.
The Centre is easily accessible to the general public.
该中心普通大众可随意进入。
previous
adj. happening or existing before the event or object that you are talking about 先前的；以往的
e.g.
She has a teenage daughter from a previous marriage.
她前一段婚姻有一个十几岁的女儿。
The author mentioned it in the previous paragraph.
作者在前一段里提到这件事。
CF:
previous, foregoing, preceding, prior, former 这些形容词均可表示“在前的”之意。
previous指时间上、顺序上较早的，或指正在谈论的某事的前一个。
e.g.
The man was known to the police because of previous convictions.
因为有犯罪前科，警察们都认识这个人。
foregoing 指前面所述的，是following的反义词。
e.g.
The foregoing considerations may be concluded in a few words.
上述各种考虑可以用几个词来归纳一下。
preceding 特指时间和地位上紧接在前。
e.g.
The earthquake was preceded by a loud roar and lasted 20 seconds.
地震前有一阵巨大的轰隆声，持续了20秒钟。
prior 与previous同义，常可换用，但prior有时强调更大的重要性，对比意味强。
e.g.
Prior to his Japan trip, he went to New York.
在去日本之前，他去了纽约。
former是 latter的反义词，比prior更着重对比的意思。
e.g.
The former option favors the married man.
前一种选择对已婚男子有利。
call for
1.
to publicly ask for sth. to happen 呼吁；主张
e.g.
They angrily called for Robinson's resignation.
他们愤怒地要求鲁宾逊辞职。
The ceasefire resolution calls for the release of all prisoners of war.
停火决议要求释放所有战俘。
2.
to require, demand or need sth. 要求；需求
e.g.
It's a situation that calls for a blend of delicacy and force.
应付这种局面需要刚柔并济。
The situation calls for prompt action.
形势所迫，必须立即采取行动。
do away with
1.
to get rid of ; to make sth. end 废除；干掉
e.g.
Do away with the bad habits that might damage your health.
改掉那些有可能损害你健康的坏习惯。
2.
to kill oneself/sb. 自杀/杀死某人
e.g.
a woman whose husband had made several attempts to do away withher
一位丈夫数次试图将其谋杀的女人
bias
1.
v. to unfairly influence sb.’s opinions or decisions 使有偏见；使偏心；使偏向
e.g.
Don't let her insults bias you against your husband.
别让她的辱骂使你对你丈夫抱有偏见。
2.
n. a strong feeling in favor of or against one group of people, or one side in an argument, often not based on fair judgment 偏见；成见；偏心
e.g.
The university has a bias towards the sciences.
该大学偏重理科。
CF:
prejudice, bias 这两个名词均有“偏见，成见”之意。
prejudice 侧重指在缺乏理由或证据之前就形成怀疑的、有恶感的偏见。
e.g.
There is widespread prejudice against workers over 45.
人们普遍对年龄超过45岁的工人存有偏见。
bias 指因个人的好恶或偏见，对人或物作出的不正确、或好或坏的判断或意见。
e.g.
The committee has a conservative bias.
委员会有一种保守的偏见。
sentiment n.
1.
a feeling or an opinion, especially one based on emotions 观点；情绪
e.g.
He's found growing sentiment for military action.
他发现支持采取军事行动的情绪日益高涨。
Public sentiment rapidly turned anti-American.
公众情绪迅速转变，开始反对美国。
2.
tender feelings of pity, especially for things in the past, and may be considered exaggerated and foolish. （尤指对过去的事过度而无谓的）感伤，眷恋
e.g.
Laura kept that letter out of sentiment.
劳拉因无法释怀而一直保留着那封信。
Should sentiment be controlled by reason?
感情应受理智的控制吗?
Word Family:
sentimental adj. 伤感的；多愁善感的；感情用事的
e.g.
I'm trying not to be sentimental about the past.
我努力不让自己表现得感怀过去。
stick with
1.
to continue with sth. or continue doing sth. 继续；支持
e.g.
They prefer, in the end, to stick with what they know.
他们最终选择了继续做自己熟悉的事。
Fred stuck with his homework until it was done.
弗雷德继续做他的作业，直到做完为止。
2.
to stay close to 紧跟；紧随；和…呆在一起
e.g.
Stick with me until we get out of the crowd.
在我们走出人群前，不要离开我。
appeal
1.
v. to attract or interest sb. 有吸引力；引起兴趣
e.g.
On the other hand, the idea appealed to him.
从另一方面来说，这个想法又使他很感兴趣。
2.
v. to make an earnest request 恳求；呼吁
e.g.
The Prime Minister appealed to young people to use their vote.
首相呼吁年轻人行使他们的投票权。
3.
n. earnest request 恳求；呼吁
e.g.
an appeal for help, food, extra staff
恳求援助、食物、增添职员
4.
n. attractiveness; interest 吸引力；兴趣
e.g.
This kind of music hasn't much appeal for me.
这类音乐对我没有吸引力。
Collocation:
appeal to 呼吁；要求；诉诸；上诉
appeal for 恳求，请求；要求
Synonyms:
attract / request
Word Family:
appealing adj. 吸引人的，令人心动的；恳求的
e.g.
There was a sense of humor to what he did that I found very appealing.
他所做的带有一种我发现很迷人的幽默感。
excessively adv.
greater than what seems reasonable or appropriate 过分地；极度
e.g.
The doctor advised him not to drink excessively.
医生劝他不要饮酒过度。
He became excessively annoyed at newspaper reports.
他对报纸上的报道极为恼火。
Word Family:
excess n. 过度；过分；过量
excessive adj. 过度的，极度的；过分的
excessiveness n. 冗余
simplify v.
to make sth. easier to do or understand 使简化；使简易
e.g.
Try to simplify your explanation for the children.
你给孩子们讲解要设法讲得简单明了。
a plan to simplify the complex social security system
简化复杂的社会保障体系的计划
Word Family:
simple adj. 简单的；单纯的；天真的
simplified adj. 简化了的
simplicity n. 朴素；简易；天真；愚蠢
simplification n. 简单化；单纯化
accommodate v.
1.
(formal) to consider sth., such as sb.’s opinion or a fact, and be influenced by it when you are deciding what to do or explaining sth. 考虑到；顾及
e.g.
The roads are built to accommodate gradual temperature changes.
修建这些道路时考虑到了温度的逐渐变化。
accommodate the special needs of minority groups
照顾少数团体的特殊需要
2.
v. to provide lodging or room for (sb.) 供给（某人）住宿或房间
e.g.
This hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.
这旅馆可供达500位来宾住宿。
3.
v. to provide enough room for（有足够的空间）容纳，接纳
e.g.
Are there enough shelves to accommodate all our books?
有足够的书架容纳我们所有的书吗?
Word Family:
accommodation n. 住处，膳宿；调节；和解
accommodating adj. 随和的；乐于助人的；肯通融的
revolve around
to have sb. or sth. as the main interest or subject 以…为主要内容；围绕…旋绕
e.g.
Their troubles revolve around money management.
他们的麻烦围绕在金钱处理上。
My life revolves around my job.
我的工作是我生活的中心。
Synonyms:
center around / center on
dominant adj.
more important, powerful or noticeable than other things 占优势的；统治的，支配的
e.g.
The firm has achieved a dominant position in the world market.
这家公司在国际市场上占有举足轻重的地位。
Japan is Asia's dominant supplier of imports and technology.
日本是亚洲进口货物和技术的最大供应国
Collocation:
dominant role 主要角色
dominant culture 主流文化；主文化；主导文化
dominant strategy 优势策略；占优战略
Synonym:
predominant adj. 主要的，占主导地位的
e.g.
The predominant feature of his character was pride.
他的性格中主要的特点是骄傲。
interactive adj.
1.
that allows information to be passed continuously and in both directions between a computer and the person who uses it 交互式的；人机对话的
e.g.
This will make videogames more interactive than ever.
这将使电子游戏的互动性更胜以往。
2.
(of two or more people or things) interacting （指至少两个人或物）一起活动或互相合作
e.g.
The psychotherapy is carried out in small interactive groups.
这种心理治疗是在互动的小组之间进行的。
Word Family:
interact v. 相互作用；互相影响；互动
e.g.
Teachers have a limited amount of time to interact with each child.
教师和每个孩子沟通的时间有限。
interaction n. 一起活动；合作；互相影响；互动
e.g.
The interaction of the two groups produced many good ideas.
两个组的相互交流产生了许多好主意。
draw sb. into ...
1.
to involve sb. or make sb. take part in sth., although they may not want to take part at first 诱使…参加
e.g.
Don't let him draw you into his strategy.
不要让他把你卷进他的行动计划。
to draw someone into a quarrel
把某人拖入一场争吵
2.
to pull in at a station（火车或汽车）到站
e.g.
The train is just drawing into the station; if we hurry, we can catch it.
火车进站了，要是走快点的话, 我们会赶上的。
bundle ... with sth.
to supply extra equipment, especially software when selling a new computer, at no extra cost 带有；捆绑销售
e.g.
A further nine applications are bundled with the system.
该系统免费附送九套应用软件。
It's cheaper to buy software bundled with a PC than separately.
购买和个人电脑一起捆绑销售的软件要比单买便宜。
vanish v.
1.
to disappear suddenly and/or in a way that you cannot explain 突然消失
e.g.
The aircraft vanished without trace.
飞机消失得无影无踪。
Anne vanished from outside her home last Wednesday.
安妮上周三突然在家门外失踪了。
2.
to cease to exist or fade away 不复存在；消逝
e.g.
My prospects of success have vanished.
我的成功前景已破灭。
Many types of animal have now vanished from the earth.
许多动物物种现已从地球上绝迹。
envision v.
to imagine what a situation will be like in the future, especially a situation you intend to work towards 想像，预见，展望
e.g.
They envision an equal society, free of poverty and disease.
他们向往一个没有贫穷和疾病的平等社会。
Alana never envisioned her college career ending like this.
阿兰娜从未想到她的大学生涯会如此结束。
Synonyms:
vision / imagine
distribution n.
1.
the way that sth. is shared or exists over a particular area or among a particular group of people 分配；分布
e.g.
the distribution of schools in this district
这个区里的学校分布情况
Pines have a very wide distribution.
松树的分布很广。
2.
giving or being given to each of several people, etc. 分发；分配；分送
e.g.
the distribution of catalogues, forms, prizes, etc.
目录、表格、奖品等的分发
emergency food distribution.
应急食物配给
Word Family:
distributive adj. 分发的，分配的，分布的
distributor n. 分发者，分配者
distribute v. 分配，散布；散发，分发
e.g.
Thousands of soldiers are working to distribute food and blankets to the refugees.
数以千计的士兵正在给难民们分发食物和毯子。
nagging adj.
continuing for a long time and difficult to cure or remove 纠缠不休的；难以摆脱的
e.g.
He complained of a nagging pain between his shoulder blades.
他抱怨肩胛骨之间有个地方总是疼。
nagging headaches
顽固的头痛
