Listening and Speaking
1)benefits
2) customers’ unmet needs
3) high-quality
4) technically superior
5) resource
6) motivating
7) coordinating
8) influence and lead
9) delegate
10) running smoothly
Text A
Reading Comprehension
1.
Between B-students and A-students
● Connectives used: however; but; on the other hand
● Pattern of comparison and contrast: subject-by-subject
● Differences:
B-students
not knowing everything about anything
and are excellent at nothing;
knowing something about a lot of things;
completing almost any task with some modicum of competence;
A-students
knowing a lot about one thing and wanting to do things perfectly all the time
Between entrepreneurs and managers
● Connectives used: but; while; on the other hand
● Pattern of comparison and contrast: point-by-point
● Differences:
Penchants | Patterns of thinking | |
Entrepreneurs | understanding everything about nothing and a little bit about a lot of things; wanting results immediately | thinking laterallybecause of short attention span |
Managers | able to focus and be patient; happy to wait; confident that over time the result will eventually follow | thinking in a more linear fashion |
2.
1) According to Para. 1, the author’s mom believes that he’ll always get a(n) B whether he goes to Harvard or to the local community college.
2) When people ask him what he does as an entrepreneur, the author’s answer is that he does nothing, but he does it very well.
3) It’s said in Para. 3 that entrepreneurs are B-students, because there is no one thing they do well, but there are many things they do well enough.
4) The author points out in Para. 4 that the trait that A-students have is bad for entrepreneursbut good for managers.
5) According to the little game in Para. 7, entrepreneurs are those students who raised their hands and then put them down when answering the writer’s two questions. Managers are those who didn’t raise their hands.
6) It’s suggested in Para. 8 that A-student managers and B-student entrepreneurs should understand and appreciate each other so that everyone will be more productive.
7) Examples of exceptions to the A-student/B-student rule are Bill Gates, Warren Buffet, and Matt Harris who are both successful entrepreneurs and A-students.
8) The author explains in Para. 10 that B-students need to realize, accept, and embrace the fact that they are B-students, and then do what they can to attract, organize, and motivate A-student managers, thus everyone at school can benefit from each other.
Reading and Discussing
3.
For reference
1) As far as I’m concerned, the author’s viewpoint is reasonable. For instance, an entrepreneur should have vision and take risks to start up a business and seek opportunities to develop the company. He may not focus on one thing for a long time and get it done perfectly. This trait can also be seen in B-students. Instead, the traits of managers do coincide with those of A-students, especially as perfectionists in doing things.
2) ● Abounding curiosity
● Bursting with creativity
● Clarity of vision
● Ability to communicate
● Leadership acumen
● Loving risk and taking action
Language in Use
4.
1) traits
2) constantly
3) exception
4) motivate
5) more complicated
6) proposed
7) convinced
8) executed
9) be embraced/embrace
10) productive
5.
1) associates with
2) off course
3) tends to
4) a slew of
5) stick to
6) sort of
7) running through
8) jot down
6.
1) runs summer courses
2) run for president
3) run … tests
4) Running a hotel
5) run a washing machine
6) run you home
7) run a business
8) ran the hot tap
7.
A.1) local
2) mature
3) complicated
4) fresh
5) downside
6) fruitful
7) Optimism
8) static; fixed; diversified
B.
1) left; wrong
2) easy; soft
3) weak; faint
4) dark; heavy
5) low; deep (low)
6) married; round (return); double
8.
1) 企业家们只关注结果，而经理们却乐意等待，他们相信功到自然成。
2) 企业家的短期注意力允许他，甚至可以说促使他进行横向思维。与之相反，经理们可以长时间专注于某一主题，他们能够——实际上更愿意——进行线性思维。
3) 横向思维对新创企业很有必要，企业家往往在计划执行不顺时改变既定方案；而较成熟的企业则要用线性思维，在这样的企业里，要完成任务，就完全有必要让成百上千的员工坚决执行计划。
4) 尽管多数A等生确实擅长某事，但在其他众多方面，却不甚在行。相反，B等生确实每方面都能干得像模像样。
5) 他总能得A等，而我花了两倍的时间还只得了B等。
9.
1) Everyone has ideas, however very few are able to execute them. That’s the difference between dreamers and entrepreneurs.
2) Research shows that boys tend to have a shorter interest span, while girls are more patient, hence, the former are able to make new friends while the latter stick to their lifelong friendships.
3) To understand and appreciate each other is without doubt important, but still far from enough when it comes to marriage.
4) B-students, though unable to do one thing so perfectly as A-students, know much more than A-students and can do many things well enough.
5) Typically, the quicker you adapt yourself to the working environment, the more promotion opportunities you may get. On the contrary, you get fewer if you complain all the time.
Text B
Reading Comprehension
1.
Commentators | Comments on Parker Maroney |
Linda Lipscomb (the site manager for the museum) | 1) We’re waiting for that. 2) It’s my favorite. 3) Parker is a very nice young man, and we wanted to encourage him in his efforts to save his money. 4) He’s doing it for a worthy cause, and you don’t see that often. 5) Wednesdays are now PeaDawg days around here. |
Jim Lipscomb (a museum re-enactor) | 1) We really enjoy him being here. 2) This young man shows a lot of initiative. |
One woman having lunch here with her husband | This is the best lemonade I’ve ever had. |
Joe Maroney (father of Parker) | 1) I love working with him. 2) To see him change and try to mentor him, because he’ll actually ask for advice, is a great plus. 3) He’s a great kid. I want to give him the skills to be able to be productive in life, to be self-sufficient. |
Parker Maroney himself | 1) I’m glad people are liking the lemonade. 2) It’s all worth it in the end. 3) It was a fun learning process. |
Language in Use
2.
1) heading
2) supplement
3) stands
4) head
5) stand
6) supplement
7) remarks (stand)
8) remarked
3.
1) headed into
2) set up
3) interact with
4) came up with
5) try his hand at
6) was … supportive of
4.
1) 在体育运动中，你经常会听到人们说一会儿之后忐忑不安的心情就消失了，但是伊丽莎白一直处于忐忑不安之中。
2) 在成长的过程中，乔•马洛尼曾摆过柠檬汁摊子，也帮人修过草坪。
3) 然而，更现实的情形是学生们往往一边学习或做作业一边播放“背景音乐”。
4) 尽管比尔•盖茨没有从哈佛毕业，他的确上了哈佛，而且得过A等。
5) 研究表明，朋友能极大地增强我们的幸福感，与此同时，还能减少压力，增加自尊。
Writing
Exercise 1
Differences
Position: specific responsibilities, cooperating, productive / Vision: clear, competitive
Similarities
Similar job title or position
Differences
Structure: more flexible, juggle many roles / Vision: less competitive
Exercise 2
Students of science | Students of art | |
The ways of thinking | d, b | c, a |
Strengths or weaknesses | e, g | f, h |
Exercise 3
Sample
Step 1: Planning
Differences:
Roommate A: a little overweight, extroverted and talkative, playing video games
Roommate B: thin, introverted and timid, playing the violin and listening to music
Similarities: male, friendly
Step 2: Drafting and organizing
Subject-by-subject pattern
Topic sentence: Tom and Joseph are both my roommates, but it seems that they come from two different worlds.
Roommate A: Tom is not tall and is a little overweight. He looks cute and friendly. Whenever we are back in the dormitory, we can always hear him gossiping around. He is very extroverted and has made a lot of friends since he came to the university. His favorite pastime is playing video games.
Roommate B: Joseph is tall and thin. He is introverted and looks a little timid, but he is friendly to others. Whenever he has time, he plays the violin or listens to music.
Concluding sentence: Although they are different in many ways and make a weird match when they are together, they are good friends now.
Point-by-point pattern
Topic sentence: Tom and Joseph are both my roommates, but it seems that they come from two different worlds.
Appearance: Tom is not tall and a little overweight, while Joseph is tall and thin.
Personalities: Both Tom and Joseph are friendly to others. Different from Joseph, who is introverted and looks a little timid, Tom is extroverted and talkative. Whenever we are back in the dormitory, we can always hear him gossiping around.
Hobbies: Tom’s favorite pastime is playing video games, but as far as Joseph is concerned, whenever he has time, he plays the violin or listens to music.
Concluding sentence: Although they are different in many ways and make a weird match when they are together, they are good friends now.
