第二单元：需求获取      用时：4学时

了解与用户沟通获取软件需求的过程；

了解需求工程的基本概念、作用和主要目标；

了解需求阶段的主要活动和主要方法

掌握需求分析的主要方法和最终产品；

理解在软件项目中客户与最终用户的区别：

了解移动互联國的基本概念以及其应用；

掌握软件需求规格说明书的写作方法

–Dialogue:  Communication with Customers

Exercises: Work in pairs, and make up a similar conversation by replacing the statements with other expressions on the right side.

[1] In the case that a customer books a roomin your hotel, but doesn’t check in on time, how do you refund his deposit, thewhole, part or none?

Replace with:  

In the case that a customer books a dinner in your hotel, but doesn’t  check in on time, how do you deal with it?

–Listening Comprehension: Software Requirements

•Listen to the article and the following 3 questions based on it. After you hear a question, there will be a break of 10 seconds. During the break, you will decide which one is the best answer among the four choices marked (A), (B), (C) and (D).

•Questions:

1. Which is the correct order of key steps in the software requirements stage according to this article?

(A)Inception, elicitation, elaboration, negotiation, and validation

(C)Inception, elicitation, negotiation, elaboration, and validation

(B)Elicitation, inception, elaboration, negotiation, and validationd

(D)Elicitation, inception, negotiation, elaboration, and validation

2. In which step are requirements further expanded into an analysis model?

(A)Negotiation

(B)Validation

(C)Elaboration

(D)Specification 

3. In which steps should software team work with other stakeholders in the software requirements stage?

(A)Inception, negotiation, specification, and validation

(B)Inception, elicitation, specification and validation

(C)Inception, elicitation, negotiation, and validation

(D)Inception, elaboration, negotiation, and specification

–Dictation:The Difference between Customer & End-User

•This article will be played three times.Listen carefully, and fill in the blanks with the words you have heard.

Software         communicate  with  many  different stakeholders, but  customers  and  end-users  have the  most  significant  impact on the  technical  work  that         .In  same         the  customer and the  end-user  are  one  in  the      ,but for many       ,the  customer  and  the end-user  are  different  people,        for different  managers  in different  business         .

A  customer,  is the  person  or       who;(1)          requested  the software  to  be          , (2) defines         business  objectives  for  the  software:(3) provides  basic  product          ; and (4) coordinates  funding  for the  project.  In  a         or  system  business,  the customer  is  often  the  marketing       . In  an  IT  environment, the  customer  might  be  a  business        or department .

 On the     , an end-user  is the  person  or  group  who:(1) will      use  the  software  that is  built  to        some  business          , and (2) will  define       detail of the software  so  that  the  business  purposes can  be  achieved.