雅思阅读里理解障碍之句子理解障碍

1. 造成阅读障碍的根本在于句子，不一定是单词，试感受下面句子：

I dined cheaply and astonishingly well at a little place across the road—there is this to be said for the French: They can make fries—drank two bottles of Stella Artois in a cafe where I was served by a Philippe Noiret look-alike in a slaughterhouse（屠宰场） apron（围裙）, and retired early to my modest hotel room, where I played with my seashell Madonna for a time, then got into bed and passed the night listening cars crashing in the street below.

你会发现上面的句子并没有什么生僻的词汇，但是读起来仍然十分拗口，有一种：句长不知所起，理解不知归处的怅惘之感。这到底是是为什么呢？

当然，楼上的句子并不意味着世界上存在什么不需要词汇量的技巧能够解决阅读的问题，再感受一下下面的句子：

I lived and worked in or around it for eight years, watched the local news on television, read the evening papers, ranged extensively through its streets to attend weddings and retirement parties or go on harebrained quests for bargains in far-flung salvage yards, and still I find that there are great fragments of it that I have not just never visited but never heard of.

句中接二连三的“生词”让你招架不住，读起来的感觉是不是这样的：“我住在然后在8年里工作，看到新闻在电视上，读晚报， 什么什么通过它的街道去参加婚礼或者退休派对，或者继续为了讨价还价的什么要求在什么什么的院子里...”你会发现你对句子的理解完全是线性的，而且你对生词理解的不足完全依靠“什么”来弥补了。

你或许会觉得长难句长难句是因为句子长了才变难，那么请看一看下面的句子：

In 1806, the first batch of cars powered by an internal combustion engine came into being, which pioneered the introduction of the widespread modern petrol-fueled internal combustion engine in 1885.

句子足够短，但是是不是仍然有种读起来心里没底的感觉？

又或者是如下的句子：

即便是熟悉的单词因为语境的限制也出现了不熟悉的意思

A few years ago, in one of the most fascinating and disturbing experiments in behavioural psychology, Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40 subjects from all walks of life for their willingness to obey instructions given by a "leader" in a situation in which the subjects might feel a personal distaste for the action they were called upon to perform.

此处句子节选于曾经的真题，询问“受试者来源”。你是否看懂了all walks of life以及subjects的在文中的含义？

还有一个例句，同样来自于真题（剑7的T1）

The American zoologist Donald Griffin, who was largely responsible for the discovery of sonar in bats，coined the term 'echolocation' to cover both sonar and radar, whether used by animals or by human instrument.

题干：The word 'echolocation' was first used by someone working as a ______.你是否明白coin在此处的意思呢？
以上种种都促使我们去思考，雅思阅读理解到底是读什么？理解的基础在于什么呢？

2. 阅读理解的单位更多是基于句子——完整、有意义信息的载体请认真想一想，有多少次你在阅读时看懂了每个单词却仍然不理解文章的含义？这种感觉你在看中文专业书时或许也曾有过。你认识建筑材料，却仍然不知道这些建筑材料可以构建出什么样有意义的建筑物或者如何组合构建出有意义的建筑物来。